Ucwaningo lwe-cytological (i-cytology) luye lwafaka isikhathi eside ku-gynecology, njengenye yezindlela ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zokuxilongwa. Isibonelo, i- smear ye-cytology , ukuqoqwa kwezinto ezenziwe emlonyeni womlomo wesibeletho, isifundo esiyinhloko sokuxilongwa, ngokusola ngenqubo yokwelapha ezithombeni zokuzala.
Ngokuvamile, izifundo ze-cytological zenziwa ngokukhubazeka kwama-hormone we-ovarian function, kanye nokwephula umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini.
Iyini injongo ye-smear ye-cytology?
Esikhathini smear esikhiqizwa, ochwepheshe bebhola labatholampilo bahlola ukuma, kanye nobukhulu kanye nenani lamaseli, uhlobo lwendawo yabo, okuvumela ukuhlolisiswa kokuqala kokubili izifo ezingenakuqapha kanye nezizinda zomlomo wesibeletho.
Izinkomba
Ukuhlaziywa kwe-cytology, okwenziwe esikhungweni semvelo, kunqunyelwe bonke abesifazane abaneminyaka engama-18 nangaphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuqhutshwa nge:
- ukuhlela kokukhulelwa;
- ukusola kokungazali;
- umjikelezo ongavamile wokuya esikhathini;
- ukutheleleka kwegciwane (papilloma);
- Ukwamukelwa kwesikhathi eside kwenzalo yowesifazane ngesisekelo samahomoni;
- ngaphambi kwenqubo yokubeka idivayisi ye-intrauterine.
Ukulungiselela
Ukulungiselela ukuhlolwa kwe-cytological kwesibeletho kungokulandelayo:
- ukuyeka ukulala ngokocansi izinsuku ezimbili ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa;
- ukuqedwa kokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa eziphathwe ngamanzi, izinsuku ezimbili.
Futhi, owesifazane ululekwa ukuba angalandeli amahora amabili ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa kwe-cytology yomlomo wesibeletho.
Odokotela batusa ukuhlola ukuhlolwa kwe-cytology ngokushesha ngemuva kokuphela komjikelezo wokuya esikhathini, ngosuku 4-5.
Kwenziwa kanjani?
Ukuphenywa kwezici ze-cytological kwesibeletho kungukuthi kuthathe impahla yamaselula, okuqhubekayo ihlolwe.
I-smear ithathwa ngokuhlolwa kwegazi ngokubambisana, okuyi-brush eyakhelwe ngokukhethekile. Lezi zinto zithathwe ezigumbini zangaphakathi nangaphandle zomlomo wesibeletho. Khona-ke isetshenziswa emaphethelweni we-slide oyinyumba futhi kancane kancane, kancane kancane, ukunyakaza kufakwe. Bese uyomisa, ulungise ngezixazululo ezikhethekile kanye ne-microscopy. Inqubo ngokwayo ayibuhlungu futhi igcina imizuzwana engu-10-15 kuphela.
Njengoba le nto ibhalwe ngesikhathi sokuqoqwa, futhi izicubu zalimala, ngemuva kwenqubo, izindawo ezincane zokubala, izinsuku ezingu-1-2 ngesikhathi eside, kungenzeka.
Imiphumela yocwaningo ihlolwe kanjani?
Lapho echaza isisindo njengephesenti, okuqukethwe kohlobo ngalunye lwamaseli e-epithelial kuboniswa ngokwehlukana. I-Colpositogram ihlanganisiwe. Ngokuyinhloko, amaphesenti angaphezu kwamangqamuzana aphezulu anesisindo se-nucleus nucleus anqunywa.
Njengomthetho, izinguquko ze-morphological, kanye nezinguquko ezisebenzayo emkhathini we-vaginal, kuholela ekushintsheni kokubunjwa kwe-smear. Ngakho-ke, i-estrogens iqinisa inqubo yokuvuthwa kwe-epithelium,
Ngaphansi kwethonya le-progesterone dequamation yamaseli e-epithelial kwenzeka, ngakho-ke, ku-smear babukeka bekhubazekile futhi bahlelwe ngamaqembu, inani lamaseli amhlophe egazi lisanda .
Ngokujwayelekile, ukuma nobukhulu bazo zonke amaseli kuyafana nendawo, futhi azikho amangqamuzana angama-atypical. Uma inani elikhulu lamaseli litholakala, ifomu elingalungile linikezwa isisindo se-oncocytology, ukudla okungokwenziwe okwenziwa emlonyeni wesibeletho. Uma kunesidingo, udokotela ukwengeza ukhethe i-colposcopy nge-biopsy, ukucacisa nokuqeda ukuxilongwa.