Ukukhulelwa kweqanda kungumzuzu wokuzalwa kokuphila okusha, umhlangano wamaseli amabili okuzovela kuwo umuntu. Le nqubo - eyinkimbinkimbi futhi emangalisa, ecatshangelwa ngemvelo - inesithakazelo esikhulu kokubili ososayensi nabazali besikhathi esizayo.
Lapho iqanda likhulelwa khona
Ukukhiqizwa kweqanda kwenzeka, njengombuso, emathanjeni omzimba, okuvela esibelethweni kuya kuma-ovaries. Kusukela kuma-ovari ukuthi iqanda lomama lishiya bese lihlangana ne-spermatozoon. Ngemuva kokuthi i-zygote yehla esibelethweni futhi ibheka indawo okumele uyihlanganise nayo, lapho izokhula khona ezinyangeni ezingu-9 ezilandelayo.
Izigaba zokukhulelwa kwama-oocyte
Ukukhiqizwa kweqanda kungenzeka, ngokwesilinganiso, kanye ngenyanga. Kodwa wazi kanjani ukuthi iqanda likulungele ukukhulelwa? Uma lo mjikelezo uzinzile, zonke izinyanga zifika ngesikhathi futhi zigcina cishe inani elifanayo lezinsuku, ngakho-ke akunzima ukubala ukukhulelwa kweqanda ngosuku. Njengomthetho, iseli lilungele ukuzalwa kwezinsuku ezintsha ezingu-14 ngaphambi kokuphela komjikelezo. Lokhu kungakanani isigaba sesibili sokujikeleza kokuya esikhathini. Isigaba sokuqala sihlukahluka kuye ngokuthi izici ze-hormonal, futhi zingahlala ezinsukwini ezingu-7 kuya kwezingu-16 noma ngaphezulu.
Kodwa-ke, kwabanye besifazane umjikelezo awuzinzile, ngakho-ke isikhathi sokukhulelwa kwe-oocyte singenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Ikhono le-ovum lokutshala ligcinwa amahora angu-12 kuya kwangu-48. I-Spermatozoa ingaphila emgqatsheni wamazinyo kuze kube yizinsuku ezingu-5-7, ngenxa yalokhu amathuba okukhulelwa emjikelezweni ngamunye uphakeme ngisho nangezenzo ezingavamile zocansi.
Kunzima ukusho ukuthi umanyolo we-ovum uhlala isikhathi eside kangakanani. Izinga lokunyakaza kwe-spermatozoa emaphepheni ezitho zangasese kungamamitha angu-2 ngehora, kepha iqanda lingase lingakalungi ngesikhathi lifika endaweni yalo. Ngakho-ke, isikhathi sokukhulelwa kweqanda sikhululwe ngokwanele ngesikhathi - kusukela ocansini kuya ekuhlanganiseni kungathatha amahora amathathu kuya ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Konke lokhu umzimba uzolinda isignali yokukhulelwa. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, umjikelezo uzophela, ukuya esikhathini kuzokufika futhi inqubo izoqala kabusha.
Amacala ayingqayizivele
Kwezinye izimo, umjikelezo olandelayo wesifazane awuvuni iqanda elilodwa, kodwa amabili. Kulokhu, ukukhulelwa kwamaqanda amabili kunokwenzeka, futhi umphumela wokukhulelwa kuyoba ukuzalwa kwamawele, lawo mawele abizwa ngokuthi i-raznoyaytsevymi. Bangaba nobulili obuhlukile futhi bangafani kakhulu njengokwesimo esiyingqayizivele. Ngaphansi kaningi ama-ovari akhipha ama-3-4 namaqanda avuthiwe nakakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ukuqothulwa kwamaqanda (IVF). Kulesi simo, ukukhulelwa kweqanda elinesidumbu kubonakala ku-tube test, futhi emva kokuba i-zygote ifakwe emzimbeni womama noma owesifazane ozimisele ukuzala ingane embalwa. Njengomthetho, inqubo ye-IVF isebenzisa amaqanda amaningana akhulelwe ngesikhathi esisodwa ukwandisa umphumela wemiphumela ephumelelayo. Ukuze uthole ukuthi, kungakanani ukukhulelwa kweqanda kwenzeka kule nkinga kungenzeka kungakapheli amahora nemizuzu.
Kwenzekani emva kokukhulelwa kweqanda
Emva kokukhulelwa kweqanda kuqala inqubo ende yokuthuthukiswa kwayo. Amaseli aqala ukuhlukanisa, ababili bazalwa kusuka emine, bese kuba khona ayisishiyagalombili njalonjalo. Kungakapheli amasonto ambalwa, i-embryo encane izoqala ukuqhuma nge-aorta, izitho ezisemqoka zizobekwa, izandla nezinyawo zizokwenziwa. Kusukela umzuzu wokukhulelwa ku-zygote kakade
Kodwa-ke, kanye ne-ovum, yonke imvelo yomama idlula indlela enkulu yentuthuko. Isimo se-hormonal, ukusabela kwamakhemikhali, isibeletho silungiselelwa ukufakwa kweqanda, okuzokwenzeka emavikini angu-1-2 futhi kuzohlala izinsuku ezimbili. Ngokushesha umama ozayo uzozizwa ngalezi zinguquko ngokwakhe - isimo sempilo, isimo sengqondo, isifiso siyashintsha, futhi ukukhulelwa kungaqinisekiswa ngezivivinyo zezokwelapha. Emasontweni angu-7-8 emva kokukhulelwa ingane ingabonwa kwi-ultrasound, kuyoba isithombe sakhe sokuqala.