I-vasculitis enegazi emzimbeni yisifo esithinta ngokuyinhloko ama-capillary esikhumba, kanye nemithambo yegazi yegciwane lokugaya, amalunga nezinso. Kungenxa yeqembu le-immunocomplex i-vasopathies ye-allergen ye-infectious nature. Ukuqala kokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo kungenzeka kunoma yikuphi ubudala, kodwa, njengoba umthetho, izingane ezincane kakhulu (ezineminyaka engama-3 ubudala) zihlupheka ngenxa yalesi sifo ngokungajwayelekile.
Ngokuvamile, i-vasculitis itholakala ezinganeni ezineminyaka engu-4 kuya kweyishumi nambili.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-vasculitis enegazi elimnyama, ehlukile ekubonakalweni kwazo kanye nemvelo. Ngakho-ke, i-vasopathy ihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili: i-Hippel-Landau isifo, i-Ehlers-Danlo syndrome, i-Kazabaha-Merrita syndrome, iLouis-Bar, njll) futhi yathola (isifo se-vasculitis esinokwemvelo ehlukahlukene, ama-vasopathies anesifo sofuba, ama-hypovitaminous and infectious, njll).
I-Vasculitis i-hemorrhagic: izimbangela
Lesi sifo sibangelwa ukulimala ezindongeni ze-capillary kanye nokwanda komfutho wezimpahla njengento yonke, kanye nokuvuselelwa kwesistimu ehambisanayo kanye nokwanda kwenani lama-immune complexes akhiqizwa.
Ngokuvamile, ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo kuqala isikhathi esithile emva kwesifo esithathelwanayo (i-ARVI, i-tonsillitis, i-red fever, njll). Ngezinye izikhathi ukuthuthukiswa kwe-vasculitis kulandelwa ukungahambisani nokudakwa kwezidakamizwa (noma ezinye izinhlobo zokubhekana nokugula), i-hypothermia, ukugoma, ukuhlukunyezwa.
Izimpawu ze-vasculitis ezinganeni
Ezimweni eziningi kakhulu, isibonakaliso sokuqala saleso sifo sibonakala ukuqubuka komzimba obomvu obomvu. I-foci of rashes: amafolda emilenze, amathanga, indawo ezungeze amalunga. Ngokuvamile kubonakala kuqhuma ubuso, izintende nezinyawo, isiqu. Ngemuva kokudlula kokushisa, izindawo ezimbi ezibomvu zihlala endaweni yayo, eziqala ukuqeda ukuphindaphinda kwesifo.
Isibonakaliso esilandelayo esivamile kakhulu umonakalo ohlangene. Kubonakala kusukela ngesonto lokuqala lokugula. Ubuhlobo nobude bezinhlungu buhlukile kakhulu, amalunga amakhulu kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ama-ankle namadolo, athintekile. Kulokhu, ukuqhuma okuhlangene, kodwa akukho ukukhubazeka okusebenzayo nokuphazamiseka kwezicubu ezingenakunyakaziswa.
Uphawu lwesithathu oluvame kakhulu kakhulu ubuhlungu besisu. Ungabonisa noma unqobe isikhumba namalungu. Ukuhlaselwa ubuhlungu kungaphinda ngokuphindaphindiwe usuku lonke, ngaphandle kokusendaweni okucacile. Ngokuvamile, ukucabangela, ukuhlanza, nomkhuhlane nakho kubonakala. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukuphuma kwegastric noma emathunjini kungenzeka.
Ngezinye izikhathi nge-vasculitis enegazi elimnandi, inkunzi noma ezinye izitho (amaphaphu, inhliziyo, izitsha zobuchopho) ziyathinteka. Ubukhulu bezilonda zingase zihluke kakhulu - kusukela ezincane, kuya ezilinganisweni kanye nezimo ezinzima.
I-vasculitis ene-Hemorrhagic ezinganeni: ukwelashwa
Imvelo kanye nezindlela zokwelapha ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi isigaba nesimo sesifo (icala lokuqala, ukubuyela emuva kwesifo noma isikhathi sokuxoxwa), embukisweni wemitholampilo nangokweqile, nangesikhathi kanye nemvelo yenkambo yesifo. Kodwa kusengenzeka ukuthi ungayitholi inqubo evamile, yokwelapha evamile.
Kuzo zonke izinhlobo zesifo, kusetshenziselwa ama-antigregregants. Nika i-kurantil (i-persanthin, i-dipyridamole) izikhathi ezine ngosuku ngesilinganiso esingu-5-8 mg kilogram ngayinye yesisindo somzimba, i-trental (i-agapurine, i-pentoxifylline) izikhathi ezingu-3 ngosuku nge-5-10 mg / kg isisindo somzimba. Ezimweni ezinzima, zombili izinhlobo zezidakamizwa zingenziwa ngesikhathi esisodwa. Isikhathi senkambo yokwelapha singase sihluke - kusukela ezinyangeni ezimbili kuya kwezingu-12, kuye ngokuthi ubuhlungu besifo. Uma ifomu elingapheli liqoka izifundo eziphindaphindiwe ngezikhathi ezithile (izinyanga ezintathu noma zonke izinyanga eziyisithupha).
Ama-anti-coagulants asetshenziselwa umthamo ngamunye, i-activator ye-fibrinolysis, i-enterosorbents, i-glucocorticosteroids, i-membrane stabilizers, i-cytostatics, i-antihistamines. Ukwelashwa kwe-Transfusion ne-plasmapheresis nazo zisetshenziswa. Ukukhethwa kwezidakamizwa nezindlela zokwelapha kufanele kwenziwe kuphela udokotela,
Ukuvimbela isifo se-vasculitis
Indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuvimbeleni lesi sifo ukuvimbela, ukuvimbela ukukhushulwa kwezifo ezithathelwanayo, ukuzihlukanisa nezilonda. Iziguli azenzi amasampula ngama-antigens amabhaktheriya (ukuhlolwa kwe-Burne, tuberculin, njll). Ukuvimbela i-vasculitis enegazi elimangalisayo ebantwaneni kubalulekile ukuba ne-hypoallergenic, ukungabi nokudla, ukudla okunomsoco okugcwele nokuphila okunempilo.