Ukukhula kwe-petunias - izimfihlo zokutshala kahle imbewu

I-petunia ekhanyayo ijabulela ukuthandwa ngokubaluleka ngenxa yezimbali ezinhle, ezinde futhi ezide, kanye nokuzithoba ekunakekeleni. Ukwandisa i-petunia embizeni noma emhlabathini ovulekile ngeke kukunikeze inkathazo, ngisho noma ungumlimi wegadi oyinalwazi.

Indlela yokutshala i-petunia?

Kunezinketho eziningana zokutshala ngendlela efanele i-petunia, futhi ngayinye yazo inezinhlamvu zayo. Kunzima ukusho ukuthi iyiphi indlela engcono, ngoba kunoma yikuphi, ngokwemithetho, uzokhula izimbali ezikhanyayo nezimbali ezinhle. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo, kudingeke ukuba ufunde ngokuningiliziwe ngazo zonke izici zazo bese udweba iziphetho. Ngakho, cabangela izindlela zokutshala.

Indlela yokutshala imbewu ye-petunia?

Ukulima kwe-petunia kumbewu kwenzeka kanje:

1. Ekhaya, imbewu iyatshala.
2. Lapho izithombo ziqinile, sibahambisa.
3. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ehlobo, sibahlwanyela emapulazini bese siwadlulisela emgwaqweni.

Ake sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe indlela yokutshala imbewu ye-petunia. Yenza kungekudala kunasekuqaleni kuka-Mashi, lapho usuku lokukhanya selude lube lude. Uma unethuba lokukhanyisa izithombo ngesibani esikhethekile, ungahlala ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari. Sisebenza ngokuvumelana ne-algorithm.

1. Sithatha isitsha, singaba isitsha esingenalutho lokudla, sidlulisela kuyo ingxube yomhlaba.
2. Gcina umhlabathi ngokushaya, ubheke phezulu.
3. Okulandelayo sithatha inqwaba yeqhwa (ngo-Mashi nyanga, njengomthetho, ayikho inkinga ngalokhu), siyabala futhi siqhathanise.
4. Bese usakaza imbewu phezu kweqhwa. Endaweni lapho bagcwala khona kakhulu, basakaza i-toothpick.
5. Lapho iqhwa licibilika, imbewu iyasemhlabathini. Ukuwaphuza ngodaka oluvela phezulu akudingekile.

Kulokhu kokufika, i-petunias ingacatshangwa iphelile. Okulandelayo, thatha ithreyi yethu bese uyibeka endaweni efudumele futhi ekhanyisiwe, mhlawumbe uma i-sill window. Uma leyo ndawo, ngokombono wakho, ingafudumale ngokwanele, noma kungenzeka ukuthi kukhona ama-drafts, ukumboza isitsha ngesilazi noma ifilimu yokudla, ngaleyo ndlela udale izimo eziphephile zokushisa.

Indlela yokutshala petunia ngama-granules?

Inkinga enkulu ekutshalweni kwe-petunia ukuhluma okuphansi kwembewu. Isixazululo senkinga, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa ezinhlobonhlobo ezibizayo, yizona imbewu eziguqulwayo - imbewu encane iqoqwa ibhola elincane, elimbozwe igobolondo. Igobolondo ingaqukatha:

• izakhi zomquba;
• abagqugquzeli bokukhula besihlahla;
• ama-disinfectants.

Indlela yokutshala petunia ngama-granules? Kulula kakhulu.

1. Silungiselela iziqukathi - ipulasitiki noma izinkuni ezinezimbobo zokugeleza, ngaphambilini zifakwe i-disinfected.
2. Gcwalisa amathangi ngomhlabathi cishe ngo-6-10 cm.
3. Ingabe i-grooves iyajula kuya ku-millimeter futhi ngokulinganayo isakaze ama-granules kuwo. Ama-fibers akudingeki alele, nje ngomusa ufaka imbewu.

