Isikhumba yilona uphawu oluvame kakhulu lomkhuhlane kubantwana bokuqala neminyaka yesibili yokuphila. Naphezu kokuba ukukhwehlela komntwana kubonisa umonakalo owenziwe nge-bronchi, i-larynx noma i-trachea, ukutholakala kwayo kuyasiza, ngoba ngesikhathi sokukhwehlela ingane ihlanza imimoya yomoya emanzini okulimazayo kanye ne-sputum, eyathatha isikhathi eside.
Izimbangela zokukhwehlela okumanzi nokomile kumntwana onyakeni ongu-1
Ngaphambi kokwelapha ingane ekhwehlelayo, kubalulekile ukusekela imbangela yangempela yokubukeka kwayo:
- ukutholakala kwenqubo yokuvuvukala engenhla (nasopharynx ne-oropharynx, impumulo) futhi ephansi (amaphaphu, ama-trachea, bronchus) ama-airways;
- ukuvuvukala kwezono zangasese, i-adenoids;
- Isikhumba njengesibonakaliso sokuphefumula kwesifo sofuba singenza njengengozi yokuqothula;
- umoya owomile futhi ofudumele ekamelweni labantwana;
- uxhumane nezifo ezibangelwa ukukhwehlela.
Kwezinye izimo, ukukhwehlela kungaba kwengqondo uma kubonakala esimweni esicindezelayo ingane. Khona-ke kubalulekile ukubonisana nengqondo yengane bese uthola isizathu esiqondile sokwesaba, ngenxa yalokho ingane iqala ukukhwehlela okubudlova.
Kungenzeka ukuthi umntwana wagwinya into yangaphandle futhi ngakho-ke waqala ukukhwehlela ngentshiseko nangokuqhubekayo. Esimeni esinjalo, kubalulekile ukunikeza ingane usizo lokuqala bese ubhekisela kubasebenzi bezokwelapha.
Ukukhulelwa kwengane onyakeni ongu-1: yini okufanele uyiphathe?
Ukwelashwa kokukhwehlela kwengane, uma eneminyaka engu-1 ubudala, kudinga ukunakekelwa okuncane kudokotela kanye nochwepheshe we-ENT ukuze akhiphe ezinye izinkinga zokuthuthukiswa kwesifo.
Ekhaya, abazali kudingeka baqinisekise ukuhambisana kwengane nokulala, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho kunikeza ukuthula nokuthula isikhathi sokugula.
Isiphuzo esiningi nokudla okunomsoco, ocebile ngama microelements awusizo namavithamini, angakuqinisa ukuzivikela kwengane futhi asheshe ukuphulukisa inqubo yokuphulukisa. Njengoba ingane isebenzisa amandla amaningi namandla okulwa nokugula kwakhe ngendlela yokukhwehlela, ukudla kwakhe kufanele kube ngamakholori aphezulu, ukuze umzimba ukwazi ukwenza ukulahleka kwamandla. Isiphuzo esiningi sizokwenza kube lula ukukhiqizwa kwe-sputum kusuka ku-bronchi.
Uma ingane ineminyaka engu-1 ubudala futhi inomkhuhlane oqinile, ukukhwehlela okumile nokumanzi kumele kuvezwe, ngoba kudinga ukwelashwa okuhlukile. Isibonelo, kukhona isiraphu ye-herbion, ethunyelwe ngezihumusho ezimbili: kusuka ekukhwehleleni okumanzi futhi omile. Amathebulethi avela kukhwehlela anganikezwa ngane oneminyaka elilodwa ubudala efomini elichotshoziwe, ukuxuba ngaphambilini ngeketshezi. Kodwa-ke, inhloso yesiraphu ingcono, ngoba iqala isenzo sayo ngokushesha nangempumelelo.
Njengabaxhasi, udokotela angakwazi ukubeka imithi elandelayo: i-glaucine, i-butamate, i-prenoxyndiazine, i-ACC, i- ambroxol , i- bromhexine . Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezingcolisayo akukwazi ukwelapha ngokuphelele ingane yokukhwehlela, kodwa basiza ekunciphiseni ukukhwehlela, njengokunciphisa i-sputum ekwakhiwe ngamabhubhu e-bronchial.
Ukwelashwa kokukhwehlela emntwaneni oneminyaka eyodwa, umuntu angakwazi ukubuyela emithini yomuthi, okusikisela ukusebenzisa impande ye-althea, i-licorice, amaqabunga e-plantain, umama nomama wesisu, i-thyme ukuze unciphise i-sputum ku-bronchi nokukhishwa kwayo ngokushesha emzimbeni wengane.
Uma ukukhwehlela kubangelwa ukungezwani komzimba, udokotela angase anikeze ukusetshenziswa kwe-antihistamines.
Uma ingane ikhwehlela ngonyaka ongu-1 isikhathi eside futhi ukwelashwa okulindelekile kungenalo umphumela oyifunayo, udokotela angalula ukusebenzisa ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezinamandla ezivimbela ukukhwehlela komkhuhlane ezingeni le-cortex ye-cerebral:
Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukukhwehlela akuyona isifo ngokwayo, kepha kuthatha isifo nje kuphela, okufanele siphathwe. Futhi kuphela ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi nokusetshenziswa kwabaxoshi bemvelo kuzosiza indoda encane ukuthi ilulame ngokushesha.