Amavithamini emvelo ezinganeni
Iningi lamavithamini, eliwusizo emzimbeni womuntu, awakhiqizwa, ngakho kumele avele ngaphandle. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezinganeni ezisezingeni lokukhula okuqhubekayo. Amavithamini amahle kunazo zonke yizinto zokudla, ngoba zonke izinto ezibalulekile kuzo ziqukethe uhlobo. Lokhu kunomthelela ekwamukelweni kwazo okusheshayo nokugaya kahle, ngakho-ke bonke abazali kufanele banikeze izindlalifa zabo ngokudla okugcwele nokufanele.
Amavithamini emikhiqizo yabantwana
Cishe yonke imikhiqizo yokudla ihlotshiswe ngezinto ezithile ezibalulekile neziwusizo. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, akuzona zonke ezinomusa omuhle nephunga elimnandi. Omama abasha kudingeka badle izindlalifa zabo zonke izinhlobo zezitsha ezivela ezihlukahlukene. Isibonelo, kusuka ezindlini zekhaya ungathola amavithamini anjalo kubantwana njenge:
- I-Retinol, noma i-vitamin A. Okuqukethwe kwalesi sigaba emzimbeni wengane ngokuqondile kuthinta ubuhle bombono wakhe nokubona kombala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kudingekile ukuthi kusetshenziswe kahle isistimu yethambo futhi kuqinisekiswe ama-skeleton, ukwandisa ukuphikiswa komgudu wokuphefumula kuya ezincane ze-pathogenic ezivela ngaphandle. Umthombo omkhulu wemvelo we-retinol yiwoyela enhlanzi, okufanele unikezwe izingane ezincane unyaka wonke. Futhi, ukuze ucebise umzimba womntwana ngalesi sici esiwusizo, umntwana kufanele unikezwe izitsha ezihlukahlukene ezilungiselelwe kusuka izaqathe, amazambane, amathanga, iklabishi omhlophe kanye neklabishi elibomvu, ushukela namaqanda okugwaza, ushizi, isibindi nebhotela.
- I-thiamine, noma i-vitamin B1, nayo ibhekene nombono futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, ithatha ingxenye ngqo emaprotheni umzimba. Ezinganeni zidla njalo ukudla okunezinto ezizuzisayo, umsebenzi wengqondo futhi, ngokufanele, ukusebenza kwesikole kuthuthukisa ngokuphawulekayo. Ungathola i-thiamine kusuka emasimini, okusanhlamvu okuhlukahlukene nge-bran, isinkwa esimnyama, ilayisi namantongomane.
- I-Riboflavin, noma i-vitamin B2, inomphumela omuhle esimweni nasemsebenzini we-isibindi nezintambo zezinzwa futhi ivuselela ukuvuthwa kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu nokubunjwa kwe-hemoglobin. Iyingxenye yezinhlanzi, isibindi, imifino emihlaza nemikhiqizo yobisi.
- I-pyridoxine, noma i-vitamin B6, idinga umzimba womntwana ukukhiqiza amangqamuzana abomvu wegazi namagciwane okulwa nezifo ezihlukahlukene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile nokusebenza kahle kwesimiso sezinzwa ezizimele. Isamba esikhulu salesi sithako esiwusizo singatholakala ngokudla amantongomane, isinkwa esinamagatsha, amakhiwane, ukolweni ohlumekile, imifino eluhlaza kanye namaqanda abilisiwe.
- I-Cyanocobalamin, noma i-vitamin B 12, iyasiza ebuchosheni, ivuselele amaprotheni synthesis futhi ibuye ikwazi ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwengane. Okubaluleke kakhulu, lesi sithako esiwusizo senziwa ngezilwane zasolwandle, amaqanda, isibindi se-cod, soy, ushizi nobisi.
- I-asicorbic acid ingenye yamavithamini abaluleke kunazo zonke ezinganeni, okudingekayo ukuqinisa isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela kanye nokusheshisa izinqubo zokuvuselelwa. Imithombo yemvelo ye-ascorbic yizithelo ze-citrus, igromegranate, uju, iklabishi omhlophe, i-parsley, kanye nesiraphu se-rose ne-rose.
- Ngokwesibonelo, i-Calciferols, i-vitamin D3, iyadingeka ezinganeni kusukela ekuzalweni. Zithatha iqhaza ngokuqondile ekubunjweni kwamathambo namathambo, kanye nokulawulwa nokujwayelekile kwe-phosphorus ne-calcium metabolism. Emikhiqizweni yokudla yalezi zondlo kuncane kakhulu, ngakho lapho ukuqoqa ukudla komntwana kufanele kufaka njalo imenyu yezinhlanzi nemikhiqizo yobisi.
