I-phonendoscope ne-stethoscope yizimfanelo ezibalulekile zikadokotela, kodwa iningi lethu aliqageli ukuthi libaluleke kangakanani! Ukulalela isifuba sesiguli kusivumela ukuthi singanqamuli kuphela izifo zokuphefumula kanye ne-bronchitis, kodwa futhi nokukhubazeka okukhulu kwenhliziyo. Ukuhlaziywa kwenhliziyo ingenye yezindlela ezivame kakhulu zokuthola ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo, ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo, i-tachycardia, i- angina pectoris nezinye izifo.
Amaphuzu okulalela ngekhono lokuhlelwa kwenhliziyo
Ukuze uzwe isigqi sezinhliziyo, ithoni yabo, imisindo ye-valve yenhliziyo kanye ne-ventricles, inqubo kufanele iqhutshwe ngokuthula okuphelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukucacisa ngokunembile amaphuzu okulalela. Ukushintshwa kwamamitha ambalwa kungabangela iphutha ekuxilongweni. Ngakho-ke, kunamaphuzu ayisisekelo ayisisekelo senhliziyo:
- Iphuzu lokuqala likhona endaweni ye-apical impulse yenhliziyo. Ungakwazi ukunquma indawo ngosizo lwe-palpation. Uma ungeke uzizwe ucindezelekile, udokotela ubala umkhawulo ongaphezulu wezinhlanzi zenhliziyo ngosizo lwezingxabano esifubeni sesiguli. I-phonendoscope kufanele ifakwe ngqo ekugcineni kwezithulu endaweni yokushaqeka.
- Iphuzu lesibili lisemngceleni ongakwesokudla we-sternum esikhaleni sesibili se-intercostal. Kubuye kube lula ukucacisa ngokuthinta. Ngokuvamile, udokotela uhlola indawo ngesandla sakhe sobunxele, ukunikela ngokuqondile i-phonendoscope odongeni lwesifuba.
- Iphuzu lesithathu lilula kakhulu ukuchaza, lisendaweni yesibili ye-intercostal ehambisana nendawo ehambisana nendawo yesibili, kepha hhayi emngceleni ongakwesokudla we-sternum, kodwa ngakwesobunxele.
- Iphuzu lesine alitholakali kalula ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ihlezi engxenyeni efanele yesithathu engezansi ye-sternum ngaphansi kwenqubo ye-xiphoid.
- Owesihlanu, iphuzu lokugcina, ukungena enkimbinkimbi yokuphoqeleka, kusendaweni yesithathu ye-intercostal eduze kwesokunxele sternum. Lokhu, njengezidlule, kungachazwa indlela yokuxubha kweziguli ezine-edema enzima nokukhuluphala, noma nge-palpation.
Uma ukuhlaziywa kwenhliziyo kubonisile umkhuba, lolu cwaningo luphela. Uma kungenjalo, isiguli silalela ngokungeziwe, silele ngakwesobunxele, noma sisebenzise ngokomzimba.
Iyini isisekelo sokwenyuka kwenhliziyo?
Esikhathini senhliziyo yendlela yilapho ikhono lenhliziyo ukukhiqiza imisindo ephawulekayo phakathi nokusebenza. Lokhu - lokho okubizwa ngokuthi izinhliziyo zenhliziyo, ukukhishwa kwamandla kukuvumela ukuba unqume ngisho nokuphambukiswa okuncane kokuzwa. Ezinganeni, kukhona amathoni amathathu, abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-20 ubudala bavame ukuzwa amathoni amabili. Ukuze abazwe, udokotela ubonisa ukuthi isiguli siphefumule ngaphakathi nangaphandle futhi sibambe umoya. Umsindo wokuqala, lapho elungisa khona, futhi uzoba ithoni yokuqala yenhliziyo. Owesibili, ngokulandelana, okwesibili. Emaphuzu ahlukene okulalela angaba nokuphakama okukhulu namandla, ngesisekelo salezi idatha kanye nokuxilongwa kwenziwa. Kwenzeka ukuthi ukuhlaziya kutholakala imisindo yenhliziyo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ithoni ayizwakala ihlanzekile, ukuqhuma akuyona isisindo, kunamanzi, kukhona imisindo engaphandle. Konke lokhu - ubufakazi bokuhlukumeza okuhlukahlukene kwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
Kodwa ukuze ahlolwe kahle, udokotela kufanele aqonde ngokunembile umsindo. Ngenxa yalokhu, lezi zenzo ezilandelayo zenziwa:
- Hlola ukuthi yisiphi isigaba (systolic, noma i-diastolic) kukhona umsindo.
- Khetha iphuzu lokulalela kwakhe okuhle ukuthola ukuthi kwenzekani.
- Hlela indawo engcono kakhulu yokulalela ngaphandle kwamaphuzu aphambili we-auscultation.
- Yenza ucwaningo oluzwakalayo endaweni eqondile, enezingqimba, ekuthunjweni okusehlangothini lwesokudla.
- Cacisa izinga lokuzwakala komsindo, isiteji, ubude kanye nezinguquko ku-dynamics.
Yonke le datha idinga ukuhlaziywa, emva kwalokho isinqumo sokugcina singenziwa.