AmaGreki asendulo ayekhulekela onkulunkulu abaningi, inkolo yabo njengombonakaliso wobuciko: izinyanga, ezingenasidingo njengemvelo ngokwazo nezakhi zalo. UDionysus - omunye wabonkulunkulu abathandekayo bamaGeneseni uveza ubufakazi bokuthi injabulo empilweni yabo yayihlala endaweni ekhethekile futhi ephakeme.
Ubani uDionysus?
UDionysus, unkulunkulu we-winemaking, waphumela empilweni yokulinganiswa yamaGreki enesimiso sakhe sokuthakazelisa, ukukhathazeka nokuhlambalaza. I-Olympian encane kunazo zonke ivela eTracian. Yaziwa futhi ngaphansi kwamanye amagama:
- Bacchus;
- Bacchus;
- I-Dionysus ephezulu;
- Ukushisa;
- Lieber;
- Ama-Dithyrambs;
- I-Orthos;
- I-Horay.
UDionysus wayenemisebenzi namandla alandelayo:
- kwakungenxa yokuvuselela kwezimila entwasahlobo;
- wahlonipha abalimi;
- wafundisa abantu ubuciko bokuvuna amagilebhisi nokuvuna;
- wathumela ubuhlanya kulabo ababengafuni ukujoyina;
- kubhekwa ngokuthi "ubaba" wohlobo lwezemidlalo lwengozi.
Abazali benkulunkulu wewayini nomvini kukhona uZeus noSemel. Izinganekwane zokuzalwa kukaDionysus zigcwele izifiso. Umfazi onomhawu wendodana yeHera, lapho ezwa ukuthi uSemele ukhulelwe, esezibonele ukuthi umhlengikazi wakhe unamanzi, wancenga uZeus ukuba avele enkonzweni kaNkulunkulu. U-Semel emhlanganweni noNkulunkulu wabuza ukuthi ngabe ulungele yini ukufeza esinye sezifiso zakhe, futhi ufunga ukufeza noma yikuphi ukushaywa kwakhe. Ezwa isicelo, uZeus wathatha esinye isithelo esingavuthiwe esiswini sakhe abathandekayo futhi wasikhonsa ethangeni lakhe, futhi ngesikhathi kufika uZeus wazala indodana kaDionysus.
Ukukhulekela kukaDionysus eGrisi lasendulo kwakubizwa ngokuthi uDionysius. Imikhosi yokuvuna yayibizwa ngokuthi yiDionysia encane, ihambisana nemidwebo ecacile ngokugqoka, ukucula, ukuphuza iwayini. I-Dionysia eyinhloko yayibanjwe ngoMashi - ngokuhlonipha unkulunkulu ozalwa kabusha. Izinguqulo zokuqala zomkhosi weBacchanalia zazigcinwe ngaphansi kobumnyama futhi zimelela ukudansa okungokwemvelo kwe-maenad embusweni wesimo somzimba, ukuziphatha ngokobulili. Ukufa kukaDionysus onkulunkulu ngesimo senkunzi kwadlalwa futhi isilwane somhlatshelo saqothuka, sidla inyama efudumele.
I-Dionysus Isici
Emisebenzini yasendulo yobuciko, uDionysus wachazwa njengomfana osemusha, onesilonda esinezinyosi enezici zesifazane. Isici esibaluleke kunazo zonke unkulunkulu ungumsebenzi kaDionysus noma umfundisi we-stem of fennel, ogqwetshiwe ngamagayipi ephayinsi - uphawu lwephallic lomgomo wokudala. Ezinye izici nezimpawu Bacchus:
- Umvini. Induku eyindilinga iyisibonakaliso sokuzala kanye nomsebenzi we-winemaking;
- Ivy - ngokusho izinkolelo ekubhekaneni nokudakwa okunamandla.
- Inkezo - ukuphuza, umphefumulo wakhohlwa ngokuvela kuNkulunkulu, futhi ukuphulukisa kwakudingeka ukuphuza enye - indebe yokucabanga, khona-ke inkumbulo yobuNkulunkulu nesifiso sokubuyela ezulwini ibuyele emuva.
