Umqondo othi "uJanus obhekene nambili" uyaziwa abaningi njengamazwibela, ngokuvamile asetshenziselwa umuntu ongenamqondo, ohlangene nobuso ababili. Ngeshwa, zonke izinzuzo zomlingisi owanikeze igama kule epithet, konke okukhohliwe isikhathi eside futhi ngokungazelelwe.
UJanus obhekene nambili - ngubani lo?
Ezimfundisweni zasendulo zamaRoma, unkulunkulu wesikhathi uJanus, umbusi wamaLatini, uyaziwa. Kusukela kunkulunkulu onamandla onke kaSaturn, wathola ikhono elimangalisayo lokubona okwedlule nangesikhathi esizayo futhi lesi sipho sabonakala ebusweni bukaNkulunkulu - waboniswa ngobuso obubili obuphendukile ezinkomba ezihlukile. Ngakho igama elithi "ubuso obubili", "ubuso obunambili." Njengezo zonke iziqhawe zezinganekwane, inkosi yaseLatium - izwe laseRoma - kancane kancane yaphenduka "umlingisi" wezinhlamvu eziningi:
- umphathi wesikhathi;
- umgcini wazo zonke iziphakamiso kanye nemiphumela;
- unkulunkulu wazo zonke iziqalo nokuphela kokuphela;
- othwala konke okuhle nokubi kuleli zwe.
I-Legend of the Janus ebhekene nambili
Ngaphambi kokukhulekela uJupiter emlandweni wamaRoma, indawo yakhe yayihlala uJanus obhekene nambili - unkulunkulu wesikhathi, owayehola ukuhamba kwelanga. Akenzanga lutho phakathi nokubusa kwakhe emazweni aseRoma, kodwa ngokusho komlando wayenamandla phezu kwemvelo yemvelo kanye nomphathi wabo bonke abaqhawe nemisebenzi yabo. Ngezinye izikhathi umlingiswa wayevezwe ngezihluthu esandleni sakhe, futhi igama lakhe ngesiLatini lihunyushwe ngokuthi "umnyango".
Kukhona umlando wokuthi, ngenxa yokuhlonipha uNkulunkulu, inkosi yesibili yaseRoma uNuma Pompilius yakha ithempeli elinomthunzi webhusi futhi yavula amasango endlu engcwele ngaphambi kwempi. Ngalesi sigameko kwadlula amasosha ekulungele ukuya empini, futhi wabuza unkulunkulu obhekene nobuso bokunqoba. Amasosha ayekholelwa ukuthi lo mboni uzoba nabo ngesikhathi sempi. Ubuso obunkulunkulu bobubili babufanekisela ukuqhubeka nokubuya okunqobayo. Izivalo zethempeli azizange zivaliwe phakathi nempi futhi ngeshwa uMbuso WaseRoma kwavalwa kathathu kuphela.
UJanus - Mythology
UNkulunkulu uJanus ungomunye wabakhulu kunabo bonke emlandweni wamaRoma. Inyanga yekhalenda eyanikezelwa yona nguJanuwari (i- "uyaary"). AmaRoma akholelwa ukuthi abantu abafundiswa abantu ababili abafundile, ngoba ezandleni zakhe babenombhalo obhalisiwe ohambisana nezinsuku zonyaka:
- ngakwesokunene - 300 (CCC);
- ngakwesokunxele - 65 (LXV).
Ezinsukwini zokuqala zonyaka omusha, imikhosi yayiqhutshwa ngokuhlonipha uNkulunkulu, izipho zanikezwa komunye nomunye kanye nezithelo, iwayini, amapayipi ahlatshelwe umhlatshelo, futhi umuntu obaluleke kunazo zonke esifundazweni wayengumpristi ophakeme ozinikela ngenkunzi emhlophe yezulu. Kamuva, yonke imihlatshelo, njengasekuqaleni kwecala ngalinye, kwakunqotshwa onkulunkulu ababili abahlomile. Wayebhekwa njengabaluleke kakhulu kunabo bonke abanye abalingiswa bezwe lamaRoma futhi wayengabonakali nanoma yiliphi lamaqhawe ezinkolelo zamaGreki.
UJanus noVesta
Ukukhulekela unkulunkulu wesikhathi akuhlukaniswanga no-Vesta unkulunkulukazi, umgcini wendawo. Uma uJanus obhekene namacala amaningi efanisa iminyango (nayo yonke iminyango nokuphuma), u-Vesta wabe eseqaphele ukuthi kwakungaphakathi. Wathwala amandla okubusisa omlilo emakhaya. I-Veste yanikezwa indawo emnyango wendlu, ngaphandle komnyango, owabizwa ngokuthi "vestibulum." Unkulunkulukazi naye ukhulunywe ngaso sonke isikhathi ekuhlatshelweni. Ithempeli lakhe lalikhona esithangamini elibhekene neThempeli lamabili-ebhekene nalo futhi kwakukhona njalo umlilo.
UJanus no-Epimetheus
Unkulunkulu wamaRoma uJanus no-titan u-Epimetheus, owaba ngowokuqala ukuthola intombazane evela kuZeyus, abahlanganyeli emlandweni, kodwa abalingiswa banikeza amagama ama-satellite amabili eplanethi iSaturn, esiseduze kakhulu. Ibanga eliphakathi kwenyanga yesihlanu nelithandathu lingama-50 km kuphela. I-satellite yokuqala, okuthiwa "unkulunkulu obhekene nobuso ababili", yatholwa izazi zezinkanyezi ngo-1966, futhi ngemva kweminyaka engu-12 itholakala ukuthi sonke lesi sikhathi kukhona izinto ezimbili ezihamba ngezinyawo eziseduze. Ngakho, uJanus obhekene nobuningi futhi uyinyanga kaSaturn, unobuso obubili ngempela.
Ubunkulunkulu obuningi bamaRoma, uJanus obhekene nobuso ababili, babonakala bengabonakali kunkulunkulu ngamunye abazungezile futhi banika amandla angaphezu kwamandla. Wayehlonishwa njengengqondo, umbusi onobulungisa, umgcini wesikhathi. Ubuso obubili bulahlekelwe isikhundla sakhe futhi budlulisele ku-Jupiter, kodwa lokhu akuvimbeli ebuhleni bomlingiswa. Namuhla, leli gama alibizwa ngokungafanele ngokuthi abantu abaphansi, abakhohlisayo, bazenzisi, kodwa amaRoma asendulo awazange enze lo mqondo kule hero.