Ama-eggplants - akhule futhi anakekele emhlabathini ovulekile, izici zezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu

Uma ufuna ukuba nesitshalo seqanda sakho etafuleni, ukulima nokunakekelwa emhlabathini ovulekile ngemuva kwazo kungenziwa ngokuphumelelayo ngempumelelo. Zibalwa phakathi kohlobo lwe-Solanaceae ngokuhambisana nama-utamatisi, amazambane kanye ne-pepper, kodwa ukutshalwa "okwesibhakabhaka", njengoba kuthiwa kuthiwa abendlukazi, banezici zayo.

Izinhlobo ze-isitshalo sevulekile

Ukulima endaweni evulekile ukululeka ukukhetha izinhlobo ezikhiqiza kakhulu, ezingalahleki kanye nokuvuthwa kokuqala okwesibhakabhaka. Zihlukile ngobukhulu nokuma kwesithelo, isikhathi sokuvuthwa, ngisho nemifino yemifino, ngaphandle kwe-lilac, kunomnqumo, ubisi, obomvu, obomvu. Izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zezitshalo zeqanda ezivulekile:

1. U-Alekseevsky uyinhlobo esheshayo, ekhiqizayo, isihlahla esingaba ngu-70 cm usayizi. Imifino ye-Violet, ama-gramu angu-145, ithambile futhi ingenakufutheka.
2. I-Robin Hood - lo mkhiqizo uqala phambili ekumelaneni nemibandela engalungile, isihlahla sikhula kufika ku-1 m, izithelo zikhulu - kufika ku-300 g. Imifino i-lilac, enhle kakhulu yokulondolozwa.
3. Idayimani - ibanga lokuqopha umkhiqizo (8 kg per 1 m ² ), i-shrub encane engama-56 cm, izithelo ezimnyama ezibomvu, ama-gramu angu-165, inyama enohlaza.
4. I-black handsome - iphuma ngesisindo esibaluleke kakhulu sezithelo (cishe 200 g), esichazwa isivuno esihle futhi sikwazi ukuphikisana nezifo.
5. I-Epic F1 - efanele ukulima ezweni lonke, izithelo ezinjenge-purple-dark purple zivuthwe ekuqaleni.

Ukutshala isitshalo seqanda emhlabathini ovulekile

Iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuyisiko elifudumele nelothando. Ukutshala ama-arborini emhlabathini ovulekile kuhlelwe endaweni lapho umhlaba ushuthukiswa khona kalula ngemisebe yelanga, akukho moya obandayo. Izansi ezikhethiweyo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zinamakhemikhali ahlanzekile, ama-sandy and loamy. Izindleko ezinzima zihlwanyelwa i-peat noma i-humus ngokulingana nebhakede ngalinye eli-1 m ² . Isitshalo seqanda - i-nightshade, ekhulayo futhi enakekelwa emhlabathini ovulekile ivumelekile eduze kwe-pepper no-utamatisi, futhi hhayi ngemuva kwayo. Amaprosesa aqondile okweluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwakuyi-izaqathe, anyanisi, iklabishi, ukhukhamba, i-peas, ama-melon.

Indlela yokutshala ama-aubergini endaweni evulekile?

I-Sinenki ikhetha ukushisa, ungahlali emakhazeni futhi endaweni elinganisiwe iyalinywa ngosizo lwezithombo. Isitshalo seqanda, ukunakekelwa nokukhulelwa ngaphandle - ukulungiselela izinto zokutshala:

• isikhathi sokuhlwanyela - maphakathi no-Mashi;
• imbewu ekhethiwe yengxenye yehora isetshenziswe ngesisombululo sama-manganese, agcinwa emanzini ashisayo (+ 50 ° C) imizuzu engamashumi amabili;
• okusanhlamvu okusakazeka kuma-discs wool discs, ukuhluma, bazokwenza proklyutsya emva kwezinsuku 6-7;
• ngoba izithombo zithatha ukuqoqwa kwenhlabathi evundile, i-humus nesihlabathi esihle kakhulu inhlanganisela ka-5: 3: 1;
• Ukuhlwanyela yiziqukathi zangempela zamabhodlela noma iphepha, ama-granules agxiliwe yi-1 cm;
• imbewu ehlanganiswe ne-cellophane, ephuziswa, igcinwe ku-25 ° C;
• lapho kuvela amahle omhlaba, agcinwa ku-16 ° C, anqume ukuchelela;
• ngaphambi kokufika emigodini yezinsuku izinsuku ezingu-2-3 ezibeka elangeni imizuzu engu-15 ukuyokhipha imifino endaweni yokubeka emgwaqweni;
• isikhathi sokulungiselela izithombo yizinsuku ezingu-60-75.

Ukutshala isithombo sesitshalo seqanda emhlabathini ovulekile uma amahlumela anamaqabunga amahlanu kanye nezimpande eziyi-10 cm. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuhlanganiswa izibindi, zithuthukiswa ngamanzi afudumele, izithombo zisekelwe emthonjeni owakhiwe ngaphambi kokuqala kwamacembe kanye nenhla yomhlabathi esitsheni. Sitshala ngaphambi kokutshala kakhulu. Umhlaba ozungeze isihlahla uhlanjululwa, ufafazwe nge-peat. Izithombo zezitshalo, ukubuka igebe emigqeni ka-60 cm kanye nesinyathelo phakathi kwama-40 cm.

Ngesikhathi sokutshala ama-eggplant emhlabathini ovulekile?

Izithombo zezitshalo ezilungelelwe zifakwa emhlabathini lapho amaqabunga okutshala emhlabathini ovulekile esivele ephephile futhi akakho ubungozi bokushisa ebusuku. Izimo eziyinhloko zokufakelwa kwezitshalo - izinga lokushisa lomhlaba lingama-18 ° C, iminyaka yamahlumela ezinyangeni ezingu-2-2.5, ukuphakama kungama-17-25 cm. Ngokuyinhloko yezingxenye ze-agroclimatic yomhlaba ongewona omnyama, isikhathi sokutshala okuphephile kwezitshalo siwela eminyakeni eyishumi yokuqala kaJuni.

Indlela yokukhulisa ama-eggplant emhlabathini ovulekile?

Izitshalo ze-Garden ngesikhathi sokulima zidinga ukukhishwa okuhleliwe kwe-substrate, ukuchelela njalo, ukusetshenziswa kwamanyolo, ukulawula ukhula, izidumbu. Ngezinye izikhathi izihlahla zifafazwa ngesiraphu isiraphu ngenkathi izimbali zihola izinambuzane ukuze zingcolile ama-ovari. Isikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezinhlobo zakuqala yizinsuku eziyi-100, sekwephuzile - 150. Ukuqoqa isitshalo sokuvuna izinsuku ezingu-40 ngemuva kokuchichima. Bakha ummese, i-blue blue ingagcinwa inyanga eyodwa. Ukugcinwa kwazo zonke izimo zokunakekelwa kuzokuvumela ukuthi ube nesivuno esikhulu - 2-8 kg / m ² .

Iyini ukushisa kwama-aubergini emhlabathini ovulekile?

Ukukhula kwama-arborini ensimini kudinga ukugcwaliseka kwazo zonke izidingo zobuchwepheshe bezolimo. Ukushisa okufanelekile kokuthuthukiswa okuhle kwesiko kuyinto + 25-28 ° С. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezingaphansi kuka-15 ° C, lesi sitshalo sivimbela ukukhula. Kufa okuncane noma okuqhubekayo okunye okushisa kufayo. Iningi elibhekene nezidingo zezithombo. Izinguquko zokushisa ezinamandla ziholela ekuwa kwe-efihlekile, ama-ovari.