Ama-satellite kaDionysus ayenawo ongokomfanekiso:
- I-melpomene iyimfihlo yokuhlupheka;
- Amashumi ayisikhombisa abalandeli abathembekile noma abapristikazi benkolo kaDionysus;
- i-panther, i-tiger kanye ne-lynx - izilwane zomndeni wekati zibonisa ukuphakama kwakhe nokunqoba futhi kukhumbuze ukuthi inkolo ivela eMpumalanga;
- inkunzi ibonisa ukuzala nokulima. UDionysus wayevame ukuboniswa ngesimo senkunzi.
I-Dionysus - Mythology
I-Hellene yayikhonza imvelo kukho konke ukubonakala kwayo. Ukwelapha yingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila kwabantu basezindaweni zasemaphandleni. Ukuvuna okucebile njalo kuwuphawu oluhle lokuthi onkulunkulu basekela futhi banesihawu. Unkulunkulu wamaGreki uDionysus ongokoqobo ubonakala ejabule, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ahamba futhi ethumela iziqalekiso nokufa kulabo abangamqapheli. Amanga ngeBacchus agcwele imizwa ehlukahlukene: injabulo, ukudabuka, intukuthelo nokuhlambalaza.
UDionysus no-Apollo
Ukungqubuzana phakathi kuka-Apollo noDionysus kuhunyushwa ngokuhlukile ngezazi-zefilosofi kanye nezazi-mlando ngendlela yabo. I-Apollo - unkulunkulu okhanyayo nonwele we-al-golden of sunshine wagcizelela ubuciko, ukuziphatha kanye nenkolo. Bakhuthazwa abantu ukuba baqaphele yonke into. Futhi amaGreki azama ukulandela imithetho ngaphambi kwehlelo likaDionysus. Kodwa uDionysus "waqhuma" emiphefumulweni futhi wavula konke okungaqondakali, lezo zigodi ezingenalutho ezikhona kuwo wonke umuntu kanye namaGenesen alinganisiwe zaqala ukuzijabulisa, ukudakwa nobunzima, ukuhlonipha iBaccus enkulu.
Amandla amabili aphikisanayo, i-Apollonian "ekhazimulayo" ne-"dark" Dionysic, yahlangene e-duel. Isizathu sabangela imizwa, njengoba izazi-mlando zichaza umzabalazo wezinkolo ezimbili. Ukukhanya, ukulinganisa, ukujabula kanye nesayensi ngokumelene nenkolo yomhlaba, equkethe ubumnyama bezimfihlakalo ngokusetshenziswa okukhulu kwewayini, umhlatshelo weminikelo, amadansa odlova kanye nemibono. Kodwa njengoba kungekho ukukhanya ngaphandle kobumnyama, ngakho-ke kule mpikiswano into entsha neyayingavamile yazalwa - uhlobo olusha lwezobuciko lwavela izinhlekelele zesiGreki mayelana nezilingo kanye nokulasha komphefumulo womuntu.
I-Dionysus ne-Persephone
UDionysus unkulunkulu waseGrisi lasendulo nePerphonephone - unkulunkulukazi wokuzala, umfazi weHayidese kanye kanye naye inkosi yase-underworld emlandweni wasendulo wamaGreki bahlanganiswa phakathi kwabo ezindabeni eziningana:
- Enye yezinganekwane mayelana nokuzalwa kukaDionysus ikhuluma nge-Persephone njengomama kanina. UZeyus ushiswe ngentshiseko yendodakazi yakhe, ephenduka inyoka, engena ebuhlotsheni naye, okuvela kuyo uDionysus. Ngenye inguqulo, uDionysus wehlela e-underworld futhi unikeza i-myrtle tree ku-Persephone, ukuze umama wakhe akhulule iSeleele. UDionysus unikeza unina igama elisha likaTion futhi uvuka naye ezulwini.
