Izingane ezilahlwa yilezi zingane ziphazamiseka ukuthuthukiswa kwezinqubo zengqondo ngenxa yokugula kwengqondo.
Izingane ezilahlwe kahle ngamagama - izizathu
Ukuzilahla kwengqondo kubangelwa ukuphazamiseka kokuzalwa noma okutholakele ebuchosheni. Ukukhubazeka okubangelwa yi-congenital kubonakala ngenxa yethonya lezici eziyingozi enganeni esiswini. Kungaba:
- ukuhlukunyezwa, ukudakwa, ukuphuza ngokweqile komama;
- ukungabi nokudla okunomsoco kumuntu okhulelwe;
- ukutheleleka kwe-intrauterine;
- ukuphazamiseka kwe-hormonal kwabesifazane abakhulelwe;
- umama ozayo wemithi ye-teratogenic;
- ukungalingani kwe-Rh isici segazi lomama nengane;
- isici sofuzo.
I-pathologies etholakalayo yobuchopho ivela ngenxa yemiphumela eyingozi ngesikhathi nangemva kokubeletha:
- ukulimala kwamakhambi nokulimala komntwana ngesikhathi sokuzalwa;
- ukumisa ukuphefumula, noma i-asphyxia emntwaneni ozalwa;
- izifo ezithathelwanayo ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila (i-meningitis, i-poliomyelitis, i-encephalitis, i-influenza, isingqimba);
- izimo zomphakathi ezingalungile zokuphila nokuntuleka kokuxhumana.
Izici zomntwana okhubazekile ngengqondo
Ukuphuza kwengqondo akusona isifo, kodwa isimo somntwana. Okokuqala, kukhona ukungabi khona kwentuthuko yemisebenzi yengqondo. Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, inkulumo yezingane ezingalindelekile ngokwengqondo iyingcosana futhi ingalungile, ijubane lokuyiqonda liyashesha. Ukuhlukanisa ekukhulumeni kwamagama ngokuzwa kwenzeka kwenzeka kakhulu. Isichazamazwi somntwana, njengokulungile, sinomkhawulo futhi asanele. Ngokuphathelene nezingane ezikhunjulwe ngokwengqondo, ihluleka futhi isebenza kancane kancane, okubonakalayo ekufundeni isikhathi eside kwe-entsha. Bakwazi ukukhumbula ngemuva kokuphindaphindiwe okuphindaphindiwe, kepha izingane ziphinde zikhohlwe ngokushesha le ndaba, futhi azikwazi ukuzisebenzisa ngokunolwazi ulwazi olutholile. Izinga eliphansi lokuthuthukiswa kokucabanga kwezingane ezilahlwa ngokwengqondo lihlotshaniswa nokuthuthukiswa kwengxoxo. Ngenxa yalokhu, ingane iqoqa imibono emincane, ngakho-ke uhlobo oluthile lokucabanga luyaphumelela. Ngakho-ke, ukucabanga okunengqondo, okudinga ukusebenza kokuhlaziya, ukukhiqiza, ukuqhathanisa, kuthuthukiswa kahle. Ngenxa yalokhu, imfundo yezingane ezilahlwa ngokwengqondo iyinkinga: kunzima ingane yesikole ukufunda imithetho yesikole, ukuyisebenzisa, nokuxazulula izinkinga zezibalo.
Uma sikhuluma nge-psychology yezingane ezilahlwa ngokwengqondo, ngokuvamile kuvame ukugcina izinguquko ezibucayi emoyeni wabo: ukuzwakalisa okukhulu kuvame ukungena ukunganaki. Kunesithakazelo esibuthakathaka ezweni elibazungezile, futhi ukuxhumana nezihlobo kusungulwe sekwephuzile. Asikho isidingo kanye nekhono lokuxhumana noontanga. Ekuziphatheni kwezingane ezingalindelekile ngokwengqondo kukhona ukucasula, ukwesaba, ukungabi nesinyathelo, ukuguquka nokulinganiselwa kwemibono yezinzwa.
Izingane ezinjalo zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu:
- Ukukhwabanisa kubiza izingane ezinamazinga amancane okubuyisa emuva. Kungenzeka ukuthi baqeqeshwe ezikhungweni ezikhethekile, ngoba izinqubo eziphakeme zezinkinga zengqondo azikhuliswa kahle. Bafunda ngokubala, ukufunda, ukubhala, ukukhuluma.
- Imbeciles kuthiwa yizingane ezihlukumezekile ngengqondo, ezingenayo umsebenzi ozimele ogcwele. Bahlanekezela inkulumo yabo, ngendlela engalungile yokwakha imisho. Unamakhono amakhono asekhaya, kodwa udinga ukuqondiswa.
- Ama-Idiots yizingane ezinenkinga yokucabanga kwengqondo ejulile, engakwazi ukukhuluma inkulumo noma ukuqonda omunye umuntu. Bangakwazi ukusabela kuphela ekuthinteni kwangaphandle, ngokungahambi kahle futhi kufanele baqondiswe ngaso sonke isikhathi.
I-socialization yezingane ezingalindelekile ngokwengqondo
Ngeshwa, ezweni lanamuhla kuyisiko ukuhlukanisa izingane ezilahlwe ngokwengqondo kusukela ekuphumuleni. Ngokuvamile bafundiswa futhi baqeqeshwe ezikhungweni ezikhethekile, ezingashukumiseli kubo isithakazelo kubantu abakuzungezile. Eqinisweni, ekuthuthukiseni kwengane ekhubazekile ngokwengqondo, kuyasiza kakhulu ukuhlala ekhaya, ngoba yilokhu efuna ukuxhumana nabanye abantu, bafunde amakhono adingekayo, asebenze ngokwengeziwe. Inkulumo yabo nokuqonda inkulumo yabanye bayathuthukiswa kangcono.