- Ikheli: 00120, i-Vatican
- Ifoni: +39 06 6988 3860
- Indawo: Palazzo
- Isayithi lamaMyuziyamu aseVatican: http://www.museivaticani.va
I-Apostolic Palace eVatican yiyona "indawo yokuhlala" esemthethweni kaPapa. Kubizwa nangokuthi iPapal Palace, iSigodlo saseVatican , negama layo elisemthethweni yiNdlu kaSixtus V. Empeleni, lesi akusona isakhiwo esisodwa, kodwa "yonke iqoqo" lamakhosikazi, amasonto, amasonto, amamyuziyamu kanye nemidwebo eyenziwe ngezikhathi ezahlukene ngezindlela ezahlukene. Zonke zazo zizungeze uCortile di Sisto V.
Kukhona iNdlovu YamaPhostoli eNyakatho-mpumalanga yeSt. Peter's Cathedral . Eceleni kwalo kukhona izinto ezimbili ezidumile - isigodlo sikaGregorio XIII kanye noBastion of Nicholas V.
Umlando omncane
Lapho impela izakhiwo zabaPhostoli zakhiwa, aziwa kahle, idatha ihluke kakhulu: ezinye izazi-mlando zikholelwa ukuthi ezinye izingxenye zaseningizimu, ingxenye enkulu kunazo zonke zakhiwa ngasekupheleni kwe-III - ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-IV phakathi nokubusa kukaConstantine Omkhulu, abanye - ukuthi " encane "futhi yakhiwa ngekhulu le-VI. Le colonade iqala ngekhulu lesishiyagalombili, futhi ngo-1447 ngaphansi kwePapa uNicholas V izakhiwo ezindala zabhujiswa kakhulu, futhi kwakhiwa indlu emisha endaweni yabo ("ngokuhlanganyela" kwezinye izakhi zakudala). Kwaqedwa futhi kwavuselelwa kaningi, kuze kube sekupheleni kwekhulu le-16 - kakhulu, kepha ngekhulu lama-20 futhi kwaqedwa (isibonelo, ngaphasi kwePapa Pius XI insimu ehlukile yokungena emnyuziyamu yakhiwa).
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Raphael's Staats
Amakamelo amancane amane, aqoshwe nguRafael nabafundi bakhe, abizwa ngokuthi uStanze di Rafaello - Raphael's Stantsi (igama elithi "stanza" lihunyushwa njengekamelo). La makamelo ahlotshiswe ngumyalelo kaPapa uJulius II - wabakhetha njengendawo yokuhlala yangasese, engafuni ukuhlala emakamelweni ahlala kuyo ngaphambi kuka-Alexander VI. Kukhona umlando wokuthi ezinye zezithombe ezisezindongeni sezikhona kakade, kodwa uJulius, owashaya ikhono likaRafael, wayala ukuba aqoqe yonke imidwebo futhi wayala umdwebi ukuba agcwalise igumbi - nakuba uRafael ngaleso sikhathi wayeneminyaka engu-25 kuphela.
Ikamelo lokuqala libizwa ngokuthi iStanza del Senatura; yilo kuphela elilodwa lezine eligcinwe igama lokuqala - konke okushiwo manje kuyisihloko esiyinhloko samafresho abahlobisa. Isignesha ekuhumusheni isho "isibonakaliso", "faka uphawu" - ikamelo lenziwe njengehhovisi, lapho ubaba efunda amaphepha athunyelwe kuye, asayine futhi asayine uphawu lwakhe ngesignali.
Umculi wachaza igumbi esikhathini esivela ku-1508 kuya ku-1511, sinikezelwe ekuziphatheni komuntu, kanti ukumbumbulula okungama-4 kumelela izinkomba ezine zomsebenzi onjalo: ifilosofi, ubulungiswa, isonto kanye nezinkondlo.
Umdwebo weStanza d'Eliodoro wenziwa kusukela ngo-1511 kuya ku-1514; Isihloko semiidwebo yi-patronage yaphezulu eyalelwe iSonto kanye nezikhonzi zayo.
Isigaba sesithathu sabizwa ngokuthi i-Incendio di Borgo - enye yamafrescoes, ekhombisa umlilo emzaneni waseBorgo, eduze nendlu yasePapa. Wonke amafresco lapha azinikele ezenzweni zamapapa (kufaka phakathi i-fresco ezinikezelwe emlilweni - ngokusho komlando, uPapa Leo wakwazi ukumisa isiphambano hhayi nje ukwethuka, kodwa futhi nomlilo). Umsebenzi wakhe wokudweba wenziwa kusukela ngo-1514 kuya ku-1517.