Ukunakekela izithombo ngama-pellets akufani nalokho okungenhla okutshalwe imbewu - sinikeza imbewu ngendawo efudumele futhi ekhanyisiwe, uma kunesidingo, sikhanyisa izithombo ngesikhanyiso, sivikele kusuka ezikhathini. Ngalendlela yokutshala, ukuhluma kwe-petunia kufanele kube ngamaphesenti angaba yikhulu. Imbewu enjalo ikhula futhi ikhule ngokushesha, futhi emva kwezinyanga ezimbili-3-3 uzothola isithombo esinamandla, silungele ukutshala ezimbizeni emgwaqweni.

Ukuhlwanyela i-petunia ngaphandle komhlaba

Ukuze ukhule imbali, izwe le-petunia, akudingekile ngempela. Kunendlela yokutshala isitshalo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa inhlabathi, uzodinga iphepha lokungcebeleka lokhu.

1. Umshini wephepha langasese ungenakulinganiswa kwendlalelo yefilimu, ifakwe kahle ngesibhamu se-spray.
2. Ngesikhathi esingaba ngu-3 cm sisuka komunye nomunye sisakaza embewu yephepha.
3. Imbewu ihlanganiswe umdwebo owodwa wephepha, ihlungiwe kahle.
4. Vala enye ingqimba yefilimu.
5. Gcwalisa ifilimu nephepha bese ubeka egumbini bese ulibeka engilazini noma udilize, ugcwalise ngamanzi ¾.

Kubalulekile ukuthi ububanzi befilimu bufana nobubanzi bephepha. Amanzi kuleli tangi ashintsha njalo. Masinyane emva kokuhluma, amahlumela, kanye nomqulu, atshalwe enhlabathini. Lapho izithombo zikhula, kufanele sikhethe yonke imithetho. Esikhathini esizayo, ukunakekelwa kwezithombo, okutshalwe ngale ndlela, akufani nokuhluka okunye okujwayele ukulima.

Ukukhulisa i-petunia ekhaya

Ukuhlakulela i-petunia kumbewu akuyona inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi. Uma izithombo zikhulile zisuka emaqeleni, izimbali zikhula ngokushesha futhi, cishe zizoqina, kanti imbewu izitshalwe ngqo emhlabathini noma ku- cochlea (indlela okuthiwa i-petunia ekhulayo ngaphandle komhlaba) ikhula isikhathi eside. Kodwa kunoma yikuphi, ukulima petunia kufanele kwenziwe ngokuvumelana nemithetho, futhi kubalulekile ukudala izimo ezinhle kuso.

Umhlabathi we-petunia

Ukulima kwezithombo ze-petunia kuyophumelela uma itshalwe enhlabathini enhle. Uhlobo luni lwenhlabathi engabhekwa njengelungele imbali? Kumele kufake:

• umhlaba we-sod;
• iqabunga lomhlaba;
• i-humus;
• peat.

Uma uthenga i-substrate, funda ngokucophelela ukwakheka kobukhona balezi zakhi. Amagatsha amaningi okwenziwe kahle okwenziwe ngokuhleleka afanelekile ukukhula kahle nokuthuthukiswa kwe-petunia. Ngisho lapho kuthengwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukulalela ukunakekelwa kwe-asidi ye-mix mix yehlabathi - izakhiwo ezinamandla kakhulu nezikhali zakwa-alkaline cishe ngeke zisondele ekutshalweni kwe-petunia, kungcono ukungalingi.

Petunia - ukunakekelwa

Uma ubheka izitshalo ezinombala ezinemibala eminingi ekhanyayo, abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi cishe kukhona izimfihlo ezikhethekile ze-petunias ezikhulayo. Kodwa lokhu akulona iqiniso ngempela. Izimfihlo zihlanganisa kuphela ukugcina imithetho yokunakekelwa kwemibala, noma yiziphi izenzo ezikhethekile zokwenza akudingekile. Ake sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi singanikeza i-petunia ngezimo ezihle zokukhula nokuzimbali ngezigaba ezahlukene zokuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo.

Ukunakekela i-petunia ihlumela

Ukuze imbali ikhule kahle, ithuthukise kahle futhi esikhathini esizayo sicela ujabule ngezimbali, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukunakekelwa okufanele kwe-petunia ngemuva kokuvela. Into yokuqala okufanele uyenze lapho ubona amahlumela okuqala ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa lomoya kuya ku-20 ° C. Ukunisela kuyisixazululo, kungavumeli ukoma komhlabathi futhi hhayi ukukhukhula isitshalo. Kungcono ukugcina ibhodlela ngamahlumela endaweni ekhanyisiwe, abasabe besaba izithombe.

