Isimiso sedivayisi ye-intrauterine
Ikhambi liphumelela kakhulu, livimbela ukuqala kokukhulelwa ngamacala angu-98%. Ukuze uchaze lokhu, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi idivayisi ye-intrauterine isebenza kanjani. Emkhakheni wendlela lokhu kuwububanzi obuhlukahlukene bomphumela:
- Idala isithiyo semishini endleleni yeqanda elivuthiwe. Ukungena kwegciwane lesandulela ngculazi emgodleni wesibindi kunzima. Ngenxa yalokho, akakwazi ukungena futhi angene esibelethweni ngenxa yesikhathi esilinganiselwe sokusebenza. Ngemuva kokushiya u-follicle, iqanda kufanele likhule ngaphakathi kwamahora angu-48. Bese kufika izinqubo ezibhubhisayo, ziyafa.
- Ukunciphisa umsebenzi nokusebenza kwe-spermatozoa ngenxa yokukhululwa kwezinto ezithile ngokuvunguza kusuka ekukhulelwe.
- Ukwanda kwe-viscosity ye-mucus yomlomo wesibeletho, ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwezinqubo zokujikeleza. Ngenxa yalokho, imingcele yemvelo idalwe endleleni yama-germ cells wesilisa, angafinyeleli i-oocyte.
Ukufaka idivayisi ye-intrauterine
Owesifazane oye wanquma ukusebenzisa ithuluzi elinjalo kuzodingeka enze inqubo ende yokuhlolwa. Ihlanganisa:
- Ama-smears avela emgodini wesisu nomgogodla wesibeletho;
- ukuhlolwa kwegazi nge-HIV ne-RV, isifo sofuba;
- I-ultrasound yezitho zomzimba;
- ukuhlaziywa okujwayelekile komchamo;
- ukuqedwa kokukhulelwa okukhona;
- ucwaninga ngezifo zocansi.
Uma ufake i-intrauterine idivayisi, lona wesifazane uza esikhungweni sezokwelapha ngemiphumela yohlolo. Ukufakwa kwe-IUD ngokwayo kwenziwa ezinsukwini ezingu-7 zokuqala kusukela ekuqaleni komjikelezo. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi ukuphuma kwayo ngenxa yokunyakaza okuvunyelweneyo kwe-myometrium kukhishwe, okuphawulwe ngokunyakaza kwenyanga. Ngaphambi kokuba idivayisi ye-intrauterine efakwe, udokotela wenza ukwelashwa kwentamo nge-anesthetic. Ukwethulwa kwezidakamizwa kwenziwa esikhwameni sokubeletha usebenzisa izibuko kanye ne-dilator. Inqubo ayikho ngaphezu kwemizuzu engu-5-10. Abesifazane ababhalisele ukukhwabanisa bahlushwa umbuzo wokuthi ngabe kubuhlungu ukufaka ukuvuthwa kokukhulelwa. Ukusetshenziswa kwezingxenye ze-analgesic kunciphisa ubuhlungu. Ukuqeda ngokuphelele ukuthi akunakwenzeka, ngenxa yokufeza inqubo yokwandiswa kwesiteshi somlomo wesibeletho. Ngakho-ke, ukukhathazeka okuthile kuhlangene, ubuhlungu obuncane obudlula amahora angu-1-2.
Ukususwa kwedivayisi ye-intrauterine
Ukukhishwa kwe-IUD kwenziwa ngokuthanda, lapho kwenziwa isinqumo ekuhleleni kokukhulelwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinsuku ezithile, kuye ngokuthi hlobo luni lwezinto ezithathwa ngalo. Ngokwesilinganiso, ingasetshenziswa iminyaka emihlanu. Kufika isikhathi lapho ungasusa khona idivayisi ye-intrauterine, futhi owesifazane uphendukela esikhungweni sezokwelapha.
Inqubo yenziwa ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini. Leli qiniso liwukuthi ukuvulwa komzimba komsele womlomo kuphawulwe ngalesi sikhathi, futhi lokhu kusiza inqubo yokukhipha. Ikhiqizwa ngezintambo ezihlanganiswe ne-IUD. Ukulawula ukuphumelela kokuxhaphazwa kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa i-ultrasound.