Isigaba sokugcina - Sala di Konstantino - sase siphelile abafundi bakaRafael, kusukela ngo-1520 umculi washona. Ukubunjwa kuzinikele emzabalazweni wombusi wokuqala wamaRoma wamaRoma uConstantine namaqaba.
I-Belvedere Palace
I-Belvedere Palace ibizwa ngokuthi isithombe se-Apollo Belvedersky, esilondolozwe khona. Namuhla esigodlweni yi- museum kaPius-Clement . Ngaphandle kwesithombe esaziwa emhlabeni wonke se-Apollo, kunezinye izinto eziningi zobuciko, kuhlanganise nesithombe sikaLaocoon, i-Aphrodite kaCnidus, i-Antinous yeBelvedere, i-Perseus ka-Antonio Canova, i-Hercules, nezinye izithombe ezidumile ezifanayo.
Ngokuphelele, le myuziyamu iqukethe imidwebo engaphezu kuka-8: iHholo lezilwane linezigcawu ezingaba ngu-150 ezibonisa izigcawu ezihlukahlukene nezilwane (ezinye zazo ziyikhophi yezithombe ezidumile ze-antique, ezinye zibuyiselwe ngumdwebi wase-Italy uFrancesco Franconi); Nakhu, phakathi kwabanye, isithombe sokuqala sesiGrisi esichaza isibhamu seMinotaur. EHholo lamaMuses kunezithombe ezibonisa ama-Apollo nama-muses angu-9. Lezi zithombe ziyizinhlamvu zamaGreki zasendulo ezivela ekhulwini lesi-3 BC. Nansi ukukhishwa kwesigodi saseBelvedere nezithombe ezidumile zezibalo zamaGreki zasendulo, kuhlanganise nePericles. IHhovisi leMus liyi-octagonal shape, elizungezwe ngamakholomu enegunya le-Corinthian. Ukukhathalela okuncane kunemifanekiso, ngokwenza ukudweba kwe-Tomaszo Konka, uqhubeka isihloko esihlotshwe yizithombe, futhi sibonisa i-Muses ne-Apollo, kanye nezimbongi zasendulo ezidumile - isiGreki nesiRoma.
Umdwebo wezindonga zegalari yezithombe wenziwe nguPinturicchio nabafundi bakhe. Nazi izifanekiso zonkulunkulukazikazikazikazikazikazi, ababusi bamaRoma (u-Augustus, uMarcus Aurelius, uNero, uCaracalla, njll.), Abelusikazi kanye nezakhamuzi ezivamile, kanye namakhophi ezithombe zakudala zesiGreki. Okuphambene nendawo yegalari ihlotshiswe ngemifanekiso emibili edumile: iJupiter esihlalweni sobukhosi nokulala no-Ariadne, futhi ngaphandle kwabo ungabona izithombe ezifana noDrunken Satyr, IsiLilo sePenelope nabanye. EHholo leBusts kunamabhasi ezakhamuzi zaseRoma ezidumile kanye nonkulunkulu wasendulo, kuhlanganise nokukhululeka okukhulu kwe-Cater and Portia. Ingqikithi ehholo inezingodo ezingaba ngu-100 namafresco we-Renaissance.
Okufanelekile ukushiwo yiHholo le-Cross Cross (elibizwa ngokuthi yi-figure elimelela ngokwemibandela), i-Mask Cabinet, i-Rotunda nekhamera enkulu yama-monolithic porphyry ebekwe kuyo, iKhabhinethi ka-Apoximen.
Ngaphambi kweNdlu yaseBelvedere kukhona umthombo onjenge- cone - umsebenzi kaPirro Ligorio, futhi indawo lapho ukhona kuthiwa yiGceke lasePinnia . Kuze kube sekuqaleni kwekhulu le-17, i-cone yayihlobisa i-Field of Mars eParis, kodwa ngo-1608 yathunyelwa eVatican futhi ifakwe phambi komnyango weNdlu yaseBelvedere. Kuyinto inkolelo yokudalwa kwezwe.
Ngaphezu kwesigqoko, isikwele sihlotshiswe ngokuqoshwa kwamasimanje okwamanje. Sfera con Sfera - "Sphere emkhakheni" ngu-Arnaldo Pomodoro, owasungulwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-90 ekhulwini lokugcina. Umkhakha wesibhafa wangaphandle wamamitha amane uqukethe indawo ejikelezayo yangaphakathi, lapho kubonakala khona iphethini, kubonakala "emigodini" kanye "nezimbobo" ezingxenyeni zangaphandle. Ubeka umhlaba eMhlabeni wonke futhi ubiza ukuba acabange iqiniso lokuthi konke okubhubhisayo okubangela iplanethi yakhe ithola impendulo ezweni langaphandle.
