Kusukela ezihlukahlukene kanye nemvelo yokuvela kwezitshalo kuxhomeke kukho konke ukwelashwa okulandelayo, ngakho lesi sigaba sibaluleke kakhulu. Njengoba ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane zihlaziyekile, kanti abanye, ngokuphambene nalokho, abaziphili ngokwabo kunoma yiziphi izimo, akunakwenzeka ukuthatha izinyathelo ngaphambi kokuhlolwa okuphelele.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zamatshe ezisezinso, nokuthi zihluke kanjani.
Izinhlobo zokubala ezinso
Cishe angu-80% kuwo wonke amatshe kule akhawunti yezinso ngenxa ye-calcium calculus. Ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi ziyingozi, ngoba cishe aziqedi futhi zingabangela umonakalo omkhulu empilweni nasekusebenzeni okubalulekile kwesiguli.
Futhi, amatshe e-calcium ahlukaniswe abe izinhlobo ezimbili, okungukuthi:
- I-Oxalate, ephakama ngenxa yokwanda ngokweqile ekugxilweni kwe-oxalic acid usawoti. Lolu hlobo lwesikhwama alunqamuki ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke ezimweni ezinzima kufanele zisuswe ngokuhlinzwa. Uma oxalates engekho enkulu kakhulu, ingahlolwa ngokusebenzisa umzila we-urinary usebenzisa izindlela ezizenzekelayo.
- Amatshe e-phosphate anesakhiwo esingenakuqhathaniswa nokubunjwa okunciphisa, ngakho-ke angaphulwa zibe yizicucu ezincane ezikhishwa kalula kakhulu emzimbeni. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, amatshe alezi zilwane akhula ngokushesha, ngakho-ke nawo amelela ingozi enkulu kumuntu ogulayo. Isizathu sokubukeka kwe-phosphates yisifo esiyinkimbinkimbi emkhakheni we-alkaline, lapho izinga le-pH liqala ukudlula izinga lika-6.2.
Ngaphezu kokubala kwe-calcium, ezinye izinhlobo zamatshe zingabonakala emgqeni we-urinary, okungukuthi:
- urate - amatshe esheshayo avela lapho umzimba unezinga eliphakanyisiwe le-uric acid nesifo esinjenge-gout;
- amatshe aphethwe yi-struvitnye, imbangela yokwakheka kokulimala komzimba emzimbeni. Lolu hlobo lwemali litholakala ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane futhi lungelashwa kuphela ngenxa yokutholwa kwezinso noma ukuhlinzwa okuhlinzekwayo;
- ekugcineni, emacaleni okudlwengula emzimbeni womuntu ogulayo ongakwazi ukuhlangabezana namatshe e-cystine.
Zenzeka ngesifo esiyingxenye ye-cystinuria, esibhekene nokudla ngokweqile kwe-cystine emcinini. Ngokuvame lokhu lokhu kungenxa ye-anomaly yokuzalwa ye-metabolism engenakwelashwa. Njengomthetho, kulokhu, iziguli kufanele zihambelane nokudla okhethekile kulo lonke impilo yazo, futhi uma isimo sibheka, thatha imithi.
Ngokuvamile, ukuze unqume uhlobo lwamatshe wezinso, kwanele ukwenza ukuhlaziywa okunjalo njengokutadisha uketshezi nosawoti lwe-biochemical umchamo. Ezimweni ezimbi, kungadingeka ukuqhuba i-X-rays ne-ultrasound, kanye ne-urogram ye-excretory eyandisiwe.