Ukunakekela izithombo ze-petunia

Ukunakekela izithombo ekhaya kuyindlela elandelayo:

1. Izithombo zidinga ukukhanya okuningi. Ukusheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo, kufanele ukwandise usuku olukhanyayo lwembali, usebenzisa izibani ezikhethekile.
2. Lapho imbali ngayinye inamaqabunga amabili, kufanele ihanjiswe - ifakwe ezitsheni ezihlukene. Uma lokhu kungenziwanga, uhlelo lwempande ngeke lukwazi ukuthuthukisa. Njengoba izimbiza, abaningi bakhetha ukusebenzisa izinkomishi ezilahla kalula - lokhu kuzosiza ukungaphuthelwa ngesikhathi lapho izimbali zidinga ukufakelwa khona.
3. Uma uhlelo lwempande lugcwalisa ngokuphelele ithangi, i-petunia kumele ifakwe embizeni ehlala njalo.

Indlela yokuphuza i-petunia?

Ukuze ukhule i-petunia ekhanyayo yaphumelela, kufanele wazi ukuthi ungayinisela kanjani izithombo ze-petunia. Ngezigaba ezahlukene zokuthuthukiswa kwezithombo umbuso wokunisela uzohluka. Lapho izithombo ze-petunia zisanda kuvuka, zingaphansi kwefilimu ye-polyethylene, edala umphumela wokushisa. Ngenxa yalokhu umswakama emhlabathini awuqhumeki, futhi ukuchelela izitshalo kumele kube yinto engavamile kakhulu, hhayi izikhathi eziningi emavikini amabili.

Ngemuva kokuthi ususe ifilimu, umhlaba uzomiswa ngezikhathi ngokushesha. Izithombo zePetunia azibekezeleleke kakhulu ngesomiso, futhi uma izithombo ezincane ziqala ukomisa, ngeshwa, azikwazi ukuvuselelwa. Fafaza izithombo njalo uma uqaphela ukuthi ungqimba oluphezulu lwenhlabathi selomile. Yenza lokhu ngokucophelela - okungcono nge-seringe noma isringana ngaphansi kwempande.

Ngokuqondene nomuntu omdala we-petunia okhulayo ebhaleni noma emhlabathini ovulekile, amanzi ngokuvamile, kuye ngesimo sezulu, kodwa kunoma yisiphi isimo okungenani kabili ngesonto. Uma kukhula i-petunia kwenzeka ekhaya, umbuso onjalo wokunisela ungabangela ukubola kwezimpande, kanye kuphela ezinsukwini ezingu-10 kufanele kube khona. Enye imbali, ikakhulukazi ekhulayo elangeni, ithanda ukusifafaza ngesibhamu, isenza kangcono ekuseni noma kusihlwa, lapho isimo sezulu singashisi.

Petunia ukudla

Njengezitshalo eziningi zezimbali, i-petunias idinga ukugqoka okuphezulu. Yebo, kuthiwa isitshalo sikwazi ukukhula, imbali ngisho nokunikeza imbewu ngaphandle kokusungulwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zemifuno, kodwa ngesikhathi esithile ukunikezwa kwezakhi zomhlabathi kuphelile, ukuthuthukiswa kobumnyama obuhlaza kanye nenqubo yezimpande kungabhekana, izimbali ngeke zikhule kakhulu futhi, njengoba kuqondakala, imbewu izitshalo nazo zizoba ngaphansi. Ngakho-ke, kufanelekile ukutadisha ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi ungakhetha kanjani umanyolo we-petunia.

