Dysarthria ezinganeni

I-Dysarthria ebantwaneni ukuphulwa okukhulu kwemisebenzi yokukhuluma eyenziwe umonakalo owenziwe ohlelweni lwesimiso esiphakathi. Izici ezingokwengqondo zezingane ezine-dysarthria zithi, ngenxa yokungazi kahle nokuqina kwazo ekuboneni inkulumo yabo, zizama ukukhuluma kancane ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze zingabangela ukuhlekwa usulu kulabo ontanga, futhi ekugcineni zihoxiswe futhi zingekho othintana nabo.

Izibonakaliso eziyinhloko zesifo se-dysarthria

• ukwephula ukubiza amagama, imisindo ethile ishintshwe abanye, izinkulumo zihlanekezwa, izinga lokushintshwa kwenkulumo, ivolumu yezinguquko zezwi. Ezimweni ezimbi, ukukhubazeka okuphelele kwemisipha yamagama kuyabonakala;
• ubunzima ngokugwinya - ukudla "kwengane" ye-popershivaetsya;
• ubuthakathaka nokukhubazeka kwemisipha yobuso - umlomo ovulekile njalo, ukuphulukiswa okunamandla, ukungakwazi ukunamathela ulimi. Ngezinye izikhathi kukhona ukunxantathu konxantathu ye-nasolabial;
• ukwephulwa kwamakhono amakhulu namancane amancane, isibonelo, ingane ehlangabezana nobunzima ngokugxuma emlenzeni owodwa, ayikwazi ukubhala incwadi;
• izingane ezine-dysarthria azikwazi kahle ukubiza kuphela, kodwa futhi zibona imisindo - kunzima ukuzibiza, njengenkulumo, zithathelwa abanye. Lokhu kuhlanganisa izinkinga zokufunda nokuhluleka ukuqonda ikharikhyulamu yesikole ejwayelekile.

Izimbangela ze-dysarthria

I-Dysarthria ezinganeni iqala ngenxa yokunqotshwa kwezakhiwo ezithile zobuchopho ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma esemncane. Isizathu sokunqotshwa kungaba:

• i-hypoxia ye-fetus ngenxa yokungakwazi ukusebenza kwe-placental;
• ukungena kwe-intrauterine;
• ukubhema ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa;
• I-Rhesus-impikiswano;
• Ukwelashwa kobuchopho kusencane.

Amafomu we-dysarthria

1. I-bulb dysarthria ihambisana nokukhubazeka kwamaphaya, imisindo, imisipha ebusweni. Inkulumo kubantwana abanjalo ihamba kancane, "emphuleni," ukubonakala kwesobuso kuvezwe kahle. Leli fomu lesi sifo livela ezinhlakeni zobuchopho.
2. I-dysarthria engavamile iyabonakala ekutheni amandla we-muscle abuthakathaka futhi kubonakale ukunyakaza okuphazamisayo ingane engakwazi ukuyilawula. Ngalolu hlobo lwe-dysarthria umntwana angakwazi ukubiza kahle imishwana yonke, ikakhulu uma ezolile. Ukuphulukisa ijubane lokukhuluma, ingane ayikwazi ukulawula ivolumu nesigcazwi sezwi, ngezinye izikhathi ngokumemeza ngamanye amagama ngokumemeza.
3. I-cerebellar dysarthria ngokwayo ayivamile. Ngokuvamile - ngaphezu kwesinye isimo. Kubonakala sengathi "kuhlabelela" - okuqoshiwe, inkulumo enamahloni, ukushintsha ngokumemeza.
4. I-cortical dysarthria iholela eqinisweni ukuthi kunzima ukuthi ingane ikhulume imisindo ndawonye - ngamazwi nemisho, ngayinye iphumelela kahle.
5. Ukuqeda i-dysarthria ezinganeni kubhekwa njengendlela elula kakhulu. Izimpawu ze-dysarthria esusiwe azibonakali njengamacala ashiwo ngenhla, ngakho-ke ingatholakala kuphela ngemva kokuhlolwa okukhethekile. Ngokuvame ukwenzeka ngenxa ye-toxicosis enzima, izifo ezithathelwanayo zikamama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, i-asphyxia, ukuhlukunyezwa kokubeletha.
6. I-pseudobulbar i-dysarthria iyindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu yesifo. I-symptomatology yayo ibonakala ekunciphiseni izinga lokukhuluma, ubunzima bokukhuluma. Ngezinga elibi kakhulu le-pseudobulbar dysarthria, kuvela ukulinganiselwa ukunyakaza kwemisipha yomzimba nolimi kanye nokusebenza okungenakwenzeka kwezixhobo zokukhuluma.

Ukwelashwa kwe-dysarthria ezinganeni

Uma ukhetha ukwelashwa kwe-dysarthria, isimo sabazali kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba ngaphezu kokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha kanye nezikhathi ezinomthelela wezinkulumo, amakilasi avamile ekhaya azobaluleka. Imithi yokwelashwa egcwele ihlala cishe izinyanga ezingu-4-5, okokuqala kuqhutshwa esibhedlela, futhi ngemuva kokugula.

Esigabeni sezindlela zokwelashwa okungewona ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa ze-logopedic, i-gymnastics yokuphefumula Strelnikova. Umsebenzi oyinhloko walezi zindlela ukuthuthukiswa kwemisindo yomlomo kanye nesibindi.

Ekhaya, kunconywa ukwenza lokho okuthiwa "okuthandayo" gymnastics. Okuyinhloko yukuthi i-candy ushukela ishintshaniswa ngenye indlela noma enye ikona yomlomo nezindebe, futhi ingane kufanele ikhohlise umkhondo omnandi ngolimi lwakhe.