Ukwakhiwa kweReichstag kungenye yezimpawu zeBerlin yanamuhla. Okokuqala, lokhu kungenye yezixhumanisi ezibalulekile zomlando omdala wamadolobha alo kanye neJalimane njengamanye. Okwesibili, ukwakheka kweReichstag, okwakhiwe ngesitayela se-neo-Renaissance futhi kubuyiselwe ngendlela ehlukile kakhulu, kuyaphawuleka.
Umlando weReichstag
Lokhu kwakhiwa kwavela ngisho nangaphansi kukaKaiser Wilhelm I, owabeka itshe lakhe lokuqala ngo-1884. Ukuze kudluliselwe ipalamente yaleso sikhathi enhloko-dolobha entsha yaseJalimane, eBerlin, kwakhiwa isakhiwo esimangalisayo. Ukwakhiwa kweprojekthi uPaul Vallot kwaphela iminyaka eyishumi, futhi kwaqedwa kakade ngesikhathi sokubusa kukaWilliam II.
Ngo-1933, lesi sakhiwo sasivutha ngomlilo, okwakuyisizathu sokuthatha amaNazi ngamandla. Izinguquko eziqongweni eziqhamukayo zezwe zaholela ekubeni ngemuva kokushiswa kweReichstag, iphalamende laseJalimane layeka ukubuthana ekwakhiweni okonakalisiwe. Eminyakeni eyalandela, i-Reichstag yasetshenziselwa inkulumo-mlando yeNazism, bese-ukuze izidingo zempi.
Impi eyayiyinhloko-dolobha yaseJalimane yamaNazi ngo-Ephreli 1945 yashiya uphawu olukhulu emlandweni wezwe. Impi yesibhakela se-Victory phezu kweReichstag yenzeke ngemuva kokunqotshwa kweBellin ngamabutho aseSoviet. Noma kunjalo, umbuzo othi ubani obeka ifulege kuReichstag ingxabano. Okokuqala, ngo-Ephreli 30, ifulegi elibomvu lahlonywa amasosha aseRed Army R. Koshkarbayev noG. Bulatov, futhi ngosuku olulandelayo, ngoMeyi 1, ibhanela likaVictory laqalwa phezulu kwesakhiwo ngamasosha amathathu aseSoviet - edumile i-A. Berest, uMnuz Kantaria noMnu Egorov. Ngandlela-thile, kukhona ngisho nomdlalo wamanje wekhompiyutha ezindabeni zempi, okuthiwa "Umgwaqo oya eReichstag".
Lapho iRecichstag ithathwa, amasosha amaningi aseSoviet ahamba khona emibhalo ekhumbulekayo, evame ngisho nokuhlambalaza. Ngesikhathi sokuvuselelwa kwesakhiwo eminyakeni yawo-1990, sekuyisikhathi eside inqume ukuthi izolondolozwa noma cha, ngoba lezi graffiti nazo ziyingxenye yomlando. Ngenxa yezingxoxo ezinde, kunqunywe ukushiya abangu-159 kubo, futhi imibhalo yokuhlambalaza nokucwaswa kobuhlanga ukuze isuse. Namuhla ungabona okuthiwa i-Memory Wall ngokuvakashela i-Reichstag nge-guide. Ngaphandle kwemibhalo, emagcekeni wezakhiwo zeReichstag eBerlin nazo zilandelana nezinhlamvu.
Ema-60s isakhiwo sabuyiselwa futhi okwesikhashana saphenduka umyuziyamu womlando waseJalimane.
I-Berlin Reichstag namuhla
Ukwakhiwa kabusha kweReichstag kwakamuva ngo-1999, lapho kuvulwe ngokukhululekile umsebenzi wephalamende. Manje lesi sakhiwo sijabulisa ukubukeka kwezivakashi ngokubukeka okungavamile. Ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo sekushintshe ngaphezu kokuqaphela: igumbi lokuqala lihlala ngunobhala wephalamende, iphansi lesibini liyihholo lezikhathi eziningi, kanti okwesithathu kuhloselwe izivakashi. Ngenhla kukhona amazinga amabili ngaphezulu - i-presidium kanye ne-factional. Umqhele wezakhiwo ezibuyiselwe zeReichstag iyi-glass dome enkulu, kusukela emgodini ovulekele umbono omkhulu womuzi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokusho kwencwadi kaNorman Foster, isakhiwo sokuqala se-Bundestag sigcinwa, okwakhiwa umklomelo ngokwakhe umklomelo wePritzker.
Ungabona konke lokhu ubuhle ngamehlo akho ngokubhalisa ku-Reichstag eBerlin ngeposi, ngefeksi noma kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-Bundestag yaseJalimane. Ukwenza lokhu, thumela isicelo equkethe igama lakho, isibongo kanye nosuku lokuzalwa. Ukurekhoda kwenziwa yonke imizuzu engu-15 (izivakashi ezingaphezu kuka-25 ngesikhathi). Njengomthetho, ukungena ku-Reichstag akuyona inkinga.
Ukuvakashela iReichstag mahhala, isakhiwo sivulekile nsuku zonke kusuka emahoreni angu-8 kuya kwangu-24.
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