I-hypoxia, ngomqondo ovamile, iyancipha ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-oksijini egazini nokuqoqwa kwe-carbon dioxide ezicubu. I-hypoxia noma i-oksijeni yindlala yomsanezi ibonakala ukungabi nokuphefumula, noma ukungakwazi kahle uma kuziwa ekukhanyeni, kanti ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuthinteka. Ngezinye izikhathi i-hypoxia iqala ukukhula esibelethweni.
Izimpawu zika-hypoxia ezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa
Ukuba khona kwe-hypoxia ezinsana kukhonjiswe izimpawu ezihlukahlukene, ezifana: i-cyanosis yesikhumba, ukushaya kwenhliziyo ngokushesha (ngenani lokushaya kwenhliziyo lezintambo ezingu-160 ngomzuzu noma ngaphezulu), kulandelwa imvamisa enganele (ukulinganiselwa okungaphansi kuka-100 ngomzuzu). Kukhona imisindo nezinhlobonhlobo zenhliziyo ezithulu.
Isigaba sokuqala se-hypoxia yesisu esidalwa yizibonakaliso ezifanayo, ngaphezu kwalokho, ezimweni eziningi zingatholakala ngenxa yokubonakala kwe-meconium kumswakama wamniotic, lapho isilonda sesisu esidalwe khona sigcizelelwe ngendlela ekhethekile. Ngokunikezwa kwe-meconium, amanzi athola indawo emnyama, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Kumele futhi uqaphele iqiniso lokuthi ezinkathini zokuqala ze-hypoxia umntfwana uba yiselula, futhi ngokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo, ngokuphambene nalokho kukhululeka.
Izimbangela ze-hypoxia ezisanda kuzalwa zingaba:
- izifo ezihlukahlukene zikamama, njenge: isifo senhliziyo, isifo se-lung, ukutheleleka kwesistimu yokuzala;
- ukuthuthukiswa kwamathambo okukhulelwa nokubeletha (isethulo senhliziyo, icala, ukulethwa isikhathi eside noma okusheshayo;
- ukuphazamiseka kwentuthuko ye-fetus, okungukuthi i-Rh-impikiswano, ukungavamile kwezakhi zofuzo, ukuhlukumezeka okungahambi kahle;
- Ukuphefumula kwepheshana lokuphefumula.
Ukwelashwa kwe-hypoxia ezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa
Uma odokotela besolisa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hypoxia, khona-ke bathatha izinyathelo zokuletha ngokushesha. Ingane ivuselelwe futhi ifakwe ekamelweni le-oxygen. Uma kunesidingo, izidakamizwa zethulwa ukunciphisa ukubonakaliswa kwe-hypoxia. Ingozi yangempela empilweni yezempilo yinkinga yokuphefumula okukhulu kwe-oksijeni yobuchopho. Kulesi simo, ingane ivinjelwe ukungena ekamelweni le-hyperbaric, futhi izinyathelo zithathwa ukuze kubuyiselwe ukugeleza kwegazi.
Imiphumela ehlala njalo ingaphikelela cishe inyanga. Ingane iqhubekile ekukhuleni kwengqondo kanye nezinkinga ezincane zokulala. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ingane kufanele ihlolwe udokotela wezingane. Ukuqeda imiphumela yokuntuleka kwe-oksijeni, ingane kufanele ifundele ukuvuselelwa. Yena, njengomthetho, unqunywe ukuhlunga umzimba nokuzivocavoca kwamaqembu athile omzimba. Imithi isetshenziselwa ukunyuka kwengcindezi yokungena emzimbeni kanye nokuzijabulisa.
I-Hypoxia ezisanda kuzalwa - imiphumela
Imiphumela ingase ihluke, kusukela ekuvimbeleni okuncane kwezinkomba, ekupheleni kokuphazanyiswa ngokujulile kwamapayipi, inhliziyo, isimiso sezinzwa zesibindi, isibindi, izinso, ubuchopho. Futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukukhubazeka kwengane, ukugoba kwayo ekuthuthukisweni.
Ukuvimbela i-hypoxia yobuchopho ekusanda kuzalwa kuyadingeka:
- isikhathi esigcwele sokukhulelwa sibonakala ekubonisaneni kwabesifazane;
- ukuvimbela ubuthi;
- ngesikhathi sokungena kwi-ultrasound ekhethiwe (ukukhomba icala);
- ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezithathelwanayo;
- ukuhlola ukulawula i-hemoglobin egazini lomfazi okhulelwe;
- ukubeka abaphathi bokuzalwa kwabachwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe (bazokwazi ukunquma ukuthi ukusheshisa ukubeletha noma ukuvuselela ngesikhathi esifanele).
Kodwa, naphezu kwakho konke okushiwo ngenhla, khumbula ukuthi noma yikuphi ukuxilongwa akuwona umusho, ngisho nokunye, i-hypoxia ezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa. Ungakhathazeki ngezibikezelo ezimbi zogqirha, ngoba banempahla engeke igcwaliseke. Futhi ukubekezela, ukukhathazeka, ukukhathalela nokuthanda komama kuzokusiza kangcono kunanoma imiphi imithi.