Onkulunkulu nabesifazanekazi bezwe lamaGreki lasendulo bahle futhi baqondakala kubantu, ngoba banezimfanelo eziningi zabantu, bathande futhi bazonde, bazwele noma baphindise. UDemeter - omunye wabantu abahlonishwa kakhulu ngabantu baseGrisi onkulunkulukazi, inhlonipho nokuhlonishwa okuhlala kulolu suku.
Ubani uDemeter?
UDemeter unguMama Womhlaba. Emakholweni ahlukene angahlangana nomunye igama likaDemeter - uMama Omkhulu. Umfanekiso wesithikazi uhlanganisa konke ukuphila. Umzimba wakhe uyindlu yomuntu, futhi umhlaba noma umhlaba awuncane kakhulu. Unkulunkulukazi ongumama wazalwa ngamabutho anamandla uKronos noRhea. Umfowenu uZeus, owayemthanda futhi wamkhohlisa ngeso lengqondo. Ingane ethandekayo - indodakazi kaPerphonephone, ngenxa yokuthi yabeka izinyembezi eziningi zodadekazi osizi.
UDemeter uyaziwa futhi ngaphansi kwamanye amagama, ehambisana nesithombe sakhe esihle:
- Htonia - ngaphansi komhlaba;
- I-Ceres (igama lesiLatini);
- Virgo (ngesimo sezinkanyezi);
- I-Akaya ibuhlungu;
- Isinkwa se-Sieve;
- I-Furia;
- Ukushaywa indiva ngumthethosisekelo kanye nomphathi wemishado evumelekile;
- U-Erinia uyaphikisa.
Ukukhulekela kukaDemeter kwakuvamile phakathi kwabalimi. Wafundisa abantu ukulima nokuhlwanyela abasebenzi. Emsebenzini womlobi ongumGreki uHesiod "Umsebenzi WeMlimi," kukhona inkondlo-imfundo, ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani ukuhlonipha unkulunkulukazi. Umlobi usitshela ukuthi ngaphambi kokuphonsa okusanhlamvu emhlabathini umuntu kumele athandaze kuDemeter ohlanzekile kanye nohlu lonke lwemisebenzi yezolimo: ngokuthinta isibambo sokhula nokubopha izinkabi ukuqoqa amahlumela aluhlaza, amakhuni, ukuhlonipha uMama Omkhulu kuwo wonke ubuhle bawo.
Uphawu lweDemeter
Unkulunkulukazi waseGrisi uDemeter wasendulo wayevezwa njengowesifazane omuhle onamathelethi, enezinwele ezinemibala engobucwebe futhi ekhoneni elihle. Inhlokokazikazikazi izungezwe i-halo ekhanyayo. Kukhona enye ifomu eyaziwa kakhulu likaDemeter of the Usizi: owesifazane ovuthiwe, ophelile egqokeni elimnyama enekhanda ekhanda lakhe. Izimfanelo nezimpawu zoMama Womhlaba:
- ibhasikidi enezindlebe ezivuthiwe, i-wreath yazo ekhanda lakhe - uphawu lokuzala;
- isibani esivuthayo, esivela ku-volcano u-Etna-uphawu lokuthola indodakazi;
- ingulube - isilwane, ngenxa yokuzala kwayo enikezelwe kunkulunkulukazi;
- i-poppy iyimbali kaDemeter, ngosizo lwayo elapha indodana kaKelay kusukela ekuqothukeni okuqhubekayo.
Unkulunkulukazi uDemeter emlandweni wesiGreki
Ubuhlobo benkulunkulukazi nabanye abakhileyo abalinganayo be-Olympus bakha ngokuyinhloko emlandweni wezinkolelo, lapho unkulunkulukazi wokuzala uDemeter engavumelani nokulahlekelwa yindodakazi yakhe futhi ufanisa bonke onkulunkulu. Nguye ongakwazi ukuguqula izwe elibhakabhaka nelanga elihle ehlane elingenampilo. Futhi onkulunkulu, bebona isimo sakhe esinzima, bahambe, ngoba akekho omunye ngaphandle kukaMama Omkhulu.
Izinganekwane zikaDemeter nePhonephone
I-Demeter ne-Persephone (i-Cora) - abathandekayo futhi abanamathele kakhulu komunye nomunye umama nendodakazi bachitha isikhathi esiningi ndawonye, bayizimo zomndeni. Kwenzeka ukuthi iHayidesi (iHayidese) yabona iPhonephone ekhulile futhi yathandana. Ukuya kuZeyus, iHayidese yaqala ukubuza izandla zendodakazi yakhe, lapho uZeus owayengumbhali engaphenduli khona "yebo" noma "cha". Unkulunkulu okhohlisayo we-underworld wakuqonda lokhu njengesignali esenzweni futhi wanquma ukuthatha uCora.
