Izimo ze-pathological of the heart kanye nesimiso sezinsiza yizona ezivame kakhulu kwezifo ezikhona. Amathuluzi amaningi asetshenziselwe ukubhekana nawo, okuphakathi kwamanye ama-glycosides enhliziyo afanele ukunakwa okukhethekile. Lezi yimithi yemithi enomthelela obala emisebenzini yenhliziyo.
I-cardiac glycoside - iyini?
Le ngxenye ikhona ezitshalweni eziningi. Umphumela omkhulu walezi zinto kuhloswe ukwandisa ukuqina noma ukwehlisa izinga lenhliziyo ngokuthinta i-myocardium. Uma kungenakwanele kwemisipha yomzimba, izidakamizwa zandisa isigqi sesifo, ukunciphisa ukucindezelwa kwe-venous nokujwayelekile ukucindezela kwegazi.
I-glycosides ye-cardiac ihlanganisa izidakamizwa:
- I-Adonid;
- I-Korglikon;
- I-Dikogsin;
- -Cardiolen;
- -Herbion;
- I-Lantozide;
- I-Celanide.
Izinkomba nokuphikisana nokusetshenziswa kwe-glycosides yenhliziyo
Lezi zakhi zifakwe ekwelapheni ukulwa nezifo ezinjalo:
- ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo (okunzima futhi okungapheliyo);
- i-myocardial dystrophy;
- ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo, kubandakanya ukuzalwa komzimba;
- i-postinfarction cardiosclerosis;
- tachycardia.
I-Glycosides ayisebenzisi kangcono esimweni sokuphelelwa yisifo senhliziyo, ukungakwazi ukusebenza kwe-aortic, i-myocarditis ne-thyrotoxicosis.
I-glycosides ye-cardiac inokuphikisana okuthile. Ungalisebenzisi ezimweni ezilandelayo:
- nge-stenosis ye-subaortic;
- ukuvinjelwa kwe-atrioventricular wezinga lesibili;
- i-sinus bradycardia;
- lapho kukhona ukungaboni ngaso sonke isikhathi izingxenye zezidakamizwa;
- ne-Wolff-Parkinson syndrome;
- ukuhlushwa yi-myocarditis esithathelwanayo.
Ukuphikisana okuhlobene kuhlanganisa:
- inhliziyo enengqondo;
- i-amyloidosis yemisipha yenhliziyo;
- i-cardiomyopathy;
- i-infarction ye-myocardial esiteji esinzima;
- i-anemia;
- i-pericarditis eyakhayo.
Owesifazane ozayo kanye nabesifazane abalahla kufanele basebenzise ngokucophelela i-glycosides, ngoba bayakwazi ukungena kalula ngaphakathi kwe-placenta kuya emntwaneni bese bephuma nobisi.
Ukudlula ngaphezulu kwe-glycosides yenhliziyo
Ngaphambi kwalokho, faka lezi zinto ngosizo olujwayelekile, kufanele zihlolwe udokotela. Phela, ukusabela emithini yemvelo ngayinye kungumuntu ngamunye. Uketshezi olunamandla isikhathi esithile akubonakali. Nokho, ngemva kwamahora ambalwa, izimpawu zokuqala ziqala ukuvela:
- isicasuli;
- ukuhlanza;
- ukulala;
- ubuthakathaka.
Ukudlulela ngokweqile kunzima ukuyihlolisisa ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa okuncane kancane kancane nokubonakala kwezimpawu ezimbalwa ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lapha, ngaphezu kokuphazamiseka kwepheshana lomzimba, ukulahlekelwa ukunakwa, ukucabangela, izinkinga zombono, ukuphazanyiswa, ukubukeka kwemibala yokubala kufanele kuphawulwe.
Futhi kubalulekile ukuqaphela izimpawu ezinjalo zokudlula ngokweqile kwe-glycosides yenhliziyo:
- ukwephulwa kwemisebenzi yegazi;
- i-blockades ye-atrioventricular;
- ukunciphisa kokukhipha umchamo;
- i-arrhythmia (i-ventricular, inrial);
- ukudideka kokwazi;
- ikhanda.
Ukwelashwa kwe-carlyac glycoside poisoning
Uma uthola izibonakaliso zokuqala zokudakwa, kufanele usheshe ume ukuphuza imithi, ugeze isisu sakho uphuze amalahle. Futhi basebenzisa ama-laxatives, alungiswa ngesisekelo sosawoti.
Isiguli sigcwele i-glucose (3 amagremu ngalinye ilitha) noma i-potassium chloride (igremu elingu-4 amagremu 10%). Esikhathini esizayo, isiguli sinikezwa igramu elilodwa kathathu ngosuku.
Ezimweni ezingathí sina, umjovo omuncu we-lidocaine 100 ml kanye nokuphathwa okulandelwayo nge-drip.
Ukuvimbela ubuthi, kufanele:
- Landela zonke izincomo zesidokotela.
- Hlanganisa kahle i-glycosides nezinye izidakamizwa ezibekiwe.
- Ukuqapha i-ECG (ikakhulukazi ukubukeka kwe-arrhythmias nokwanda kwesikhashana se-PQ).
- Thatha ukudla okune-potassium (ubhanana, ama-apricot omisiwe, amazambane ngunifomu).