Ukulimala kwesikhathi eside kuyisifo esiyingozi kakhulu samazambane, utamatisi nezitshalo ezihlobene. Uma kwenzeka umonakalo, isivuno saso sinciphise ngo-70%. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kwezilimo eziyizigaxa ngaphambi kokutshala kusuka ku-phytophthora kuyindlela ebaluleke kakhulu esiza ukuvimbela ukulahlekelwa kwezitshalo ezizayo.
Ukulwa namazambane phytophthora
Lapho lesi sifo samazambane nge phytophthora sithinta nezilimo eziyizigaxa zayo, amaqabunga neziqu. Okokuqala, izibonakaliso zesifo ziyabonakala ezinhlathini zemifino. Amaqabunga amnyama avela emaqabungeni aphansi kanye nezingxenye ezihlukene ze-stem, ezanda ngokushesha. Khona-ke kuholela ekumeni nasekumiseni amaqabunga, futhi esimweni somswakama - ukuwabola. Kuzilimo eziyizigaxa, i-phytophthora ibonakala ngesimo se-grayish, bese isundu, izindawo ezinzima. Kulesi simo, i-necrosis enesibindi iyasakazeka ngaphakathi kwe-tuber.
Ukukhula kokulimala kwelanga kwenzeka ngokushesha kakhulu. Emoyeni epholile futhi enomswakama, lesi sifo singabhubhisa izitshalo esakhiweni emavikini angu-1-2.
Ukuvimbela ukutholakala kwesifo kuzosiza ukwelashwa kwembewu yamazambane ngaphambi kokutshala kusuka ku-phytophthora.
Indlela yokuphatha amazambane kusuka ku-phytophthora ngaphambi kokutshala?
Isinyathelo sokuqala siyoba isheke eliphelele lezinto zokuhlunga imbewu ukuze kutholakale izilimo eziyizigaxa ezingenalo igciwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, cishe lesi sifo sizoba khona.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunakekelwa kakhulu endaweni yokutshala amazambane. Isayithi kufanele likhethwe kahle futhi lime ngokushesha emva kwemvula. Njengomthetho, i-foci yesifo isheshe ivuke eduze nendawo yokuhlala yamabhande ehlathini, ezindaweni eziphansi ensimini. Esiteshini akufanele kube khona izigxobo zamandla. Isizathu sokubukeka kwe-phytophthora kumazambane kungaba nesifo esivela kumatamatisi izithombo, ezithintekile yilesi sifo. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukubahlukanisa ukutshala kwabo komunye nomunye.
Ukuhluma ngaphambi kokutshala kwezilimo eziyizigaxa kufanele kwenziwe. Lokhu kuzothuthukisa inqubo yokuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo nokunciphisa amathuba okubhujiswa kwabo ngokulimala kwesikhathi.
Ukusetshenziselwa amazambane okuvela ku-phytophthors kwenziwa ngamalungiselelo alandelayo:
- I-Maxim, KS;
- I-Phytosporin;
- I-Ridomil Gold MC;
- I-Bravo;
- Shirlan;
- UDitan M-45.
Ukwelashwa kwezilimo eziyizigaxa zamazambane ngalezi zilungiselelo ezikhethekile kuzobambezela ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo izinsuku ezingu-10-14. Lesi yisilinganiso esidingekayo sokuvikela isivuno sakho esizayo.