Uma kwenzeka ukwelashwa okungakaze kwenzeke noma okungalungile kwe-acute otitis media, ukuvuvukala okubhebhethekayo kudlulela emathanjeni esifuba eseduze. Lezi zinkinga zibizwa ngokuthi i-mastoiditis - isici, izimpawu, ukwelashwa nokubikezelwa kwalesi sifo kufundiswa ama-otolaryngologists. Naphezu kwezindlela ezisebenzayo zokwelapha lesi sifo, kunzima ukulwa nazo, ikakhulukazi ezinyathelweni zokugcina.
Izici ze-mastoiditis nezimpawu zayo
Ngaphambi kwe-auricle kukhona inqubo ye-mastoid - i-protrusion esitokisini se-cranial bone. Inesakhiwo esiyingozi, siqukethe amangqamuzana ahlukaniswe izingxenye ezincane.
Njengomthetho, i-mastoiditis yenzeka ngenxa yokusakazeka kokutheleleka emgodini we-eardrum kuya enkambisweni ye-mastoid ngenxa yokuqhubeka kwe-otitis media. Izifo ezingavamile ezichazwe ngokujwayelekile ziyinhloko futhi zikhula ngokumelene nemiphumela yokulimala nokulimala.
Izici zobunjwa:
- umsindo, ukukhala ezindlebeni;
- ukushisa komzimba okuphakeme;
- ukuwohloka okukhulu kwezempilo;
- ukuvuvukala ngemuva kwendlebe;
- ubuhlungu obunzima emgodini wezindlebe, ikhanda (ihlanganisa isigamu se-lesion);
- ukulahleka kokuzwa;
- ukuxhaswa ezindlebeni;
- ukubomvu kwesikhumba endaweni yokuvuvukala.
Ukwelashwa kwe-mastoiditis ngezidakamizwa kanye namakhambi omuntu
Ukwelashwa okudalwa kwezidakamizwa zesifo esibuzwayo kuyindlela yokusebenzisa imithi elwa ne-beta-lactam enezinhlobonhlobo zemiphumela, njenge:
- Ceftibutene;
- Amoxicillin;
- Ceftriaxone ;
- I-Cefaclor;
- Ciprofloxacin;
- Cefixime;
- I-Cefotaxime;
- Cefuroxime nabanye.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwelashwa okuphawulekayo kunqunywe:
- i-anesthetics ene-anti-inflammatory effect;
- ama-antihistamine;
- ama-immunomodulators;
- ama-sorbents.
Uma kungekho ukuthuthukiswa okukhulunywayo emahoreni angu-24 alandelayo kusukela ekuqaleni kokwelashwa okulondolozayo, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kwenziwa. Udokotela ukhetha okunye okukhethwa kukho okulandelayo:
- i-myringotomy;
- ukwethulwa kwe-tubmpanostomy tube;
- i-anthotomy (i-mastoidectomy).
Njengoba kunikezwe ubunzima besimiso sokuvuvukala nokuthuthuka kwayo okusheshayo, akukho ukupheka kwabantu okungasetshenziswa.
Isibikezelo se-mastoiditis
Ukwelashwa okufanele ngesikhathi esifanele kukuvumela ukubhekana ngokushesha nezifo ezichazwe futhi uvimbele ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga, ngakho-ke ezimweni eziningi, ukubikezela kulungile. Imiphumela embi kakhulu engenzeka:
- i-thrombosis yesono se-medulla (eqinile);
- i-abscess i-Chitelli;
- i-labyrinthite ;
- I-subperiosteal abscess yenqubo ye-mastoid;
- ukuzwa ukukhubazeka;
- i-meningitis;
- i-abscess yeBeizold;
- ukunqotshwa kwesibindi sebuso;
- i-abscess epidural.