Imibhede ye-isitshalo seqanda emhlabathini ovulekile

Insimu yemifino ngaphansi kwesitshalo seqanda kufanele ikhanyiswe kahle futhi ihlanzwe kusuka kokhula. Okukhethwa kukho ukuhlwanyela izithombo ngemigqa ngebanga elingaphezulu kwe-1 imitha. Phakathi nenkathi yokukhula, isihlahla sizingelwa kabili nge-substrate yenhlabathi ngaphansi kwempande. Izithombo ezincane ziyesaba ukushisa ebusuku. Ngakho-ke, akukho okushiwo okumele ukwenze kodwa ukumboza isitshalo seqanda emhlabathini ovulekile ngesongo sezulu esibanda. Ngoba leli cellophane lithelela emagcekeni ocingweni, efakwe endaweni ephakeme ye-1 m ngaphezu kombhede. Ukuyihlanza ngokuphelele lapho kuqala ukushisa okuzinzile, ngokuvamile emva kukaJuni 15.

Umhlabathi we-isitshalo seqanda emhlabathini ovulekile

Inhlabathi idinga izithelo ezivuthiwe, ezibuthakathaka noma ezingathathi hlangothi. Ama-eggplants, akhula futhi anakekelwa emhlabathini ovulekile, oqala ekwindla nokulungiswa komhlaba, awutholi lutho olubi. Isayithi liqala ukugxila ngokujulile ngaphakathi kwe-bayonet ye-spade ngokufaka umquba wamanzi, ngaphandle kokhula, ukuxilongwa nge-disinfected. Ukuze ungenwa i-disinfection, thatha i-1-2 tbsp yethusi sulfate ibhakede ngalinye lamanzi.

Ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo bayobumba ekujuleni okunciphile, kanye nesihlabathi (noma sawdust) kanye namanyolo: 10-20 g we-ammonium nitrate, 40 g we-superphosphate, 20 g we-potassium chloride kanye no-3 kg we-humus kumitha 1 we square. Ngemuva kombhede, i-rake ishicilelwe futhi ifakwe. Phakathi nemibhangqwana yokuqala yokuqala emva kokutshala kwamaqabunga, izithombo zitshalwe, zikhula futhi zizinakekele zihilela ngempela i-podpushivanie ekujuleni kwe-10 cm Le ndlela ithuthukisa ukufinyelela kwe-oksijeni kuya emahlumela asempande.

Indlela yokwakha isitshalo seqanda emhlabathini ovulekile?

Ukuze uthole isihlahla esinezici ezineziqu ezinamandla, isitshalo seqanda siphenduliwe emhlabathini ovulekile. Ngemuva kokuthi lesi sitshalo sifinyelele ku-30 ​​cm ukuphakama, isiqu esiphakeme sinquma iphuzu. Kusukela emahlumela amasha ukhethe amandla 4-5, amanye ama-stepsons anqunywe. Kulezi ziqu ezisele, kuzotholakala isivuno sezitshalo. Esimweni esisodwa, ama-ovaries angaphezu kuka-20 asele ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-rosettes adiliziwe, ukuze izinyathelo ezengeziwe zingathathi izakhi ezivela emifino.

Ungadla kanjani ama-eggplant emhlabathini ovulekile?

Izitshalo ze-eggplant, ukutshala nokunakekelwa emhlabathini ovulekile, okwenziwa ngokuvumelana nama-agrotechnics, udinga ukufaka umanyolo owengeziwe. Imithetho yokudla:

1. Qala ukutshala izithombo ezinsukwini ezingu-10-15 ngenhlanganisela yokulungiselela amaminerali: 50 g we-superphosphate, kanye no-10 g we-ammonium nitrate, 20 g wesawoti e-potassium ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi. Empeleni isitshalo siphendula nge-makeup.
2. Ukondla okwesibili ama-aubergini endaweni evulekile kuhlelwe izinsuku ezingu-20 emva kokuqala, isimiso samaminerali sisuka izikhathi ezimbili.
3. Ukugcwaliswa kwesithathu kuyadingeka esigabeni se-fruiting: ku-10 amalitha amanzi, 80 g we-urea ne-superphosphate kanye no-10 g we-potassium chloride.
4. Isixazululo siphumela ngaphansi kwesihlahla, ngemuva kokugqoka phezulu isitshalo sithwa ngamanzi ahlanzekile, ukuze kungashisi izimpande.

