Isifiso sokwazi ikusasa labo sasikhona njalo, kwakukhona indawo yabaqaphi abangabodwa, kanye nethempeli eliphelele. Manje i-Delphic oracle iyi-phraseology, futhi e-Ancient Greece le nkulumo ibhekisela endaweni ongabuza ngayo umbuzo bese uthola ukubikezela.
Iyini i-oracle ye-Delphic?
Unkulunkulukazi uGaia wayengumnikazi we-oracle, eyayilondolozwe yiDrathon dragon. Isakhiwo sasizuzwa iThemis kuqala, futhi nguFebe, owunika uApollo. Umzukulu waqonda ubuciko bokubhula ngaphansi kobuholi bukaPan, wafika e-oracle futhi waba yinkosi yakhe kuphela, wabulala udrako. Emva kwalokho, kwadingeka abathola abapristi besikhungo sakhe kuphela, ephenduka ihlengethwa futhi etshela abagibeli bomkhumbi ababehlangana nabo ngokuya kwabo. Abasolwandle bahamba baya eParnassus futhi bakhetha i-Delphic oracle, ebizwa ngokuthi isithombe u-Apollo abonakala kubo.
Ukusekela okunjalo kwengqikithi yayisiza izinceku zikaNkulunkulu othakazelisayo ukuba zithandwa futhi zibe nesisindo emphakathini. Ithempeli laba yithandwa, umhlobiso wayo wamangazwa yingcebo - ukuntuleka kwezinkomishi zegolide nezinye izici kwakungekho. Ezweni lasendulo, i-Delphic oracle akuyona nje indawo engcwele onabalingisi bezobuchwepheshe, kodwa futhi isikhungo sezombangazwe. Bobabili abaphathi kanye nabathengisi babefisa ukuthola ukwamukelwa kwemiklamo yabo, ngakho-ke izimpikiswano zabaphathi bezempi nezokuhweba bezandleni zabapristi.
I-Delphic oracle - umlando
Ucwaningo oluvulekile lwabavubukuli lwafakazela ukuthi umsuka wendawo engcwele usengakapheli isikhathi saseGrisi. Usuku oluqondile lwezisekelo zezazi-mlando kunzima ukulubiza, kukholelwa ukuthi i-oracle eDelphi yabonakala phakathi kwekhulu lama-10 nele-9 BC. Ekhulwini le-7 kwakhiwa isonto lamatshe, elashiswa ngo-548 BC, lafakwa esikhundleni sesakhiwo esihle kakhulu kwisitayela seDorian. Kwakukhona iminyaka engu-175 ngaphambi kokuzamazama komhlaba, isakhiwo esisha sakhiwa phakathi kweminyaka engama-369 no-339 BC, iziqongo zalo manje zicwaningwa ngabacwaningi. Isikhathi esihle kunazo zonke senzeke ngekhulu lesi-7 kuya ku-5 BC. Ekugcineni ithempeli lavalwa ngo-279 AD.
Umphristi wesiqu se-Delphic oracle
Okokuqala, iziprofetho zanikezwa kuphela ngosuku lokuzalwa luka-Apollo, bese kuthi ngosuku lwesikhombisa lwenyanga ngayinye, bese zonke izinsuku. Ethempelini ye-Delphic oracle, wonke umuntu wavunyelwa, ngaphandle kwezigebengu. Ngaphambi kokwelashwa lo mbuzo kwakufanele uhambisane nenqubo yokuhlanzwa. UPhithia wanikezela izibikezelo, futhi abapristi bawahumusha. Noma yimuphi owesifazane, ngisho nowesifazane wesifazane oshadile, angaba yi-pythia, kodwa ngemuva kokuthatha isikhundla, wayedinga ukuhlanzeka nokukhonza ngokwezenzo ku-Apollo. Ngaphambi komsebenzi, lo mfundisikazi wahlanza emthonjeni futhi wagqoka izingubo zakhe zegolide.
I-Delphic oracle yanikezwa izinto eziyingozi, okuyinto uPythia engenelela ukucwiliswa esikhathini esizayo. Ngenjabulo wayengakwazi ukukhuluma ngokucacile, ngakho-ke umhumushi wayeyadingeka, ekwazi ukunikeza incazelo kuyo yonke imishwana ekhulunywe. Abalobi basendulo bakwazi ukurekhoda iziprofetho eziningi, ezinye zaziyikhonkri, ezinye zazicabanga.
Delphic oracle noSocrates
Izakhiwo nasezikhathini zasendulo zathola ukubhalwa phansi ezindongeni, i-oracle ka-Apollo eDelphi ingaziqhayisa ngokuthi "Ziyazi wena." Ububungcweti babhekiselwa kubahlakaniphi abahlukene, uPlato wathi le nkulumo isipho kunkulunkulu oqhakazile yanikezwa ngabalingisi abayisikhombisa. Futhi uSocrates uthe la mazwi amholela endleleni yokucwaninga kwefilosofi, umphumela waso isiphetho ngokuthi ungubani phakathi komuntu nomphefumulo, ubiza umzimba ukuthi uyisitsha. Ngakho-ke, enkambeni yolwazi, umuntu kufanele ahlole umphefumulo wakhe.
Delphic oracle - izibikezelo
Akuzona zonke iziprofetho ezahle emlandweni, okulandelayo kwaziwa kabanzi.
- Ukuwela umfula uGalis, uzobhubhisa umbuso omkhulu . Isibikezelo esinjalo samukelwa yiCroesus phakathi nempi nePheresiya. Wabhubhisa umbuso, kodwa owakhe, nabapristi basabela ekuthukutheleni baphendule ukuthi esiprofethweni igama lesimo esinqobile sasingekho.
- Ukulwa nemikhonto yesiliva . U-Delphic oracle wabikezela uFiliphu waseMacedonia ukunqoba kunoma yikuphi ukulwa phambi kwamaqhinga anjalo. Wayengenye yezinhlamvu zemali zegolide zokuqala ezavula amasango azo zonke izinqaba zamaGreki, ezibhekwa zingenakwenzeka.