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I-Sistine Chapel
I-Sistine Chapel yakhiwa ngesikhathi sokubusa kukaPapa uSixtus IV (ukwakhiwa kwaqala ngo-1473 futhi yaqedwa ngo-1481) futhi yaqanjwa igama layo ngenhlonipho yakhe, futhi ngosuku lwe-Ascension of the Virgin Mary ngo-Agasti 15, 1483, yahlanjululwa. Ngaphambi kwakhe, kule ndawo kwakukhona esinye isonto, lapho kwakuzohlanganiswa khona inkantolo yamapapa. Umqondo wokwakha isonto elisha, eliqinile futhi elikwazi ukubhekana nokuvinjezelwa, uma kunesidingo, kuphakama eSixtus IV ngokuphathelene nezinsongo eziqhubekayo zokuhlaselwa ogwini lwaseMpumalanga ye-Italy yi-Ottoman sultan Mehmed II, futhi ngenxa yesongo lobubhikisho kusukela ku-Signoria Medici.
Kodwa-ke, ukuqinisekiswa kwaqina, futhi umhlobiso we-chapel nawo awukhohliwe: udonga lwama-wall alukwenziwa nguSandro Boticelli, uPenturikkio nabanye abaculi abadumile ngaleso sikhathi. Kamuva, kakade nePapa uJulius II, uMichelangelo wabulala umdwebo wendlu (kubonisa ukudalwa kwezwe), izigqoko zokugqoka kanye nokwehla. Emaceleni amane aveza izindaba zeBhayibheli "Inyoka Yomlilo", "UDavid noGoliyathi", "Kara Kara" kanye "noJudith noHolofernes." UMichelangelo wenza umsebenzi ngesikhathi esifushane, naphezu kokuthi yena ngokwakhe wazibeka njengomdwebi, hhayi njengomdwebi, ngaphandle kwalokho, ngesikhathi somsebenzi kwakukhona ubunzima obuhlukahlukene (amanye amafrescos kwakudingeka ahlulwe ngoba ayembozwe nge-plaster - wet, lapho basebenziselwa khona, baboniswa ekwakheni isikhunta, kamuva kwasetshenziswa esinye isidumbu, futhi amafresco aqoshwe kabusha).
Lapho sekuqedile umsebenzi wokudweba u-Okthoba 31, 1512, izigqoko ezitholakala ekhanda elisha (ngosuku olufanayo nangehora elilodwa eminyakeni engama-500 kamuva, ngo-2012, iVespers yaphindaphindiwe nguPapa Benedict XVI). Akumangalisi ukuthi kwakunguMichelangelo owayephathwe umdwebo odongeni lwe-altare. Imisebenzi yenziwe ngumnikazi kusukela ku-1536 kuya ku-1541; Emdongeni kukhona indawo yeSahlulelo Sokugcina.
Kusukela ngo-1492 - ne-conclave, lapho uPapa ekhethwe khona uRodrigo Borgia, owaba uPapa Alexander VI-eSistine Chapel njalo wayephethe iziqu.
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Izindawo zePapa
Indlu lapho upapa ehlala khona futhi esebenza phezulu; Amanye amafasitela abheka iSt Peter's Square . Zineamakamelo amaningana - ihhovisi, ikamelo likamabhalane, igumbi lokumamukela, ikamelo lokulala, igumbi lokuphumula, igumbi lokudlela, ikhishi. Futhi kukhona umtapo omkhulu, i-chapel kanye nehhovisi lezokwelapha, okubalulekile elinikezwe iminyaka lapho amakhadididi avame ukukhethwa ngabapapa. Kodwa-ke, umbhishobhi uFrancis washiya amakamelo asemapapa futhi wahlala endaweni yokuhlala yaseSanta Marta, ehostlini ezimbili.
Esigodlweni sezithunywa zevangeli kukhona enye "yamapapa" - amafulethi asePapa Alexander VI - eBorgia. Namuhla ziyingxenye yeLabhulali yaseVatican , evulekile kubavakashi, eheha ukunakwa okukhethekile emidwebo eyenziwe yi-Pinturicchio.
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Ungavakashela kanjani iNdlovu yamaPhostoli?
Ungavakashela iSigodlo Sezithunywa Zevangeli emasontweni naseMgqibelo kusukela ngo 9-00 kuya ku-18-00. Ithikithi elidala libiza ama-euro ayi-16, ungayithenga ehhovisi letikiti ngaphambi kuka-16-00. NgeSonto lokugcina lenyanga le museum ingavakashelwa kusuka 9-00 kuya ku-12-30 ngokuphelele mahhala.