Ngisho nasekhaya lokubeletha, abazali abasha abathandwayo kufanele bathathe isinqumo ngesinqumo: "Ukugonywa kwezinsana - zenze noma cha." Uma odokotela ngokwabo bengakakulungeli ukuphendula lo mbuzo ngokungacacile, udinga ukwenza imishanguzo yezinhlelo ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa, kuthiwani ngabazali abangenayo imfundo ekhethekile yezokwelapha?
Namuhla, akekho onelungelo lokukuphoqelela ukuba ugonywe ngesisekelo esiyimpoqo, ngakho-ke ungabhala esigcini sokubeletha ngokunqatshwa kwamagciwane kumntwana osanda kuzalwa. Kodwa ukuze unqume ukuthi uzokwenza noma cha, kufanele wazi mayelana "nezinzuzo" eziyinhloko futhi "ngokumelene" ne-inoculation nemikhankaso yokulwa nokugoma, kanye nendlela yokulungiselela kahle ukugoma.
Uhlelo lokugoma olujwayelekile lwezingane ezisanda kuzalwa
- Usuku olulunye - u-hepatitis B;
- Usuku lwe-3-7 - isifo sofuba (BCG);
- Inyanga eyodwa - i-hepatitis B;
- Izinyanga ezintathu - i-DTP (i-pertussis, i-diphtheria, i-tetanus, i-poliomyelitis, i-hemophilia infection);
- Izinyanga ezingu-4 - i-DTP;
- Izinyanga ezingu-5 - i-DTP;
- Izinyanga ezingu-6 - isibindi B;
- Izinyanga ezingu-12 - isishukela, i-rubella, i-parotitis;
- Izinyanga ezingu-18 - i-DTP;
- Uneminyaka engu-6 ubudala - i-DTP.
Yimiphi imishanguzo eyenziwa esibhedlela?
Ukusuka kwesifo sofuba (BCG) nokusukela esibhedlela B.
Yini enikeza umzimba inoculation?
Ephendula ekusungulweni komuthi wokugoma, umzimba uveza ama-antibodies azosiza isilwane esigciniwe ukuze adlulisele isifo esibi kangcono kunokugonywa.
Uma imishanguzo yengane ingaba nemiphumela emibi?
Izici ezimbili ezibalulekile zibalulekile lapha:
- umgomo wokuphumula omncane (umkhiqizi ongenamanga noma izimo zokugcina ezingalungile zomuthi wokugoma),
- ukulungisa okungalungile kwengane ngokugoma.
Ngeshwa, abazali abakwazi ukuhlola njalo ikhwalithi yomuthi wokugoma, noma kunjalo, bangakulungisa ingane yokugoma.
Indlela yokulungiselela ukugoma okujwayelekile?
- Qinisekisa ukuthi umntwana unempilo. Ingozi enkulu yokugoma ingabangela ukuba umzimba ukhululeke. Uma ingane ngesikhathi sokugoma igula ne-ARI, ukushayisana ngegciwane elisha kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinzima. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuya ku-inoculation elandelayo, qiniseka ukuthi ingane izwa kahle. Ukulinganisa kwezinsuku ezintathu ngaphambi kokushisa lokugoma, phawula ukuthi kwakukhona ukukhwehlela, kubanda. Futhi uma ubona izifo, qiniseka ukuthi wazisa udokotela.
- Hamba okuningi, kodwa unciphise oxhumana nabo. Ungavakashele izikhungo zomphakathi ngaphambi nangemva kokugoma. Zama ukuhlala emgqeni phambi kwehhovisi likadokotela (kungcono ukubuza othile ezihlotsheni ukuba atshintshele ukuze abone udokotela, futhi asebenzise isikhathi ngaphambi kokuxhunyelelwa emoyeni omusha). Ngemuva kokugoma, akukho cala elizothunyelwa esitolo, isisombululo esihle kakhulu ukuhamba okuncane. Futhi, ngesikhathi "umkhankaso wokugoma", wenqaba ukwamukela izivakashi kusihlwa nangemva kokugoma. Isivakashi ngasinye - ukwesatshiswa kwegciwane elisha, esimweni esingavinjelwe, ingane yakhe iyodlula, kepha ngenkathi elwa negciwane lokugoma, ungenzi umsebenzi wakhe.
- Ungafaki ukudla okusha ekudleni komntwana. Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, isilwane esinegciwane sinomsebenzi okwenziwa ezinsukwini ezilandela ukugoma. Ungalilayishi ngokudla okungavamile, futhi futhi nokudla okunzima, unciphisa izilonda. I-Chocolate, amaswidi, imifino ebomvu nezithelo, ubisi, imikhiqizo yokubhema - zonke lezi zinto, mhlawumbe, ziyoveza isimo sengane esesabekayo, kodwa kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi kakhulu. Ukudla ngaphandle "kwemikhiqizo eyinkimbinkimbi" kufanele kulandelwe, okungenani, izinsuku ezintathu ngaphambi kokugoma kanye nezinsuku ezintathu emva kwalo.
- Lungisa isifo sofuba. Uma ingane ibhekene ne-atopic dermatitis noma i-asthma ekhanda, izinsuku ezintathu ngaphambi nangaphakathi kwezinsuku ezintathu emva kokugoma, ingane kufanele inikezwe i-antihistamine efanelekile. Ngaphambi kokugoma kwalezi zinsana, i-fenistil, i-zirtek noma i-erius inqunywe.
- Uphuza okuningi, kodwa ungadli amandla. Njengoba ngesikhathi se-ARI, ngemuva kokugoma, ingane kufanele inikwe uketshezi oluningi futhi ingamcindezeli ukuba adle ngokumelene nentando yakhe. Qaphela kulabo abathandayo ukuze banciphise ukucindezeleka. Uma usana olusanda kuzalwa
ukukhala emva kokugoma, ungayithinti, ukuxuba isimo esicindezelayo ngomzwelo wendlala. Kuyoba ngcono uma echitha isikhathi esiningi ezandleni zakho kunokuba adle okungaphezulu. - Sebenzisa isikhathi esengeziwe nengane. Ukwesaba ngokweqile kwengane emva kokugoma kungasuswa, kumnike isikhathi esincane nje kunokujwayelekile. Ungesabi ukummisa ngalezi zinsuku, kancane kancane ukuze uphelele ezandleni zakhe, ubambe ngamadolo, uhlale ethule.
- Gcina i-febrifuge ilungile. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi ngemuva kokugoma ingane inomkhuhlane ongaphezu kwama-38 degrees, umntwana osanda kuzalwa kufanele anikezwe i-antipyretic; i-antipyretic ingcono kakhulu kulezi zinhloso ezisekelwe ku-paracetamol. Ungesabi, ngoba umkhuhlane uvame ukubhekana nokugoma.