- I-tocopherol, noma i-vitamin E, inomphumela wokulwa nokuvuvukala, ngakho kusiza umzimba ukuthi ubhekane nezifo ezihlukahlukene futhi ugijime ukuphulukiswa kwamanxeba. Ukuhlushwa okuphezulu kwalesi sakhi kutholakala emafutheni we-sunflower, ubhontshisi kanye namantongomane.
- I-Nicotinamide, noma i-vitamin PP, iyadingeka ukuba ivuselele indlela yokugaya. Isamba esikhulu salesi sithako sitholakala emanzini, amaqanda, inyama, inhlanzi, isibindi namantongomane.
Zonke lezi zinto kufanele zingene emzimbeni wengane, kanye nokudla, futhi, uma kunesidingo, imikhiqizo yezokwelapha. Ukuze wenze ukudla okunembile nokuphelele, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukubaluleka kwalokhu noma ezinye izitsha, futhi yiziphi izinhlobo zamavithamini ezitholakala emikhiqizweni - itafula labantwana lizokusiza ukuba ubhekane nalolu lwazi:
Amavithamini anamanzi ezinganeni
Njengoba akuzona zonke izinto eziwusizo ezidingekayo zokuthuthukiswa okulungile nokugcwele kwengane encane kungatholakala ekudleni, abazali abaningi basebenzisa usizo lwemithi. Isidingo sezimali ezinjalo senzeke ngesikhathi se-convalescence ye-crumb emva kokugula okubi, izikhathi zokuhlukunyezwa ngengqondo nangokwenyama, nangemva kokuphela kobusika, lapho ukuntuleka okwedlulele kwamavithamini abalulekile nama-trace elements kubonakala emzimbeni wengane.
Umkhiqizi ngamunye wemikhiqizo yezokwelapha uveza imithi ehlukahlukene ngokungajwayelekile, phakathi kwakho ongalahleka. Amavithamini amahle kunazo zonke izingane, njengomthetho, ayabiza kakhulu, kodwa anelisa zonke izidingo zabafana namantombazane ngezikhathi ezahlukene zokuphila kwabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zonke izidakamizwa ezinjalo ziyahlukahluka emzimbeni wazo wezingane.
Amavithamini wokuzivikela ezinganeni
Izinkimbinkimbi ezinjalo ze-multivitamin zingadingeka ukuqinisa amandla okuzivikela omzimba omncane. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile amavithamini alandelayo asetshenziselwa ukukhukhumeza izingane:
- I-Pikovit - i-vitamin-mineral complex yezingane ezingaphezu kwezinyanga ezingu-12 ubudala. Iqukethe izithako eziningi eziwusizo ezisiza inyama yengane ukuthi imelane nezifo.
- I-Kinder Biovital - amavithamini amahle ngesikhathi esibandayo izingane ezinjenge-gel noma ukufuna ama-pastilles. Isidakamizwa sinikezwa abafana namantombazane kusukela eminyakeni eyi-1 kuya kweyishumi nesishiyagalolunye futhi ngokuvamile ayibangela ukusabela kokugula.
Amavithamini ekukhuleni kwezingane
Odokotela bezingane zanamuhla bahlukanisa zonke izinto eziwusizo ezigabeni eziningana futhi babone ukuthi yiziphi amavithamini ezidingekayo ezinganeni zokukhula. Ngakho-ke, ukugxila noma ukungabi nalutho kwezici ezilandelayo kuthinta izinguquko zalesi sibonakaliso: retinol, calcipers, ascorbic acid, B amavithamini, i-carotene, i-calcium ne-iodine. Ukwakhiwa okuhle kwezithako ezidingekayo ukuze kutholakale imvuthu ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo kukhethwe kula mavithamini alandelayo kubantwana:
- I-Multi-Tabs Baby Calcium + - ukulungiselela izingane zasenkulisa kusukela eminyakeni emibili ukuya kweyesi-7, ehlotshaniswa ne-calcium;
- I-Bee Big yikhambi eliphumelelayo labantwana abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-6 ubudala;
- Ama-yuvithamini akwa-Unicap ezinganeni ezivela ezinyangeni ezingu-24 kuya ku-48.
Amavithamini ngenkumbulo futhi anakekele izingane
Ngokuvamile, ubuchopho bezingane ezincane bubhekene nomthwalo owengeziwe. Ngakho-ke, amavithamini wokwenza ngcono inkumbulo nokunakekelwa kwezingane ngokuvamile inikezwa ngesikhathi sokulungiselela izivivinyo noma ukuhlolwa okujulile. Imithi engcono kunazo zonke kulesi sigaba yilokhu okulandelayo:
- I-Berroca iyisisombululo esiphumelele kunazo zonke ekuqiniseni inkumbulo nokuhlushwa, okusetshenziselwa abantu abadala kanye nentsha kusukela eneminyaka engu-12;
- I-VitaMishki - amavithamini ahlakulela izingane, kusukela eminyakeni engu-3. Itholakala ngendlela yama-pastilles, eyenziwe ngamanzi wezemvelo.