I-spiral intrauterine - izinhlobo
Ukuvunguza komuntu kusukela ekukhulelwe kukhethwe ngabanye, ngokucabangela izici zesimo sokuzala. Leli qiniso lidala inani elikhulu lezinhlobo ze-IUD. Njengoba ukuphelela kushintshe ukuma kanye nezinto ezivela kuyo imikhiqizo enjalo yokukhulelwa. Kunezizukulwane ezine:
- Ama-IUD angenayo. Ziyinye yezinhlobo zokuqala zokukhulelwa. Ibukeka bukeka njenge-Latin "S". Yayenziwe ekuqaleni nge-polyethylene. Ukusebenza kahle. Isibonelo se-Lips's loop.
- IUD ngethusi. Ukubukeka kwalezi zinzalo zokubeletha kwaba uhlobo lokuphumelela. Isici samakhemikhali sethusi sinempahla ye-spermicidal, iyathinta kakhulu ukusebenza nokusheshisa kokuhamba kwe-spermatozoa. Ukungahambi kahle ukunikezwa kwesethusi, okubeka isikhathi sokusetshenziswa - kudinga ukushintshwa eminyakeni engu-2-3. Lezi zihlanganisa noNova-T.
- I-Navy isiliva. Uhlobo olulandelayo lokubeletha. Ukwethulwa kwe-ions zesiliva kwandisa ithuba lokusebenzisa kuze kube ngu-5 iminyaka. Intrauterine Kuvunguza Multiload ibhekisela kulezo zokukhulelwa.
- Ukuvuthwa kwe-hormonal kusuka ekukhulelwe. Ingxenye ye-hormone - i-progesterone noma i-levonorgestrel - ingezwa ezinyaweni zelolu hlobo. Lezi zinto eziphilayo zivimbela ukuvuthwa, ukukhululwa kweqanda kusuka ku-follicle. Ngokuvamile ikhambi libhekwa njengedivayisi ye-intrauterine yokwelapha. Umphumela omuhle uphawulwe ohlelweni lokuzala njengoba luphelele, okuqinisekisiwe ukwehla kwezifo zezifo ezivuthayo. Idivayisi ye- Mirena intrauterine yile hlobo.
- I-Navy ngegolide. Isibonelo - i-GoldLeilly, - idivaysi ye-intrauterine ene-plastic base, ehlanganiswe ngentambo yethusi kanye nokungcola kwensimbi eyigugu.
Uma sicabangela izinhlobo ze-IUDs, kubalulekile ukusho ngokwehlukana mayelana nokubonakala kwe-spiral kusukela ekukhulelwe. Kuye ngesimo, okulandelayo kuvezwe:
- kufana nencwadi "T";
- ngesimo se-loop;
- i-annular;
- efana nokuvuthwa okuphethekile, isambulela.
Idivayisi ye-intrauterine yegolide
Ukukhula okuphansi kwaloluhlobo lwe-IUD kubangelwa izindleko eziphezulu. Kodwa i-intrauterine evunguza ngegolide iyinhlobonhlobo yokukhetha kwabesifazane abazimisele ukusebenzisa le ndlela yokuvimbela ukukhulelwa. Inzuzo yale nguqulo yokuvunguza yiqiniso lokuthi akuhambisani neze nezinguquko ezimbi. Ngenxa yalokho, ingasetshenziswa iminyaka engu-7. Ukusabela okubangelwa i-allergenic akufakiwe.
Idivayisi ye-Silver intrauterine
Ukuntuleka kwesidingo sokushintsha njalo kokukhulelwa kubaluleke kakhulu kwabesifazane. Idivayisi ye-intrauterine ngesiliva ibhekisela enjalo. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ingaphakathi (ingxenyeni yangaphakathi) yenziwe ngethusi. Ukumboza nge-ion yesiliva akulona nje isikhathi eside sokuphila komsebenzi (iminyaka emihlanu), kodwa futhi kwanciphisa izimo zezinqubo zokuvuvukala. Ukuqeda ngokuphelele ukungabi khona kokuphendula ekukhuleni komzimba wesifazane akunakwenzeka.
Idivayisi ye-intrauterine yocopha
Lolu hlobo lwe-IUD lubhekisela ezindleleni zakudala zokukhulelwa. Ukulula kokukhiqiza nezindleko eziphansi kuye kwabangela ukusabalala okukhulu kwe-adaptation. Ngokuhlelekile yinkinga epulasitiki lapho ucingo lwethusi lulima khona. Ngenxa yokuthi iyakwazi ukubola, ukuvuthwa okunjalo kokudinga ukwelashwa kudinga ukushintshwa eminyakeni engu-2-3 yokusetshenziswa. I-Metal ion ithinta kakhulu umuthi, ukunciphisa ukuhamba kwawo. Ukukhulelwa kweqanda akukwenzeka.
