Cishe bonke abaqalile ukulima imifino banesithakazelo ku-azalea, banakekela ekhaya ngesitshalo esimangalisayo. Le mbali yafika kithi evela emndenini waseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, lapho kunesimo sezulu esibucayi esivela khona, ngakho-ke udinga ukuba nolwazi oluthile ukuze wakhe indawo enhle kakhulu efasiteleni.
Azaleas - Species
I-Azaleas iyingxenye yomndeni we-heather kanye nohlobo lwe-rhododendrons. Lesi sitshalo sinezimpande ezingenasici futhi ezibuthakathaka, futhi isiqu sinamandla njengomuthi we-dwarfish. Amaqabunga ezinhlobonhlobo zasendlini angama-leathery, amancane futhi ahlukumezekile, ngemuva kokuphela kwesikhathi sokuvuna awela. Awukwazi ukuchaza u-azalea ngaphandle kokuyeka ngokuningiliziwe ngokuhleleka kwawo okuhle. Izimbali eziningana ezilula ezimbili zingaba yi-monophonic noma i-bicolour, enezikhala ezivela ezimhlophe kuya ezibomvu ezigqamile.
EYurophu, izitshalo zokuhlobisa zavela ngenxa yabasolwandle baseDutch, abazithola bevela eJapane naseChina emangalisayo. Izaleas zangaphambili zabizwa ngokuthi i-ornamental potable pot pot flower nge 5 stamens embali, kanye ne-rhododendrons-ikakhulukazi emigwaqeni emikhulu yezihlahla ezinamahlumela angu-10. Manje ungathola ezinkampanini zombili amagama ezinhlobonhlobo ezifanayo, ezingabhekwa njengephutha elikhulu. Ukuze ugweme amaphutha, lapho uthenga imbali ngeposi, funda ngokucophelela incazelo yayo.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zama-azaleas:
- I-Azalea iyiJapane. Igama elihlukile yi-rhododendron oyisiwula. Ikhula ngesimo sezihlahla eziphansi kuze kufike ku-50 cm ukuphakama. Isiko samabhodlela sinokusabalala okuncane.
- U-Azalea ungumNdiya. Igama elihlukile yi-Sims rhododendron. Izwe lomdabu lalezi zihlukahlukene ngamazwe ase-Asia. Ngokusekelwe ezihlahleni zasendle zase-Indian azalea ezinamahlathi amancane kuze kube yingxenye yemitha, kwatholakala iningi lemifino.
Indlela yokunakekela u-azalea?
Indoor azalea - imbali enomsoco, ukunakekelwa ekhaya lokhu kubhodlela okuhlobisa kudinga ukunakwa, isikhathi, ukunamathela ngokuqinile emithethweni eyisisekelo yokutshala izitshalo. Uma umane uhlwanyele i-rhododendron encane ethengwe esitolo esiteleni sefasitela endaweni efudumele neyomile, khona-ke ithenda ithenda lingashona.
Ukuhlinzeka ukunakekelwa kwe-azaleas ekhaya:
- Ukukhanyisa okulungile - le mbali izwa kangcono ku-penumbra.
- Ngokuba ama-rhododendrons adinga umswakama ophezulu, ngaphansi kwemibandela yefulethi udinga ukupompela okufakelwayo.
- Ekunakekeleni ukukwenza ngesikhathi sokunisela nokulinganisa ngesikhathi.
- Kuvinjelwe ukukhulula inhlabathi ezimbizeni, izimpande zethenda zikhula phezulu futhi zilimale kalula.
- Ukushisa - ebusika kubalulekile ukugcina imbiza endaweni epholile ngo-10-14 ° C, ehlobo akufanele iphakame ngaphezu kwe-18 ° C.
- Umhlabathi - ekunakekeleni ama-rhododendrons, kungcono ukusebenzisa inhlabathi e-acidic kanye nama-indices angaba ngu-4-4.5 pH.
- Ukuze kube nezimbali ezimnandi njalo zijabulisa u-azalea omuhle, ukukhathazeka ekhaya kufanele kube nokudla okuvamile, okungcono ngenhloso yokuthenga ama-rhododendron.
Indlela yokutshala i-azalea ekhaya?
Ibhodlela elincane kufanele lihanjiswe ebhodweni elisha njalo ngonyaka, izimbali ezindala zifakelwa njalo eminyakeni emibili noma emithathu. Iphutha elivamile ukuphulwa kwesakhiwo se-coma yomhlaba. Kule ndaba, indlela efanele yokufakelwa ngayo i-azalea, kungcono ukulondoloza ubuqotho bayo futhi uzibophezele ekungezeni isakhi se-nutrient. Ngokuphathelene nesistimu yezimpande, awukwazi ukuthenga iziqukathi ezijulile ze-rhododendron, usebenzisa izimbiza eziphansi zokuhlobisa egumbini.
