Ukuqokwa kuyinkinga evamile engenzeka kumntwana kunoma yimuphi ubudala. Ngomntwana oneminyaka engama-2.5-3, ukuqothulwa ngokuvamile akubanga nje imbangela yokukhala nokukhathazeka okubi, kepha kungathinta nokukhula komzimba. Odokotela babiza ukuqothulwa ukuhlukunyezwa komzimba wesibilini, lapho izikhathi eziningana phakathi kokuhamba kwamathumbu kukhula kakhulu, futhi isenzo sokuhlukunyezwa singabangela ukunganaki nobuhlungu. Uma isitokisi sibambezelekile ngokuhlelekile, ukuqothulwa kuba okungajwayelekile, okubonakala ngomzwelo wokunyakaza okungaphelelanga, ukutholakala kwamacala okuntuleka kwesitokisi ngemuva kokuhlukunyezwa, nokugwedla ngokweqile.
Ukuqokwa kwabantwana eminyakeni engama-3 kuvame ukuxhomekeka esimweni sokudla kanye nezici zomzimba ngamunye. Kwezinye izingane, ukuphuma kwamathumbu kwenzeka nsuku zonke, kodwa ivolumu yendaba ye-fecal ingaphansi kuka-35 g ngosuku, lesi simo singabhekwa njengokuqothulwa.
Izimbangela zokuqothulwa ezinganeni
- Ezinganeni zangaphambi kwesikole, esinye sezimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokuqothulwa ukungabikho kwe-fiber ekudleni. Ngosuku, kunconywa ukuthi kudle okungenani ama-30-35 amagremu we-fibre yokudla etholakala emifinini eminingi, izithelo namajikijolo. Okuqukethwe okusele kwamaprotheni wezilwane namafutha okuphambene nalokho kufanele kube nokuthuthukiswa kwesitoreji se-stool.
- Ukuqokwa kwengqondo kwengane eminyaka engama-3 kungavela ngenxa yokucindezelwa kwesifiso sokungena ngaphakathi emathunjini ekuqaleni kokuvakashela kwengane enkulisa, lapho ingane igwema ukuxoshwa ngaphandle kwekhaya.
- Ingane ingabangela ukulibaziseka ngokungenakuqondiswa kwesitokisini ngenxa yenqubo ebuhlungu yokuhlukunyezwa ngemifantu kule-anus noma emva kokungenelela kokuhlinzwa ezithombeni zesisu.
- Ukucindezeleka kungaba nomthelela omubi ekukhuliseni kwamathumbu emathunjini, ikakhulukazi abantwana abathola umndeni noma ukuhlushwa kwezenhlalakahle (ukungabi khona okudingekayo).
Ukwelashwa kokuqokwa kwabantwana
Ukwelashwa kokuqokwa komsebenzi ezinganeni kufanele kuqale ngokushintsha kwendlela yokuphila nokudla komntwana. Ingane enomzimba kufanele ihlinzekwe ngombuso ohamba kahle ngokwanele, kufaka phakathi ukuhamba okude nokuzivocavoca. Izingane ezinokuqokwa ziyadingeka ukubhukuda, ukuhamba, ukuzivocavoca ukuqinisa udonga lwangaphambili lwesisu kanye nesitezi se-pelvic, ishazi lesisindilinga, njll. Ukuthuthukisa ukucabanga kokusebenza njalo kwamathumbu kubantwana kuzosiza inkambo yokusikhipha ngokuqothulwa, okumele kwenziwe nsuku zonke amahora angu-1,5-2 ngemva kokudla. Kukhona izingane ezinamavila okuya ebhodweni uma zidinga, ngaleyo ndlela zivimbela izifiso. Izingane ezinjalo kufanele futhi zenze "ukuqeqeshwa kwezindlu zangasese", ezinciphisa ukuba zitshalwe embizeni izikhathi ezintathu ngosuku emva kokudla futhi zibandakanya ukukhuthazwa okudingekayo kokuthunyelwa ngesikhathi esifanele. Kubalulekile ukukhipha umthelela wesimo sezulu esingathandeki. Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuthatha imithi, kufanele uthole ukuthi yini engcono ukondla ingane ngokuqotshwa. Ukudla kwengane eneminyaka engama-3 ubudala, ehlushwa isisu, kumele ihlanganise 200-300 gr. imifino eluhlaza nezithelo ngosuku. Kunconyelwe ukusetshenziswa kukhona ama-porridges ama-coarse-fiber (ibhakheheat, ibhali), isinkwa nge-bran kanye nemikhiqizo yobisi omuncu (ubisi obhakawo obisiwe, i-kefir, ibhotela). Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingane isiphuza okwanele ketshezi: okungenani i-50 ml nge-1 kg yomzimba. Kungaba njalo
Ukwelapha ukuqothulwa, kunezidakamizwa eziningi zezokwelapha, kodwa iningi labantwana lincoma ukusebenzisa ama-osmotic laxatives kuphela angenawo emathanjeni omzimba, kodwa ukwandisa kuphela i-peristalsis futhi isuse ukuqotshwa. Akulona umlutha, ngakho angasetshenziswa izikhathi eziningi. Lezi zihlanganisa i-lactulose ne-polyethylene glycol.
I-agent esebenzayo yokuqokwa okulodwa enganeni iyinhlangano ye-enema, noma kunjalo, ukusetshenziselwa kwayo njalo kungabangela ukulutha komzimba, okuyinto engathandeki ezinganeni.