Ukudla kokuqala kwe-petunia

Lapho izithombo zisesezincane kakhulu, zithinteka kakhulu, futhi manje kubaluleke kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili ukugcina yonke imithetho yokukhuphula i-petunia. Ngemva kokuhluma emhlabathini omusha, izithombo ze-petunia zithola zonke izakhi ezidingekayo, kodwa hhayi isikhathi eside, zingekho amasonto amabili. Emva kwalokhu, kubalulekile ukuqala ukumondla. Ukuze uthole intuthuko evamile, kubalulekile ukwengeza umquba we-nitrogen okhuthaza ukukhula "kobukhulu obuluhlaza". Ngokuvamile lokhu akudingekile - i-nitrogen ngokweqile ayiyona eyingozi kakhulu kunokwesaba kwayo. Umbuso ongcono ukondla izitshalo njalo emavikini amabili.

Ukwengezwa kwe-petunia ngemuva kokukhipha

Ngemuva kokuqoqa izithombo ze-petunia, umuntu kufanele athole umquba womhlaba wonke wokuhluma, okuzosiza izimbali ukuba zihlale endaweni entsha. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa emva kokuba izitshalo ziqothule (lokhu kubonakala kakhulu esimweni sabo), kubalulekile ukondla izithombo ze-petunia ukukhula. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa i-crystal eluhlaza, amavithamini B1, B12. Uma inqwaba yezithombo zikhulu kakhulu, izitshalo ezivame ukwedlula zonke ziyasetshenziselwa izitshalo zezimbali.

I-Topyari ye-petunia yezimbali

Ukudliwa kwezilwane zokukhula nokuhluma kuyadingeka emva kokutshala izitshalo endaweni ehlala njalo. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwePotassium kuyasetshenziselwa ukukhula, uma kudingekile, futhi ngokuqondene nezimbali, lapha ukudla kufanele kube okuhlukile - nge-potassium amaningi ne-phosphorus ekubunjweni. Lezi zifaka umquba kufanele zenziwe ngesikhathi esifanele - hhayi ngaphambi kokuthi imbali izokwandisa ubukhulu obuluhlaza, futhi uma kuvezwa isihlahla sizokujabulisa.

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-petunia

Njengoba usukhulile i-petunia bush, ungabandisa kalula. Kodwa awudingi ukuqoqa imbewu yezimbali (okuyinto enzima kakhulu ukuyenza), uphinde uzihlanye futhi uhlume ngaphansi kwefilimu nezibani. Kukhona indlela elula, futhi engekho ngaphansi - ukukhiqizwa kwe-cutunia cuttings .

1. Into yokuqala yokuyenza ngesikhathi esifanele ukugcina isitshalo se-uterine. Uma ikhula emgwaqweni, ekwindla, ukuyifakelwa ebusika ebhodweni.
2. Sinikeza izinga lokushisa elihle le-petunia ebusika ngo-10-15 ° C.
3. Kusukela phakathi nobusika kuyasiza ukuqala ukondla imbali nge-nitrogen fertilizer, siyinikezela ngokukhanyisa okwanele.
4. Sikhetha isikhathi esihle sokusika, esekelwe ukuthi phakathi kokutshala kanye nokuqala kwezimbali kuthatha isilinganiso sezinyanga ezimbili.
5. Ake sihle ibhizinisi. Sihlola isihlahla, ukhethe ama-cuttings, okungenani amaqabunga angu-4-5, uwasika.
6. Susa amaqabunga avela ku-cuttings, ushiye ama-top amabili.
7. Sisebenzisa i-cuttings stimulator ye-rooting.
8. Okulandelayo, lungisa i-substrate. Ukwakhiwa, kufanele kufane nalokhu okusetshenziselwa ukukhuphula i-petunia kusuka kumbewu. Siphatha inhlabathi ngamafungicides.
9. Tshala ama-cuttings emhlabathini, ngayinye egumbini elihlukile. Gxila kakhulu ekungafaneleki ngo-1.5 cm.

Enye iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu - ukutshala i-petunia kusukela ekunqunyiwe kuyophumelela uma kungaphezu kwehora elidlula phakathi kokunqunywa kwezihlahla nokutshala kwabo emhlabathini. Ngama-cuttings omama amahlathi angadliwa izikhathi eziningana, njengoba ekhula, kodwa ungakhohlwa ukupha njalo lesi sitshalo. Uma yonke imithetho yokutshala i-petunia echazwe ngenhla ihlangene, ukusinda kokukhula kwe-rooting nokutshala kuzoba yi-100%.