Azalea - ukukhiqiza ekhaya
Indlela yokukhiqiza imbewu isetshenziswe ikakhulukazi ngabacwaningi bezobuchwepheshe, abathandi bangancoma izindlela zezitshalo ezilula ukuzisebenzisa futhi zinikeze imiphumela ephezulu. Enkingeni yokuthi ungayandisa kanjani i-azalea , kuhle ukusebenzisa izicutheka ezixutshwe ngamaminithi angama-8 ubude. Ukutholwa kahle kwe-rooting kutholakala kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuya kuJuni enhlabathini e-acidic coniferous. Ukuze athole umphumela wokushisa, inqubo yenziwa ezindlini zokugcina izithombo noma ngaphansi kwamabhange ebhodini ekushiseni kwama-25 ° C. Enye indlela ephumelelayo yokukhiqiza ukuhlukaniswa kwezimpande zezihlahla ezinamandla eneminyaka engama-3.
Indlela yokusika u-azalea?
Imibuzo mayelana nokuthi ungayinciphisa kanjani u-azalea ngemuva kokuzimbali futhi ngezikhathi zini ukukhiqiza le nqubo, ukhathazeke bonke abacimi bezaqalayo. Izinhlobonhlobo zakuqala zakha ngo-Mashi-Ephreli, nasekupheleni kwesikhathi - kusukela ngoMeyi kuya kuJuni. Kubalulekile ukunciphisa amahlumela wonyaka odlule bese usika wonke amahlumela angadingekile. Ukuze unciphise izitshalo ezincane ezikhulile kusuka esibambini, i-trunk ixhunyiwe endaweni ephakeme kuya ku-12 cm ukusuka emhlabathini. I-vase ekhulayo idinga ukushintshaniswa eduze kwe-axis yokukhanyisa okufanako komqhele.
Inhlabathi ye-azaleas
Umhlabathi we-azaleas ekamelweni ufaneleke kakhulu nge-acidity yenhlabathi cishe nge-pH 4.5. Ekhaya, izimo ezihle zenziwa ngokuxuba umhlaba we-coniferous (izingxenye ezimbili), i-peat (ingxenye engu-1) nengxenyana encane yesihlabathi somfula. Uma izingxenye ezidingekayo zendlu zingatholakali, khona-ke amateurs angakwazi ukuthenga i-substrate eyenziwe ngomumo nge-rhododendron noma ezinye izimbali ezikhuliswe enhlabathini e-acidic.
Ungamanzi kanjani u-azalea?
Ukuphuza i-azaleas njalo ekunakekeleni kuyisifiso sokukhiqiza amanzi amanzi noma amvula, acidified nge citric acid. Ukuze uthole isisombululo esifisa, ama-crystals ambalwa we-asidi ku-litre of a stationary futhi afudumele ekamelweni lokushisa liquid ahlanjululwa. Ama-waterlogging anamandla noma okomile kuholela ekufeni kwesitshalo, ngesikhathi sekwindla imvamisa yokuphuza kufanele ihliswe. Ukuze kuqhutshwe i-coma esemhlabeni ngesikhathi esishisayo sasehlobo, ibhodlela le-azalea lifakwa ngamapayipi ngamanzi.
Kungani i-azalea ingaqhakazi?
Abantu abanakekela ngezitshalo ekhaya bavame ukukhathazeka ngenkinga yokuthi kungani ama-azaleas angaqhakazi. I-Rhododendron ingenangqondo futhi izwela kunoma yikuphi ukushintsha kwezimo zemvelo. Kulezi zigumbane ezigumbini kuyadingeka ukudala ubusika obunjengobungcweti ebhaleni noma loggia enezinga lokushisa lika-8-10 ° C kanye nokwehliswa okukodwa ngesikhathi sokunisela ukulala okuhluma. Uma kuvela amahlumela, sikhulisa izinga lokushisa libe yi-12-16 ° C. Isimo sesibili esiyinhloko se-azaleas ejwayelekile yezimbali kuyisimo se-asidi nomanyolo okhethekile we-acidic ekunakekeleni.
Izifo ze-azalea
Izimpawu zezifo ezehlukene zingase zihluke, esimweni ngasinye, kufanele ucabange ngokucophelela imbali bese ubeka isizathu esiqondile sokuvimbela ukukhula. Ekunakekeleni izifo ze-azalea nezinambuzane zivame ukuthinteka. Kulesi simo, uzokwazi ukulahla amaqabunga noma ukuyeka ukukhahlela, izinambuzane ezinesifo esinegciwane ezinamabala angcolile emaqabunga. Ngokumelene nezinambuzane nezifungi zisebenzisa amakhambi omuntu noma amalungiselelo akhethekile. Ekhaya, kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise ama-biofungicides nama-bioinsecticides, angenabungozi kubantu, kodwa abe nomphumela omuhle wokuphulukisa.
Izinambuzane eziyinhloko ze-azalea:
- i-azalium mole;
- ukushisa kwe-whitefly;
- i-woraly worm ;
- i-strawberry mite;
- isikhumba sesicabucabu ;
- i-rhododendron bug.
Izifo eziyinhloko ze-azalea:
- i-fusariosis;
- ukubola kwempunga ;
- i-powdery isikhutha ;
- ukugqwala;
- i-verticellosis;
- i-alternari;
- i-chlorosis;
- i-necrosis.