Ukuzisola kwethu okujulile, abangane bethu abanezintambo ezinezinkinga ezihlukahlukene zezifo eziphazamisayo ngokuvamile. Ngokuyinhloko, lokhu kusebenza ezinja ezihlala ezindlini zangasese, izindlu ezincane noma ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba. Kodwa-ke, izidumbu ezinja ezihlala efulethini zibuye zivele nemvamisa ekhanga.
Izinhlobo zezidumbu ezinja
Kunezinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko zezimpungushe ezihlukile endaweni yokuhlukanisa, okungukuthi:
- Izimpungushe zangaphandle noma zangaphandle ezinja , ezibandakanya izikhumba, izinambuzane, i-bloodsuckers, i-fleas, imikhaza kanye nezinye izifo eziphilayo ezihlala esikhumba esikhulayo noma soboya besilwane.
- Izinambuzane zesikhumba ezinja ngokuyinhloko zimelelwa ukuhlunga okumangalisa, okubangela ukucasuka kwesikhumba sesilwane, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukuphuma kwamanzi nama-inflammation.
- Izinambuzane ezihlala emzimbeni womzimba wesilwane ohlangene nemvelo yangaphandle.
- Ama-parasite emathunjini ezinja , kanye nalawo ahlukaniswa emgodleni wegazi. Lezi zihlanganisa izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezibungu - i-ascarids, i-trichinella, i-plasmodium yepende nokunye okunye.
Izimpawu zezinambuzane ezinja
Ubukhona, ukukhanya nokuqina kwezibonakaliso zesifo esibangelwa izidumbu ngokuqondile kuxhomeke endaweni yokuhlukaniswa kwazo, isigaba se-lesion kanye nohlobo lwe-pathogen ngokwayo. Ngokuvamile, umnini wenja uqaphele lezo zimpawu zokuba khona kwezidumbu emzimbeni wesilwane ngokuthi:
- ukuguquka kokuziphatha;
- ukuwohloka kwesifiso;
- ukunganakwa;
- ukuqotshwa noma ukuphazamiseka kwesistimu yokugaya;
- ukuxubha;
- ukulahleka kwesisindo esibucayi ngokumelene nesimo sangemva kwesifiso;
- ukuvela kweboya noma ukulahlekelwa kwawo;
- ukuxubha igazi esikhumbeni nokubonakala kwezimpawu;
- ukukhwehlela nokunye.
Kumele kucatshangwe ukuthi uhlobo oluthile lwezilwane luhambisana nomsebenzi walo ngezimpawu zomuntu ngamunye. Isibonelo, ukuba khona kwama-parasites egazini ezinja kubonakala ngesimo sokuwohloka esimweni esiphezulu sesilwane, ukwehla komsebenzi wayo nokusebenza, ukuzithemba nokunye okunye.