Njengoba i-nasturtium ikhula, ikhula imbewu, lapho ihlwanyela futhi inakekele kahle isitshalo - ulwazi abalimi kufanele bafunde, abafisa ukuhlobisa isakhiwo sabo ngezimbali ezinhle. Lesi siko simelwa ngendlela ye-liane noma isigamu-shrub, lapho isitshalo sinamanzi, amaqabunga aphezu, futhi izimbali zinomumo ongavamile.
I-Nasturtium - ukutshala nokunakekelwa
Tshala lo masiko ngezindlela ezintathu:
- Ungahlwanyela ukutshala izinto ngqo emhlabathini ovulekile, okwenza kube lula ukutshala isitshalo, ngakho izithombo zikhula ngokushesha.
- I-Nasturtium, ikhulile esuka emzalweni ongenziwa ekhaya, indlela yokutshala izokhula ngokushesha, futhi izimbali ziyoqhubeka isikhathi eside. Kukhona ingozi yokulahlekelwa izithombo emva kokufakelwa kwesitsheni kuze kube semhlabathini ovulekile.
- Tshala imbali nge-propagation usebenzisa isanti elimanzi noma amanzi. Ngenxa yalokho, ungathola ngokushesha izimpande uphinde uthumele isiqu endaweni ehlala njalo kusayithi. Lena yindlela enhle yokusabalalisa izinhlobo ezihlukile.
Kubalulekile hhayi kuphela ukuthi ukwazi ukuhlwanyela imbewu, kodwa nendlela yokukhula nokunakekela isitshalo, ngakho-ke, izinqubo ezigunyaziwe zihlanganisa:
- Okubaluleke kakhulu ukuchelela ngesikhathi esifanele, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi kuhluma izithombo. Ngesikhathi sokunisela izimbali kunciphisa kakhulu. Ukufafaza kuvunyelwe, ngoba imbali ithanda umoya omile.
- Emva kokuvela kwezithombo, zidinga ukuhlanzwa ngokususa ama-specimens amancane nabuthakathaka.
- Ukulima kusho ukususa umhlabathi njalo nokuqeda ukhula.
- Umanyolo uthathwa kanye ngenyanga, ngaphandle kokufaka inani elikhulu lokufaka umanyolo we-nitrogenous. Khetha izithasiselo ze-potassium ne-phosphoric.
- Lapho isigaba sokuqhakaza siqala, udinga ukususa izimbali ezifile ngesikhathi bese amakhophi amasha azovela endaweni yawo. Izikhali ziqothule amahlumela namaqabunga.
Indlela yokutshala i-nasturtium ngembewu yezithombo?
Imbewu yokutshala ungasebenzisa amaphilisi e- peat , lapho okudingeka ubeke khona imbewu engu-1-2. Ukutshala imbewu ye-nasturtium ezitshalweni kungenziwa ngamabhodwe nge-primer ekhethekile, ongayithenga noma yokwenza ngezandla zakho, ukuxuba ingxenye ye-turf, isihlabathi kanye ne-peat. Gcoba ingxube, uhlume futhi uwuthulule ngesisombululo esishisayo se-potassium permanganate. Ezinsukwini ezimbili kamuva ingxube ingahlukaniswa zibe iziqukathi bese iqala ukuhamba:
- Gxila imbewu ngo-2 cm. Faka imbewu ka-2-3 kwisitsha ngasinye.
- Kusuka phezulu, cindezela umhlabathi kancane futhi uthele konke kusuka kumanzi okunisela ngebhozi. Ungasebenzisa isibhamu se-spray.
- Beka izimbiza efasiteleni elikhanyayo.
Lapho ukutshala nasturtium on izithombo?
Imbewu yalesi sitshalo ingagcinwa isikhathi eside, ngoba igcina ukuhluma kwayo iminyaka engama-4-5. Uma unesithakazelo ekuhlwanyeleni i-nasturtium ezitshalweni, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi isikhathi esifanele kakhulu yisikhathi kusukela ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli kuya ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izincomo zohlobo ngalunye kufanele zicatshangelwe, njengoba ezinye zezilwane azibekezeleli isithwathwa.
