I-Serengeti National Park

• Ikheli: Serengeti, Tanzania
• Ifoni: +255 27 250 3471
• Indawo: 14,750 km²
• Idethi yesisekelo : 1951.

I-Serengeti National Park ( eTanzania ) ingenye yezinqolobane ezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Itholakala ensimini ye-Great African Rift, indawo yayo ingu-14 763 km ² . Lona kanye igama elithi "serengeti" lihunyushwa kusukela olimini lwaseMasai ngokuthi "amathafa angenamkhawulo".

Yini ethakazelisayo ngepaki?

"I-Serengeti Park" yaqala nge-zakaznik encane enezindawo ezingu-3.2 kuphela. km ngo-1921. Kamuva, ngo-1929, kwanda kakhulu. Ngo-1940, indawo yokugcina indawo yayihlonzwa njengensimu evikelekile (noma kunjalo, "ukuvikelwa" kwenziwa ikakhulukazi ephepheni ngokuqondene nezinkinga ezithile ezibonakalayo). Eminyakeni eyishumi kamuva, ngemuva kokunye ukwanda kule ndawo, yathola isimo seNational Park, futhi ngo-1981 yaziwa njengendawo ye-UNESCO World Cultural and Natural Heritage Site.

I-Kenya Masai Mara Reserve ngokuyinhloko kuqhutshwa kwesitoreji se-Serengeti. I-ecosystem yayo ibhekwa njengenye yezindala kunazo zonke emhlabeni wethu. Izilwane zasendle zaseSerengeti, ngokusho kososayensi, namuhla zibukeka ngokufana nalokho obubukeka eminyakeni eyizigidi edlule, zilondolozwe kusukela esikhathini sePleistocene. Ayikho enye indawo yokugcinwa kwemvelo e-Afrika ingaqhathanisa ne-Serengeti ngokwezinhlobo zezinhlobo ezihlala lapha: kunezinhlobo ezingu-35 ezigciniwe ezigciniwe! Akumangalisi ukuthi yiSerengeti eheha amashumi ezinkulungwane zezivakashi eTanzania njalo ngonyaka. Ipaki ibhekwa njengendawo engcono kakhulu yokubheka impilo yezingonyama, ama-cheetah nezintshe, kanye namagirayi.

Inqolobane ithandwa kakhulu nomongameli weFrankfurt Zoological Society, uBernhard Grzymek, owafunda ukufuduka kwezilwane eSerengeti futhi wabhala izincwadi eziningana ngaye ezilethe udumo emhlabeni jikelele. I-Serengeti akuyona nje indawo yokugcina impahla, kodwa futhi nokugcinwa kwe-ethnographic: enye yemisebenzi yayo ukugcina indlela yendabuko yokuphila nemasiko yamaMasai. Ngale njongo, i -Ngorongoro igcinwe ihlukaniswe ne-Serengeti.

"Isiqephu Sabantu"

Esigodini sase-Olduvai, esibizwa ngokuthi "Isiqephu Sabantu", esasensimini yesigceme, izimboni ezinkulu zenziwa phakathi nesikhathi esukela kuma-30 kuya kuma-60s ekhulwini lokugcina, ngenxa yamathambo e-homo habitus, asele e-Australopithecus, amathuluzi asendulo, amathambo izilwane. Yonke le miboniso ingabonakala emnyuziyamu we- anthropological osemgodini. Kodwa namuhla le ngxenye yepaki ivaliwe kubavakashi ngenxa yokuqalwa kabusha kwemfuyo - ososayensi bakholelwa kahle ukuthi ukufinyelela kwabavakashi kungabangela umonakalo omkhulu kulolu cwaningo.

I-flora nezilwane zasolwandle

I-Serengeti National Park inezimo zezulu eziyingqayizivele nezindawo ezihlukahlukene: enyakatho kunezintaba ezenziwe ngamapulangwe ezimbozwe ikakhulukazi ngomtholo, eningizimu-ephakeme-utshani obusendle, ngasentshonalanga - amahlathi angamahloni okufinyeleleka (lapha akhula ama-acacias, ebony kanye namaficus afanayo); futhi maphakathi nepaki yi-savanna.

Izwe lesilwane seSerengeti lishaya ngokuhlukahluka kwalo. Inqolobane yilabo abamele ama-Big Five - izingonyama, izingwezi, izindlovu, ama-rhinoceroses nama-buffalo, futhi ngaphandle kwazo - ama-giraffes, izimbuzi, ama-zebra nezinhlobo eziningana ze-antelopes ne-gazelle, ama-hyenzi nezimpungushe, ama-cheetah, ama-fox amakhulu, ama-mongoose, izinkukhu, amadada , ama-warthogs. Ngamafuphi, izilwane zaseSerengeti zimelela cishe wonke umbuso wezilwane zase-Afrika. I-wildebeest kuphela, ama-zebra nama-gazelle ensimu yawo ahlala ngaphezu kwezigidi ezimbili, futhi kunabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezintathu kuzo zonke izilwane ezinkulu. Lapha kukhona izimbongolo: izinkawu-hussars, izinyane, izinkawu eziluhlaza, ama-colobus.

