I-pituitary gland iyindawo ebalulekile yokulawula ehlanganisa izidakamizwa ze-endocrine nezesabekayo zomzimba womuntu. Ama-hormone we-pituitary gland aqhubeka ethuthukisa imikhiqizo yamaprotheni enesibopho sezinqubo eziningi ezenzeka ngaphakathi komuntu.
Yiziphi ama-hormone akhiqizwa yi-pituitary gland?
Ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwe-lobes yangaphakathi neyasemva kwe-pituitary gland, bangakwazi futhi ukufihla ingxenye ephakathi, kodwa cishe engekho. Lezi zingxenye zenzelwe ukwenza imisebenzi yazo.
Cabanga ngamahomoni ase-lobe yangaphakathi:
- I-TTG. I-hormone ye-thyroid evuselela iklanyelwe ukulawula umsebenzi we-gland yegciwane futhi ilawula ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto T3 no-T4 ezihambisana nezinqubo zokuxuba umzimba, umsebenzi wokugaya umzimba kanye nesistimu yezinzwa, kanye nokusebenza kwenhliziyo. Inani elidlula lezi zinto liholela ku- thyrotoxicosis .
- I-ACTH. I-hormone ye-adrenocorticotropic ithinta umsebenzi we-cortex yesikhumba, futhi ine nomthelela omncane kumahomoni ocansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, into efaka inqubo ekwenzeni i-oxidation ye-fat, isebenzise ukuhlanganiswa kwe-insulini ne-cholesterol nokwandisa imibala. Uma ukutholakala ngokweqile kwe-ACGT kutholakala ngesikhathi kuhlaziywa ama-hormone e- pituitary, isifo se-Itenko-Cushing singase senzeke, sihambisana ne-hypertension, i-fatty deposits kanye ne-immunity. Ngokuntuleka, ukukhubazeka komzimba kwenzeka.
- STG. I-pituitary hormone somatotropin ibamba iqhaza ezinhlobonhlobo zemithi yamatabolism, ngenxa yalokho ukuthuthukiswa kwemvelo. Umphumela wokuqukethwe kwawo ngokweqile ezinganeni kuba gigantism, futhi ngokweqile kubantu abadala kubangela acromegaly (ukukhula izicubu kanye nokwanda kwamathambo). Ukungahambi kahle ukuboshwa kokukhula emzimbeni omncane.
- Iprolactin. Le hormone idlala indima enkulu ekukhiqizeni. I-hormone inethonya elikhulu emzimbeni wesifazane. Ngenxa yakhe, i-mammary gland ikhula futhi omama baqala ukukhipha ubisi. Amazinga amaningi kakhulu e-prolactin angabangela izinkinga zokukhulelwa kanye nokwenza okubi kakhulu.
- I-FSH ne-LH. I-hormone-stimulating ne-lyutenizing hormone isenzo sezinhlayiya zobulili, ikhiqiza izingxenye eziyinhloko zesimiso sokuzala se-progesterone ne-estrogen.
I-hormone ebhekene nokubunjwa okuyingxenye engaphansi kwesigwegwe se-pituitary inesibopho kufaka lokhu okulandelayo:
- Oxytocin. I-hormone ithinta umzimba wesifazane, ivuselela abasebenzi futhi ihlanganyele ekulaleni. Indlela yokuthinta amadoda ayibonakalisiwe.
- I-Vasopressin. I-hormone ye-antidiuretic yandisa umthamo wetshezi emzimbeni, evuselela ukumuncwa kwamanzi emigodini yezinso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-hormone inciphisa i-arterioles, ebaluleke kakhulu ekulahlekelweni kwegazi.
Amalungiselelo ama-hormone e-pituitary
Lapho eveza izinqubo ze-pathological, okubonakala ukuthi kuhlotshaniswa nokungasebenzi kahle kwe-pituitary gland kanye nokukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo yamaprotheni ayisisekelo, imithi ekhethekile imisiwe.
Ukulungiselela amahomoni we-lobe yangaphakathi ye-pituitary:
- Ukuze kulungiswe umsebenzi wezinhlayiya ze-adrenal, ikakhulukazi ekukhiqizeni i-glucocorticoids, sebenzisa i-Sinaten Depot, i-Corticotropin, i-Corticotropin-Zinc.
- Ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwe-thyroxine nokuthuthukisa umsebenzi we-thyroid, iTyrothropine inqunywe.
- Ukuze kulungiswe ukukhula kwamasipha futhi kusebenze ukuthuthukiswa komzimba wonke kuthatha i-Somatotropin, Size, Humatrop.
- Ukuntuleka kwehomoni ye-follicle-eshukumisayo kuhlawulelwa ukusetshenziswa kwe-phallitropin alfa ne-beta. Ngokuntuleka okwamanje kanye ne-hormone LH ithatha i-Pergonal.
- Imithi yokukhokhela ukuntuleka kweprolactin ayizange ithuthukiswe. Noma kunjalo, i-Bromocriptine isetshenziselwa ukuyivimba.
Amalungiselelo amahomoni we-lobe e-posterior ye-pituitary:
- Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhishwa kwemisipha yebele kanye nokubunjwa ubisi, izidakamizwa ezinjalo zingahle zenziwe iSynthofinon no-Oxytocin Dezaminokistocin.
- Ukuze ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela, i-Lysinvazopressin ilawulwa, i-Pitioutrin ihlanganisa ngesikhathi esifanayo ne-oxytocin ne-vasopressin, okufaka isandla ekwenzeni i-uterine.