Indlela yokuhlwanyela imbewu ye-nasturtium kwizithombo?
Ngaphambi kokutshala, kunconywa ukuba ulungiselele ngaphambi kokulungisa izinto zokutshala ukuze kuphuthumise ukuvela kwezithombo. Njengoba i-nasturtium ikhula, ikhula kusuka kumbewu, lapho itshalwe-konke lokhu kubalulekile ulwazi lokufunda ukuze uthole izihlahla ezinamandla nezimbali.
- Hlunga imbewu ngokususa izilinganiso ezincane nezonakalisiwe.
- Ngaphambi kokutshala imbewu, ukuyibulala ngama-disinfect kufanele ibekwe kwisisombululo esinamandla se-potassium permanganate imizuzu engu-10-15. noma emanzini ashisayo (angaphezu kuka-50 ° C).
- Ukuze unciphise imbewu ye-nasturtium emanzini, kufanele afakwe ku-cheesecloth futhi afakwe emanzini usuku. Ukuze amahlumela, ahlume isikhathi eside angadingeka.
Ukutshala imbewu ye-nasturtium emhlabathini
Imbali yangaphandle ingahlwanyelwa ezimbizeni kanye nama-flowerbeds. Ngokwezinhlobo ezinzima, ukusekela kuyadingeka. Ukuze uthole ukunakekelwa kwe-nasturtium nokunakekelwa kwangaphandle, kubalulekile ukukhetha umhlabathi we-loamy, okumele ukhiqizwe. Uma kunezinhlobo eziningi zomquba emhlabeni, amaqabunga anamandla azokhula ngokuzithela kwezimbali. Ukuze kukhule kahle, ukuchelela njalo, ukukhulelwa njalo ngemva kwamasonto amathathu nokususa izimbali eziphelile kuyadingeka.
Indlela yokutshala i-nasturtium emhlabathini ovulekile?
Ukuze isitshalo sikhule kahle futhi sijabulele umbala wayo, kubalulekile ukukhetha indawo ekhanyisiwe nezwe elivundile lokutshala. Abantu abaningi banesithakazelo ekutshaleni i-nasturtium enhlabathini, ngakho-ke ezindaweni eziseningizimu, ukutshala okuqondile kungenziwa ekupheleni kukaMeyi. Kudingekile ukuba wenze umkhiqizo wokutshala. Imfundo edingekayo i-nasturtium, ukukhula kwembewu, uma itshalwe futhi igcinwe kahle, ifaka imithetho enjalo:
- Isayithi kumele iguqulwe, ikhululiwe bese ingeza umanyolo. Sebenzisa umquba omncane, ukhuni lomlilo kanye ne- superphosphate .
- Phakathi kokutshala kufanele kube ibanga lika 25-30 cm emgodini ngamunye kumele lifakwe ezinhlameni ezingu-2-3, zijulise ngo-2.3 cm.
- Uma konke kwenziwa ngokuvumelana nemithetho futhi imbewu inhle, izithombo zizovele zivele ezinsukwini ezingu-14. Izimbali zenzeka ezinsukwini ezingu-40-50.
Izifo - ama-nasturtiums
Lesi sitshalo saziwa ngokuvimbela izinambuzane ezahlukene: i-whitefly, i-aphid, i-Colorado beetle nekhabishi iqabunga. Uma ukwelashwa kwe-nasturtium kungenziwa ngendlela efanele, kungenzeka kube nezifo ezingasuswa ngokususa amaqabunga agciwane futhi uphathe izihlahla ngamakhemikhali akhethekile noma ama-bacteriological agents.
- Ama-bacterial wilt, lapho amaqabunga aphansi ephazamisa, bese kuthi sonke isitshalo sishabalale.
- Uma kukhula kungalungile, kungenzeka ukuthelela umbala, lapho iphethini yama-mosaic ibonakala emaqabunga.
- Ukubola okubomvu kuboniswa ngamabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka emaqabunga.
- Uma i-nasturtium iyimfucumfucu, ama-patches amancane anombala omnyama noma amnyama akhiwa, okuba ama-tubercles.
- Ngendawo yokungena emaqabunga, amachashazi amancane abonakalayo, azungezwe umngcele obomvu obomvu.