I-Cora, kanye no-Arthemisi no-Athena, badonsa emadlelweni futhi bancika phezu kwazo zonke izimbali ezimnandi, befunda iphunga labo, bezwa iphunga lesikhumba sePerphonephone esingajwayele ukuhamba kude namanye onkulunkulukazi ukuze baqede imbali yesimangaliso ye-daffodil eyakhuliswe uGaia (unkulunkulukazi womhlaba), ikakhulukazi ngenhloso yokukhishwa I-Persephone iHayidese. Umhlaba wavulwa futhi waphumelela eHayidesi eyesabekayo enqoleni encane yabanjwa unkulunkulukazi okhalela usizo. Akekho owake wabona ukuthumba, ngaphandle kwelanga elinguHelios. Umama wagijimela ukukhala kendodakazi yakhe angamtholanga.
Izinsuku eziyisishiyagalolunye ziphazamisekile usizi uDemeter wafuna indodakazi yakhe. Yonke imvelo ihlile, izivini nazo zonke izihlumela zome. UHelios wahawukela umama odabukile futhi watshela ngesivumelwano phakathi kweHayidesi neZeyus. UDemetra wathukuthelela umfowenu futhi wacela ukubuya kwentombazane yakhe, noma kwakungeke kube khona umhlaba oqhakazayo, futhi abantu babezobulawa yindlala. Onkulunkulu bavuma futhi baphetha isivumelwano esisha, uKora uchitha ubusika neHayidese, futhi isikhathi sonke nonina. Ngakho kwaba nokuhlangana okujabulisayo. Kodwa ubusika buza, futhi uDemeter uphinde wahlushwa ngokuhlukana nendodakazi yakhe kuze kube sekupheleni konyaka.
UDemeter noHera
Unkulunkulukazi ongumGrisi uDemeter ungudade kaHera, umkaZeus noHastia, unkulunkulukazi oyintombi. Mayelana nobuhlobo babodade abazange bahlale noma yiluphi ulwazi nemithombo, kodwa ukwazi intshiseko evuthayo kaHera, singacabanga ukuthi ubuhlobo abuyinto elula. Odade babumbene iqiniso lokuthi ngamunye wabo wawela okuningi kokuvivinywa nokulahleka. UDemeter uhlukaniswe nendodakazi yakhe, uHera akajabuli emshadweni. Kuzo zonke izimpikiswano zabo, uZeus unecala - umyeni, umfowabo, uyise wezingane ngomuntu oyedwa.
UDemeter noDionysus
UDionysus, unkulunkulu we-viticulture, i-winemaking nokuzala (ifomu lasendulo likaDionysus-Zagrei), ngenkathi yamaGreki yaqala ukubonakala noJehoka noma uBachus, indodana kaDemeter (eminye imithombo yomyeni wakhe). Unkulunkulukazi wenzalo uDemeter ngenjabulo ukuthi indodakazi yakhe ibuya e-underworld, yafundisa izakhamuzi zedolobha i-Eleusis, lapho ehlala khona ekulimazeni. Ngakho, ngokuhlonipha unkulunkulukazi, kwavela imfihlakalo yase-Eleusini, lapho inkolo kaDionysus nayo yajoyina khona. Isithombe somntwana ovela kuNkulunkulu kaDionysus, njengomphambanisi phakathi kowesifazanekazi nabantu, wayephezu kwalolu daba.
UDemeter neHayidese
IHayidesi - unkulunkulu wezwe labafileyo ungumfowabo kaDemeter. Isiphetho esibuhlungu asikho nje abesifazane basemhlabeni kuphela, kodwa nabesifazanekazikazi. Bobabili abazalwane uDemeter - uHayidesi noZeus babenonya futhi bangalungile kulo dade. Futhi ngokuziphindiselela, u-Erinia - "ukuphindisela" uDemeter uphendukela umhlaba wonke ube uhlobo lombuso ongaphansi komhlaba. Umhlaba uba njengempunga futhi wome njengendawo yokuhlala eHayidese. Mayelana noDemeter entabeni akekho ocingayo nomphumela ozwakalayo owawukude ukuza. UMfoweth 'futhi kakade uyingxenye yesikhathi sika-mkhwenyanakazi unkulunkulukazi kwakudingeka akhulume i-Persephone kumama wakhe ngaphambi kwesihenqo seqhwa. Ukulinganisela emvelweni kubuyiselwe.