Amabhubesi aseSerengeti ahlala e-savanna engxenyeni eyinhloko yeSerengeti, eSeronera Valley. Amabhubesi ahlukanisa insimu enezingwe; ngenxa yenani elikhulu lamagirayi, ama-antelopes, ama-warthogs adla emadlelweni acebile asekhaya, akudingekile ukuba zibulale indlala.

Emifuleni nasemachibi aseSerengeti, ungabona amavubu, kanye nezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-350 zezilwane ezinwabuzelayo, kuhlanganise nezingwenya. Izingwenya ze-Nile zihlala emfuleni i-Grumeti entshonalanga yengcebo; zihlukaniswa ngobukhulu obukhulu ngokumangalisayo - bukhulu kunabo "abahlala nabo" kwezinye izindawo. Futhi, i-Serengeti Park eTanzania isibe ikhaya futhi "indawo yokupaka" ngenani elikhulu lezinyoni zezinhlobo ezahlukene. Lapha ungabona izinyoni-unobhala, izintshe kanye ne-waterfowl. I-Salt Lake Ndutu eningizimu yendawo yokugcina igodla inombolo enkulu yama-flamingos. Inani lezinhlobo zabemi abahamba ngamapayipi lidlula 500! Akumangalisi ukuthi le ndawo igcinwa njengepharadesi yezinyoni ze-ornithologists.

Ukuvakasha epaki

I-Serengeti ingabizwa ngokuthi i-safari park: iyahamba ezimotweni nasebhasini, futhi phakathi nohambo awukwazi nje kuphela kusuka kude, kodwa futhi usondelene nokugcina izilwane endaweni yazo yemvelo. Ama-giraffe, isibonelo, asondelana nesifiso, izingonyama azivumelani neze nezimoto ezidlula - kungenzeka ukuthi uzodinga ukuzungeza umndeni "wenkosi yezilo" elele emgwaqweni. Kodwa ilukuluku lwezimbuzi lungase lube lubi futhi lungathandeki: ngezinye izikhathi zigibela amabhasi futhi zivule izidumbu zemoto - ikakhulukazi uma zibona ukudla.

Ungakwazi ukuhamba nge- safari phezu kwe-Serengeti ebhalweni elishisayo emoyeni ukuze ubuke ukufuduka Okukhulu, lapho ama-zebra angaba ngu-200 000, i-wildebeest yezigidi ezilodwa namanye ama-ungulates asuka ekufuneni utshani obusha. Uma isikhathi esiwumile esifundeni esenyakatho se-reserve sifikile, indlela yabo ihamba emathafeni aseningizimu asentshonalanga, lapho imvula yamanzi idlula ngalesi sikhathi, futhi ngesikhathi sokuqala imvula ibuyela emuva. Izinyanga zemvula ziyiMashi, April, Meyi, Okthoba noNovemba. Uma ufuna ukubukela ama-antelopes omnyama, kungcono ukuza eSerengeti kusukela ngoDisemba kuya kuJulayi, futhi uma unesithakazelo ezingonyameni nakweminye inyamazane, kusukela ngoJuni kuya ku-Okthoba. Ukuvakasha izivakashi nakho ukuhlolwa kwamadwala omculo, ubuciko bamaMasai nohambo oluya e-volcano Aldo Lengai.

Kuzo zonke izivakashi

Uma unquma ukuvakashela e-Afrika futhi uvakashele i-Serengeti Park, ungakwazi ukuhamba lapho ngokudluliselwa kwangaphakathi ku-Kilimanjaro International Airport. Ungaphinde uvela e- Arusha ngemoto - umgwaqo kuleli cala uthatha amahora angaba ngu-5.

Ngokususelwa kubukhulu besitoreji, kusobala ukuthi ngeke kwenzeke ukuyihlola ngosuku olulodwa, futhi kumane nje kuyisiwula ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi emgwaqweni njalo. Lapha, yonke ingqalasizinda edingekayo kubakhenkethi, kufaka phakathi amahhotela, noma kunalokho amakamu okuphumula nokulala, idalwe. Okuhle kunazo zonke: 5 * I-Serengeti Serena Louge, i-Serengeti Camp Pioneer Camp ka-Elewana, iKirawira Serena Camp, i-Singita Sasakwa Lodge, ne-Serengeti Tented Camp - i-Ikoma Bush Camp, iLobo Wildlife Lodge, i-Mbalageti Serengeti, i-Lemala Ewanjan, i-Serengeti Acacia Camps, i-Kananga Special Tented Inkampu, ikampu ye-Luxury Mobile yaseKenzan.