Indlebe yomuntu iyisici esiyinkimbinkimbi lapho ukuqonda komsindo kuvela khona, kanye nokugcina ibhalansi yomzimba endaweni. Ihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezintathu: indlebe yangaphandle, ephakathi naphakathi. Ukuphazamiseka kwendlebe kubantu abadala kunemikhakha ehlukene kanye nezinqubo zokwelapha futhi kubhekwa njengokucabangela ukuhlala kwabo. Izimbangela eziyinhloko zezifo zezindlebe zingabizwa ngokuthi: ukungena kokutheleleka, ukuhlukunyezwa, i-hypothermia, ukuvezwa kwezidakamizwa, izifo zenye izitho. Cabanga ngezifo eziyinhloko zesistimu yokuzwa, ukuthi zibonisa kanjani futhi ziphathwa kanjani.
I-Ear Otitis
Lesi esinye sezifo ezijwayelekile kakhulu, okuyinto inqubo yokuvuvukala, etholakala kwenye yeminyango yendlebe. Ukuvuvukala kwendlebe yangaphandle ngokuvamile kuvame uketshezi noma i-carbuncle emgodini wangaphandle wokuhlola kanye nezimpawu ezilandelayo:
- ubomvu nokukhukhumeza kwendlebe yangaphandle;
- ubuhlungu endlebeni, ukwanda ngokucindezela, kanye nalapho uvula umlomo;
- ukwanda kwe-lymph nodes ngemuva-back-back;
- itching in the ear canal;
- inzwa yomsindo, i-eariness yendlebe.
Ukuvuvukala kwendlebe ephakathi kukhonjiswe yizibonakaliso ezinjalo:
- ubuhlungu ezindlebeni ezihlukahlukene, kuqiniswe uma kucindezelwe inqubo ye-mastoid;
- ukuzwa ukukhubazeka;
- ukuzwa ukumpontshelwa ketshezi ngaphakathi kwendlebe;
- ukuphuma kwamanzi noma okuphuma emlonyeni;
- umkhuhlane.
Inqubo yokuvuvukala endlebeni yangaphakathi (labyrinthitis) ibonakala ngezibonakaliso ezinjalo:
- ukuhlaselwa kwesizungu, kubangele ukucabangela okukhulu nokuhlanza;
- ukungalingani;
- ukuzwa ukukhubazeka;
- umsindo ezindlebeni;
- umkhuhlane.
Ukwelashwa kwe-otitis ngemvelaphi yabo yebhaktheriya kuhilela ukuthatha ama-antibiotiki, futhi ezimweni eziningi, izidakamizwa zendawo zokulwa nokuvuvukala, izidakamizwa ze-vasoconstrictive, ama-antihistamine, imithi yokwelashwa imisiwe. Ngezinye izikhathi i-otitis idinga ukuphathwa ngokuhlinzwa.
Isigodlo Esisilo
I-plug sulfur yinkinga yokugula lapho umgudu wangaphandle wokucwaninga oluseduze nesikhumba se-tympanic uvalwe ukuqoqwa kwe-earwax ehlanganisiwe, okubangela ukubonakaliswa okulandelayo:
- ukuzwa ukukhubazeka;
- inzwa yomsindo, ukukhala, ukushayela endlebeni;
- ubuhlungu endlebeni;
- ikhanda;
- isiyezi.
Ukususwa kwamapulagi kwenziwa nge-mechanical means (ukuhlanza, ukufisa, ukuguqulwa), noma ukuchithwa nokusetshenziswa kwemithi ekhethekile.
I-otorhinolaryngology ye-otosclerosis
I-otosclerosis ivela ngenxa yezizathu ezingaziwa futhi kaningi kuthinta abesifazane, ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi zokuhlelwa kabusha kwe-hormonal. Njengoba lesi sifo sisezindlebe zomphakathi, i-foci ye-sclerosis iyakhiwa, ephazamisa ukudluliswa kwemisindo yezwi. Izimpawu eziyinhloko zesifo:
- ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa okuncane kancane kokuzwa komunye, bese kuthi kwenye indlebe;
- umsindo ezindlebeni;
- isiyezi;
- ubuhlungu ngezikhathi ezithile, umuzwa we-raspiraniya ezindlebeni.
Ngokusebenza, ekwelapheni i-otosclerosis, izindlela zokusebenza zisetshenziswa. Ukuziqhenya akusebenzi kahle kakhulu.
Isifo sikaMénière
Lesi sifo esingavamile sithinta indlebe yangaphakathi futhi sihlotshaniswa nokwanda kwenani le-endolymph emgodleni walo, okungabangelwa izinqubo ezihlukahlukene ezithathelwanayo emzimbeni, izifo ze-vascular, ikhanda, ukulimala indlebe, njll. Ukubonakaliswa kwayo yi:
- Ukuhlaselwa ngezikhathi ezithile zokuzondeka nge-nausea, ukuhlanza;
- ukuphazanyiswa kwesilinganiso kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwezinyathelo;
- ukukhala, tinnitus;
- ukuzwa ukukhubazeka;
- ukujuluka okukhulu.
Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikaMénière kuhloswe kakhulu futhi kuhloswe ukubopha nokukhulula ukugubha, ukunciphisa ukuvama kwento eyenzekayo, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuyeka ukuqhubeka kwe-pathology namuhla.
I-Neuritis ye-nerve auditory
Umonakalo wezinzwa ungabangelwa yizici eziningana, nezinguquko ezingenakwenzeka ezingathinteki ezithinta ezahlukeneyo
- Ukulahlekelwa kokuzwa okuqhubekayo ngokuphathelene nokubona imisindo ephezulu;
- umsindo, ukugeleza ezindlebeni;
- isiyezi;
- ubuhlungu be-paroxysmal ezindlebeni.
Ukwelashwa kunqunywe kuye ngezici zokucabangela. Uma kukhona ukuwohloka okuphawulekayo noma ukulahlekelwa kokuzwa, umbuzo wokunakekelwa kokulalela uthathwa.