- I-Persephone yayihamba emaphethelweni esiqhingini sasePerg eSicily futhi yathunjwa yiHayidesi (eHayidesi), kwezinye izindawo zithi Zagreem (elinye lamagama kaDionysus) endaweni yabafileyo. Umama uDemeter owayengathandeki isikhathi eside efuna indodakazi encane emhlabeni jikelele, umhlaba waba yinyumba futhi iluhlaza. Lapho ekugcineni ethola ukuthi indodakazi yakhe ingubani, uDemeter wacela uZeyus ukuba ambuyise. IHayidese ivumele umkakhe ahambe, kodwa ngaphambi kwalokho wamnika okusanhlamvu okuyisikhombisa kwegromegranate, ephuma egazini likaDionysus. Endaweni yomuntu oshonile akanakudla lutho, kodwa iPhephonephone, lapho ejabule khona, kumele adle okusanhlamvu. Kusukela ngalesi sikhathi, i- Persephone isebenza entwasahlobo, ehlobo nasekwindla phezulu, nasezinyangeni zasebusika e-underworld.
UDionysus no-Aphrodite
Izinganekwane zikaDionysus kanye nonkulunkulukazi wobuhle u-Aphrodite waziwa ukuthi ngenxa yokuxhunywa kwabo okwesikhashana umntwana obi wazalwa. Indodana kaDionysus no-Aphrodite yayingavamile futhi inonya kangangokuthi unkulunkulukazi omuhle washiya ingane. I-phallus enkulu ka-Priapus yayisesimweni sokumiswa. Njengoba ekhula, uPapap wazama ukudukisa uyise uDionysus. EGreece lasendulo, indodana ka-god of winemaking no-Aphrodite yahlonishwa kwezinye izifundazwe njengonkulunkulu wokuzala.
UDionysus no-Ariadne
Umkakhe nomngane wakhe kaDionysus Ariadne waqale walahlwa nguLeyus othandekayo wakhe cishe. I-Naxos. U-Ariadne wakhala isikhathi eside, wabe eselele. Konke lokhu, uDionysus, owafika esiqhingini, wambuka. U-Eros wakhipha umcibisholo wakhe wothando nomoya ka-Ariadne owashiswa ngothando olusha. Ngesikhathi somshado oyinkimbinkimbi, ikhanda lika-Ariadne lalinomqhele owawunikwa u-Aphrodite yena kanye nezintaba zesiqhingi. Ekupheleni kwalo mkhosi, uDionysus wakhulisa umqhele ezulwini njengesimo sezinkanyezi. UZeyus njengesipho endodaneni yakhe wanikeza u-Ariadne ongenakufa, okwamphakamisa esikhundleni sezintombikazi.
UDionysus no-Arthemisi
Ngenye inkolelo mayelana nothando lukaDionysus no-Ariadne, uNkulunkulu uDionysus ucela u-Artemis, unkulunkulukazi osemusha nohlanzekile ozingelayo ukubulala u-Ariadne, owayemthanda, ngoba wayeshade noLeus endaweni engcwele, u-Ariadne kuphela wayengaba ngumkakhe, ngokuqala kokufa. U-Arthemisi uphonsela umcibisholo e-Ariadne, ovuka ngaleso sikhathi futhi abe umfazi wenkulunkulu wokuzijabulisa nokuzala kukaDionysus.
Ukholo lukaDionysus nobuKristu
Ngokungena kobuKristu eGrisi, inkolo kaDionysus ayizange iphile isikhathi eside, imikhosi eyazinikezelwa kuNkulunkulu yaqhubeka ihlonishwa ngabantu, futhi isonto lamaGreki laphoqelelwa ukuba lilwe ngezindlela zalo, iSt George uGeorge weza esikhundleni sikaDionysus. Izindlu ezingcwele ezazinikezelwa kuBacchus zabhujiswa, futhi endaweni yazo kwakhiwa amasonto angamaKristu. Kodwa ngisho nanamuhla, ngesikhathi sokuvuna kwamagilebhisi, ngamaholide ungabona udumo lukaBacchus.