Ingozi yokulimala komuntu ngamunye nge-system central neervous system (PCNC) ingenzeka ingane ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwe-intrauterine futhi emva kokuzalwa kuze kube izinsuku eziyisikhombisa zokuphila.
Kuyini ukutholakala kwe-PCNC?
I-PCVC ibonakala ku-10% kwezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa ezizalwa ngesikhathi, futhi cishe u-70% wezinombolo eziphelele zezinsana ezinsana ezisencane.
Izimbangela ze-PPNC ezinganeni
I-PCNC entsheni ingabangela ukuvela kokulandelayo:
- hypoxia yesisu;
- ukuhlukunyezwa kokubeletha;
- ukufeza;
- izifo ezithathelwanayo zikamama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa;
- ukwehla izinga le-hemoglobin egazini lomama ngenkathi ebeletha ingane;
- i-pathology ye-placenta.
Ingozi ye-PCNC iphakeme uma kunezici zokubeka phambili:
- isethulo sangaphakathi lomntwana;
- Ukulethwa kwesandulela noma ngaphambi kwesikhathi;
- izithelo ezinkulu (ezingaphezu kwamakhilogremu amane).
I-PCNC ezisanda kuzalwa: izimpawu
Endabeni yokuxilongwa kwengane esanda kuzalwa, ingane inezibonakaliso ezilandelayo zokuba ne-pts:
- shintsha ithoni ye-muscle (hyper noma hypotonic);
- ukukhathazeka kwamandla;
- ukuthuthumela kwesigungu nesiphetho;
- ukuxubha;
- ukuzwela ukuzwela;
- i-dyskinesia yepheshana lesisu (isisindo esingaguquki, flatulence, ukuphindaphinda);
- shintsha ngesilinganiso senhliziyo;
- umsindo ozwakalayo wenhliziyo;
- shintsha ngesigqi sokuphefumula;
- ukwandisa umthamo wekhanda lomntwana ngaphezu kwamamentimitha amabili ngesonto;
- imibala engalingani yesikhumba somntwana.
Njengomthetho, ngomnyaka wengane, ukubonakaliswa kwehla noma kuphele ngokuphelele. Noma kunjalo, izilonda ze-perinatal zingaba nemiphumela yesikhathi eside:
- ukubambezeleka kwengqondo, inkulumo noma ukuthuthukiswa kwezimoto;
- i-cerebroasthenic syndrome (ukushintsha kwemizwa, ukukhathazeka kwamandla, ukuphazamiseka kwamandla, ukulala okungapheli);
- ukunakekelwa kwephutha lokungaboni kahle .
I-PCNC ezisanda kuzalwa: ukwelashwa
Ngesikhathi esiyinkimbinkimbi, umntwana osanda kuzalwa ungena eyunithi yokunakekelwa okujulile yokwelapha okunzima:
- i-hemostasis: amalungiselelo e-dicycin, a-rutin ne-calcium angeniswa ngaphakathi;
- ukwelashwa kwemvelo: ukusetshenziswa kwama-diuretics;
- Ukwelashwa kwe-detoxication: ukulungiswa kwezinqubo ze-metabolic ngokuletha isisombululo se-10% seglucose, i-ascorbic acid;
- ukwelashwa okuphawulekayo, kuhlanganise nokuqedwa kokubanjwa, ukukhubazeka kwesimiso sokuphefumula nesimo senhliziyo.
Ukondliwa kwengane kwenziwa nge-probe noma ngesifuba ngokuxhomekeka kobuhlungu besigaba saleso sifo.
Esikhathini sokuphumula, umsebenzi oyinhloko ukunciphisa ukubonakaliswa kwesifo sezinzwa. Ngokumelene nokuqothuka, udokotela angacacisa i- phenobarbital , i-radomor, i-finlepsin, ngokuphindaphindiwe-insimu noma i-cerucal, lapho kukhona ukuphazamiseka kwemoto - alizin, galantamine, i-dibazol, i-proserin.
Ukuze unciphise ukushisa kwemithi, lesi sidakamizwa sinqunywe i-lidazu. Ukuze ubuyisele izinqubo ze-trophic zobuchopho, izidakamizwa ze-nootropic zisetshenziswa: i-pyracetam, i-glutamic acid, i-cerebrolysin.
Ukugqugquzela ukusebenzisana okujwayelekile kumntana osanda kuzalwa, inqubo yokwelapha yokwelapha kanye nokuzivocavoca okukhethekile kuqhutshwa.
Ngokusola okuncane kakhulu kwabazali ngokuba khona kwengane yesifo se-perinatal yesistimu ye-central central, umuntu kufanele afune ngokushesha iseluleko ku-neurologist ekukhetheni ukwelashwa okuphelele. Ngokushesha ukwelashwa kuqala, kuphakama amathuba okutholakala okuphelele kwengane.
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwengane kwenzeka ngabanye, kuhlanganise nenhlangano yomsebenzi wobuchopho. Izici ezinjalo zomntwana osanda kuzalwa kwimeko ngayinye ethize zidlala indima ebalulekile ekubuyiseleni imisebenzi yomsebenzi ophezulu wezinzwa.