Ngesonto lama-21 lokukhulelwa, umama olindelekile kufanele abe ne-dopplerometry yezintambo zomzimba. Lolu cwaningo luqhutshwa ukukhomba inani lemikhumbi yezintambo zomzimba kanye nokuthola izinkomba zezibalo zokugeleza kwegazi kuzo. Kubalulekile ukukhomba ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukukhulelwa nokuthuthukiswa komntwana.
Ngokuvamile kwenzeka, leyo ngxenye yalesisimo ihambisana nokuhlangenwe nakho okunamandla komama ozayo. Ngeshwa, odokotela bavame ukunikeza isiguli (esimweni sethu-isiguli) isiphetho esinomqondo omile, ngaphandle kokuchaza noma yini. Kudingekile ukuthi owesifazane azifune ngokuzimela izimpendulo zemibuzo: bangaki, empeleni, kufanele intambo ibe nencingo yomzimba futhi kufanele isebenze kanjani, lezi zitsha zezintambo. Sizozama ukuchaza okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka.
Inombolo yemikhumbi emgqeni we-umbilical
Intambo yomzimba uhlobo oluthile lwe "intambo" ehlanganisa umzimba womama kanye nesisu, noma ngaphezulu, izinhlelo zabo zokujikeleza. Ngokujwayelekile, intambo yomzimba inemikhumbi engu-3: i-vein 1 ne-2 arteries. Nge-vein, igazi elenziwe nge-oksijeni enezakhi ezisuka emzimbeni kamama ngokusebenzisa i-placenta ingena egazini lomntwana, futhi phakathi kwemithambo, igazi nemikhiqizo yobomi besikhathi esizayo ingane iya e-placenta bese iya emzimbeni womama.
Yiziphi iziphambeko ezivela kumkhuba?
Ngo-0.5% we-singleton futhi ngo-5% wokukhulelwa okuphindaphindiwe, odokotela baxilonga "i-EAP" (umthamo kuphela wethambo ye-umbilical). Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngalesi simo intambo yomzimba inemikhumbi emibili esikhundleni se-3.
Ukungabi khona kwe-artery eyodwa kungukuqala, noma kuthuthukiswe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa (okungukuthi, kwakungukuthi, kodwa ku-atrophied futhi yeka ukwenza umsebenzi wayo). Isifo sikashukela kubesifazane abakhulelwe sandisa amathuba e-EAP.
Ingabe kuyingozi?
Iningi odokotela bakholelwa ukuthi i-EAP ingaba uphawu lwama-chromosomal ajwayelekile. Kulesi simo, ukuhlolwa kokubeletha kudinga ukwandiswa, ukuze kubonakale izinkinga zokuzalwa komntwana. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma, ngaphezu kwe-EAP, ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound kukhombisa ukuthi kukhona noma yikuphi ukukhubazeka okungezansi kokubeletha noma ukukhubazeka kwesisu, kunamathuba (angaba ngu-30%) ukuthi le-fetus ine-chromosomal engavamile. Uma kucatshangwa ukuthi kukhona i-chromosomal anomaly, kubalulekile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ukuze kwenziwe ngokuphindaphindiwe isifundo seDoppler sokugeleza kwegazi emthonjeni wezintambo zomzimba. Ukukala kwegazi lokuhamba kwegazi ku-artery ombilical ngokunemba kwe-76-100% kuvumela ukubikezela ukutholakala noma ukungabikho kokukhubazeka kokuthuthukiswa komntwana.
Ezimweni eziningi (60-90% kokukhulelwa) kwezehlakalo ze-EAP kuyisici esingasese (esingenakuhambisana nezinye izinto ezingavamile), futhi lokhu akuyingozi. Yiqiniso, umthwalo esitsheni esisodwa ungaphezu kwamabili, kodwa umthamo owodwa ngokuvamile uvame ukusebenza kahle. Ngama-14-15% kuphela amacala, ukutholakala kwe-artery eyodwa kwandisa ingozi yokuzalwa kwengane encane.
Ayinalo ithonya elikhulu ekusebenzeni kokuzalwa. Uma udokotela nombelethisi ohamba phambili bekwaziswa ngesiphambeko esikhona, asikho isizathu sokukhathazeka. Ungaqiniseka ukuthi udokotela oqeqeshiwe uzokhetha amaqhinga afanele ekwenzeni umsebenzi, okuzoqinisekisa ukuphepha komama nengane kanye nomphumela ophephile wokusebenza.