Indlela yokuphuza ama-aubergini emhlabathini ovulekile?

I-Sinenki - izitshalo ezinama-hygrophilous, ukunakekelwa kwama-aergergini kuphakamisa ukunyisa okunomsoco okuningi. Okokuqala, izithombo aziphuzi, kodwa zanisela, uma umhlaba usomile. Ukuchelela kokuqala kwezithombo kwenziwa ngemuva kwezinsuku ezintathu, bese kuthi ekuseni, njalo ngesonto. Esikhathini esishisayo sezulu, imvamisa yokukhuphuka kwenyuka. Thepha amanzi amahora angu-24 avikelwe ku-chlorine ezindaweni ezivulekile, ushuthele ku-25 ° C. Izinga lokunisela lilinganiselwa ku-10 amalitha ngehora elilodwa elilodwa. Kudingeka ukuthululela amanzi ngaphansi kwempande, hhayi ukuwa emahlamvu. Awukwazi ukuvumela ukwakheka kwe-crust ngemuva kokunisela - ukunakekelwa kwesitshalo kusho ukukhululeka.

Izici zokutshala isitshalo seqanda, izifo nezinambuzane

I-Garden Eggplant kukhona ezinye izimfihlo zokukhula:

• bayakuthanda ukukhanya, ukukhwabanisa nokuhlelwa ngaphansi komqhele wezihlahla nezitshalo kuphuza ukukhula kwesiko;
• Inhlabathi enomhlabathi ne- humus emva kokutshala inomphumela omuhle okwesibhakabhaka;
• Ngokuntuleka kobuthakathaka bomswakama kuyawa, nemifino ithola imivimbo embi;
• ukuze uthole izithelo ezinkulu nezinhle, udonsa phezu kwezihlahla zemifino ezingeni lamaqabunga amabili ngaphezu kohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Izitshalo ezingapheli zisuswe ngokuphelele;
• Esikhathini sezulu sezulu izitshalo zifakwe amafreyimu aqhekekile ukuze kugweme ukubonakala kokubola.

Umonakalo omkhulu kuma-arubergines ngenkathi kutshalwa nokunakekelwa endle kubangela izifo, izinambuzane:

1. Izifo zamabhaktheriya ezitholakala emnyama, i-necrosis yangaphakathi. Bashiya amabala ezithelo. Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, kubalulekile ukuqoqa imbewu emifino enempilo, ukuchithwa kwe-autumnal kwenhlabathi nge-sulfate yethusi, ukubhujiswa kwezitshalo zezitshalo ezedlule emibhedeni ezayo.
2. UMose wamaqabunga. Ukugula okugciwane, ukubhubhisa isivuno. Ukuvikelwa nokunakekelwa: imbewu yenziwe nge-potassium permanganate; izithombo ziphuziswa ngobisi zihlanjululwe ngamanzi (1:10), zihlanganiswe nefilimu; Inventory, amathuluzi namabhokisi akhiphekile nge-potassium permanganate.
3. Ama-Aphid. Idla ijusi kusuka emahlumela, ngoba ukubhujiswa kweCarbofos isetshenziswa.
4. Isibungu se-spider. Selitsya ngezansi kweqabunga. Ukubambisana kusetshenziselwa ukumnika u-anyanisi noma i-dandelion, ngokufaka isobho elimanzi.
5. Slugs. Hamba amaqabunga nezithelo. I-Primer eduze kwehlathi kufanele ifafazwe ngomlotha, usawoti, pepper obomvu, uthuli logwayi.