Abaqalayo abaningi begadi bezolimo imifino yokuqala yokutshala bakhetha amazambane, njengoba kulula ukukhula, futhi kuhlale kudingekile ukupheka. Kodwa umuntu ngamunye unokuthanda okuhlukile: umuntu othanda i-pink, kanti omunye-omhlophe, othile udinga ukuthukuthela noma, ngokuphambene, uphelele. Ngakho-ke, ngokusekelwe ezinhlosweni zokusetshenziswa, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zamazambane kufanele zikhethwe ngaphambi kokutshala. Ukwenza isinqumo esifanele, kufanele uzijwayele ngencazelo yezinhlobo eziningana, njengabalimi, ukuze ukwandise isivuno, yakha amanoveli ngonyaka.
Kulesi sihloko uzojwayela incazelo yenye yezinhlobonhlobo ezintsha zamazambane - "Ryabinushki": ukunambitha izimfanelo nokuzikhethela kokulima kwayo.
Incazelo ehlathini lamazambane "Ryabinushka"
Ingxenye yomhlaba ehlathini "Ryabinushki" inomuthi ojule (ngezinye izikhathi uhlangothi oluqondile) ophakeme ophakathi kwamagqabi avulekile ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka ahlukahlukene (kusukela ephakathi kuya enkulu) enobukhulu obuningi bemikhawulo. Blooms izimbali purple-blue, enikeza izithelo.
Lesi sitshalo simelana ngokulinganayo nama-causative agents of blight late .
Isici sezithelo zamazambane "Ryabinushka"
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zibhekwa njengezihamba phambili, njengoba amazambane eqoqwe ezinsukwini ezingu-80-90 emva kokutshala. Unezinga eliphakeme lokuvunwa: kusuka ku-220 kuya ku-235 c / ha kuya ku-390 kuya ku-450 c / ha. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ngokwazo zinomumo we-oval, amehlo amancane, ikhasi elibushelelekile lombala obomvu kanye nomqhafazo wombala wekhilimu, onokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwesitashi (11-18%). Amazambane ngayinye angaba nesisindo kusuka ku-90 kuya ku-130 amagremu. Isici samazambane "Rowan" ngu:
- ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu emva kokupheka;
- ukubukeka okuphezulu kwamakethe (86-96%);
- ikhwalithi yokugcina okuhle (cishe 90%);
- hhayi ukumnyama ngokulimala komshini nokusika inyama;
- isilinganiso sokumelana nokulimala okuphelile kanye nematode yegolide.
Izici zokutshala nokunakekela amazambane "Rowan"
Izinhlobonhlobo "Ryabinushka", ezakhiwe yi-ZAO Vsevolozhskaya Selection Station, zenzelwe ukutshala ezindaweni ezisenyakatho, eNyakatho-West, nasePhakathi naseMiddle Volga eRussia, lapho izinsuku zokufudumala zokuhlwanyelwa kwezinhlobo zamazambane ezivuthwe ngasekupheleni.
Lapho ukhetha indawo yokutshala amazambane "Ryabinushka", kungcono ukhethe izindawo lapho utshani obungapheli, izitshalo zasebusika, izitshalo, ifulegi zitholakala ngaphambili, futhi uma inhlabathi ingenhlabathi ngemva kwe-lupine.
Ngenxa yokuthi izilimo eziyizigaxa zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zelaphekile, azikho izinkinga zokuhlwanyela entwasahlobo. Izinto ezikhethiwe zokutshala kufanele zilungiselelwe: zihlanzekile futhi zigeze, ngenkathi zihlanza izilimo eziyizigaxa ezinegciwane lesandulela ngculaza. Ngokuqhubekayo kunconywa ukuba kuhlume , kepha hhayi isikhathi esingaphezu kuka-1.5 cm. Emva kwalokho, zifakwa emanzini alungiselelwe kuya ku-7-10 cm ejulile, efafazwe ngokhuni olugcwele futhi limbozwe umhlaba. Ukuhamba kungcono ukuchitha ngoMeyi.
Ukuze uthole isihlahla samazambane "Ryabinushki" ukunakekelwa okunjalo kuyadingeka:
- ukugcinwa kwenhlabathi endaweni evulekile;
- ukubhujiswa okwesikhashana kokhula kanye nezinambuzane;
- Ukuphuza njalo kanye nomanyolo owengeziwe kunomthelela ekuvuneni okukhulayo kwezihlahla.
Indlela yokugcina amazambane "Ryabinushka"?
Emva kokuvuna, amazambane kufanele alungiselelwe kahle ukugcina isikhathi eside:
- Qoqa amazambane ami bese uwabeka (izinsuku ezingu-10-12). Esikhathini sendlela susa ukulimala nokulandelwa kwezifo ze-tuber. Ekupheleni kokomisa amazambane kumele kuhlanganiswe nemifino, ngoba i-alkaloid saponin yasungulwa.
- Sikhetha izinto zokuhlwanyela imbewu, lokhu, amazambane ubukhulu beqanda elikhulu lenkukhu lifanelekile.
- Khona-ke sisusa esitokisini: emgodini, emgodini wemifino noma ebhokisini.
Isiqinisekiso sokuvunwa okuvame ukukhiqizwa yizinhlobo ezehlukene ngesikhathi sokuvuna, khona-ke uzothola amazambane amancane isikhathi eside. Liphakamisa futhi ngezikhathi ezithile ukushintsha izilimo ezisetshenziselwa ukutshala, njengoba ngesikhathi sokulahleka kwezici zabo ezinhle kwenzeka: ukumelana kunciphisa, isivuno siyancipha futhi izilimo eziyizigaxa zikhula kancane. Isibonelo, i- "Rowanberry" ingashintshwa yizinhlobo ezinjalo njenge "Radonezhsky" noma "i-Aurora".