Idivayisi ye-hormonal intrauterine
Isici esakhayo esiyingqayizivele sici ukuthi i-levonorgestrel iqukethe isitsha seplastiki esikhethekile. Ukuvulwa kwe-T, njengemithi yokubeletha ngomlomo, kuthinta inqubo ye-ovulatory ezingeni le-hormonal, ngaphezu kokudala isithintelo semikhakha ekufakweni kweqanda elifakwe ku-endometrium.
Idivayisi ye-intrauterine ene-ring equkethe ama-hormone. Zinikezwa ngokulinganayo, nsuku zonke. Imiphumela emibi, ngendlela yokubukeka kwesiphithiphithi, inzuzo yesisindo somzimba, ekhonjiswa ngokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwezibeletha zomlomo, ayifakiwe. Kungenxa yokuthi ama-hormone awafaki igazi eliphelele lomzimba wesifazane.
Intrauterine Kuvunguza - okungcono?
Umbuzo wokuthi ungakhetha kanjani ukukhulelwa kokubeletha kunakho konke okwesaba owesifazane. Odokotela abamniki impendulo engavamile. Ngenxa yokuthi ukukhethwa kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngumchwepheshe. Ngokususelwa ekutholeni, ngemva kokuhlolwa esihlalweni sobubele, uhlobo lukhethiwe. Ngenxa yalokhu, ayikho into enjengokuthi "i-spiral best spirtive spirals". Odokotela bacabangela okuningi kwama-nuances ekukhethweni kwabo.
I-intrauterine yokuvunguza - izinzuzo nezingozi
Njenganoma yikuphi ukukhulelwa, ukuvuthwa kokukhulelwa kunenzuzo nezinsalela. Njengoba kunikezwe leli qiniso, phendula ngokungapheli lo mbuzo: yini engcono, amaphilisi okulawula ukuvuthwa noma ukuzalwa, hhayi udokotela oyedwa ongakwazi. Phakathi kwezinzuzo zale ndlela yokuvikela, kubalulekile ukubiza igama:
- Ukusebenza kahle 98%;
- isikhathi sokusebenzisa - iminyaka engu-3-10;
- Asikho isidingo sokuqapha okuqhubekayo;
- ukululama okusheshayo komsebenzi wokuzala ngemva kokukhipha.
Phakathi kwezici ezimbi zokusetshenziswa kweNavy kukhona:
- Ukwandisa, ukwandisa umthamo wokugeleza kokuya esikhathini;
- ukukhathazeka ngokuya esikhathini;
- ukuchithwa kwe-IUD - ukuxoshwa;
- ingozi eyengeziwe yokukhulelwa kwe-ectopic;
- ukusabela okweqile;
- ukunciphisa ubukhulu be-endometrium.
Idivayisi ye-intrauterine - izinqunquthela
Akukho ukukhulelwa kwendawo yonke. Ngezizathu ezithile, owesifazane oyedwa angase avunyelwe imishanguzo ye-hormonal, enye - izidakamizwa ezijoqelwe esibelethweni. Ngaphandle kwakho konke, ukuvimbela ukukhulelwa, ukuphikisana nokufakwa kokufaka, kuyakufaneleka:
- izinqubo ezinjenge-tumor ohlelweni lokuzala;
- ukuvuvukala kwezitho zomzimba;
- isimo esingavamile sesibindi, ukuguqulwa kwesigxobo salo;
- ukutholakala kwegazi lomzimba;
- ukukhulelwa kwamanje;
- isifo sofuba sezitho zomzimba.
I-spiral intrauterine - imiphumela
Ukufakwa kwesisu okunjalo kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngumchwepheshe oqeqeshiwe. Ukuqiniswa kahle kwezinkinga ze-intrauterine ezingavamile. Phakathi kwabo kukhona:
- ukutheleleka endleleni ekhuphuka esuka emzimbeni;
- ushintsho ekuqondeni kokusabalalisa komswakama wesibeletho (kusukela esibelethweni kufinyelela emagqumeni angama-falsipian, ngezinye izikhathi kufinyelela emgodini wesisu, ngokuvamile - ngokusebenzisa isisu kuvela ngaphandle);
- ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic;
- ukwanda kokuphuma esikhathini ukuya esikhathini.