Izingane ngokuvamile kufanele zinikele ngegazi ukuze zihlaziywe. Lokhu kubalulekile, ngoba ukubunjwa kwamaselula kwegazi kuyinto ehlala njalo futhi izinguquko zayo ezihlukahlukene, phakathi nanoma yisiphi isifo, sinenani elikhulu lokuhlonza.
Yini i-hematocrit ebonisa?
Kuyaziwa ukuthi igazi lesintu liqukethe izakhi ezifanelwe - i-erythrocytes, i-leukocytes nama-platelet. Ngakho-ke, ohlwini lwe-test ejwayelekile yegazi kukhona isibonakaliso esibalulekile njenge-hematocrit. Ibonisa izinga lama-erythrocytes egazini lomntwana, ngoba yakha ingxenye enkulu yamakhi eselula. Ngokuvamile, inombolo ye-hematocrit iboniswa njengephesenti yomsindo wegazi.
I-hematocrit ibalwa kanjani?
Esikhathini seglasi elikhethekile lesikhumba ngenani lokuhlukaniswa, okubizwa ngokuthi i-hematocrit, uthele inani elincane legazi. Emva kwalokho, kufakwe ku-centrifuge. Ngaphansi kokusebenza kwamandla adonsela phansi, ama-erythrocyte ashesha ngokushesha ahlele phansi, okwathi ngemva kwalokho kulula ukuba anqume ukuthi iyiphi ingxenye yegazi ayakhayo. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi abahlaziyi be-othomathikhi baye bavame ukusetshenziselwa ama laboratories omtholampilo wanamuhla ukuze banqume inombolo ye-hematocrit.
Hematocrit kuyinto evamile ezinganeni
Ezinganeni, ukujwayelekile kwalokhu kuncike eminyakeni yobudala:
- ingane esanda kuzalwa - 44-62%;
- kusukela ekuzaleni kuya ezinyangeni ezintathu - 32-44%;
- kusukela ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya ku-1 ngonyaka - 36-44%;
- kusukela ngonyaka owodwa kuya eminyakeni eyi-10 - 37-44%.
I-Hematocrit iphansi emntwaneni - imbangela
Ngokusho kwencazelo, singacabanga ukuthi inani le-hematocrit linciphisa ngokuncipha kwenani lama-erythrocyte egazini lomntwana. I-hematocrit ithathwa njengokunciphisa ngo-20-25% futhi lokhu kungenziwa kube lula ngokuba nezinkinga ezithile:
- ukwakheka okubambezeleka kwe-erythrocytes emnothweni wethambo;
- ukwanda izinga lokubhujiswa kwama-erythrocyte egazini;
- ukwandisa ivolumu yegazi enganeni;
- ukwandisa ukuhlushwa kwamaprotheni egazini (hyperproteinemia);
- i-blood thinning (hyperhydration);
- ukuphuma kwamanzi;
- i-anemia.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi isibonakaliso esisodwa se-hematocrit esincane asikwazi ukukhuluma ngokunembile mayelana nokuba khona kwanoma yiziphi izinkinga emzimbeni wengane. Ukuze uthole isithombe esinembile, le nkhomba ehlolwayo jikelele yegazi ihlangene nezinga le-hemoglobin. Kodwa-ke, ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa okunembile, kunoma yikuphi, kubalulekile ukuqhuba ukuhlolwa okuphelele futhi kunqume ukuthi yini eyabangela ukwehla kwenombolo yamaseli abomvu egazini.