Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungakhohlwa ukuthi abazali banelungelo lokunquma ngokuzimela ukuthi bangayenza yini imishanguzo ethile emntwaneni wabo. Amanye omama nabababa ngokuvamile abafaki izingane zabo nge-inoculations, ngokusekelwe ekucabangeni okuhlukahlukene. Umbuzo wesidingo sokugoma unzima kakhulu futhi, ngaphambi kokuba wenze isinqumo, qiniseka ukuthi uxhumana nodokotela futhi ucabange ngokucophelela.
Futhi, noma yikuphi ukugoma angeke kwenzeke kumntwana okungenani okunye ukubonakaliswa kwemikhuhlane noma ukusabela kwe-allergenic. Esimweni esinjalo, ukugoma kumele kuhlehliswe kuze kube yilapho ingane ivuselelwa ngokugcwele. Ngokushesha ngemva kokugula, imishanguzo ayikwenziwanga, udokotela ubeka i-med-vod okungenani amasonto amabili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukugoma, kuyadingeka ukudlulisa ukuhlolwa, futhi uma kwenzeka uthola ukuphutha, kubalulekile ukukhomba imbangela.
Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngesimiso sokugonywa kwezingane ezinempilo eRussia nase-Ukraine, kanye nokuhlukana kwezinhlelo zokugoma kulezi zizwe.
Isimiso sokugonywa kwabantwana ngeminyaka eRussia
ERussia, ingane esanda kuzalwa ijwayele ukugoma i- hepatitis B emahoreni angu-12 emva kokuzalwa. Ukugoma ngokumelene nalesi sifo esiyingozi kakhulu kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ngoba kunciphisa kakhulu amathuba okutheleleka kwengane uma unina ethwele igciwane le-hepatitis B. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sifo sivame kakhulu eRussian Federation, okusho ukuthi ukuvikelwa kule gciwane akulimazi muntu.
Iningi lezingane lithola ukugonywa okulandelayo ngokumelene nesifo sofuzo esibhedlela i-hepatitis B ezinyangeni ezingu-3 no-6, noma ezinyangeni eziyi-1 nezinyanga eziyisithupha, kodwa kulabo bantwana abomama babo abathintekayo begciwane elibangela lesi sifo, ukugoma kuqhutshwa ngezigaba ezine, ngokusho " 1-2-12. "
Ngosuku lwangama-4-7 emva kokubeletha, umntwana kufanele athole inoculation ngokumelene nesifo sofuba - BCG. Uma kwenzeka ingane izalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, noma ingagonywanga ngezinye izizathu, i-BCG ingenziwa kuphela ngemuva kokuba ingane ibulawe izinyanga ezimbili, ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwe-Mantou tuberculin.
Kusukela ngo-01/01/2014, ukugonywa ngokutheleleka kwe-pneumococcal kuye kwafakwa kwikhalenda kazwelonke yokugoma izingane eziphoqelekile eRussia. Isikimu ingane yakho eyonikezwa ngayo lo mgomo kuxhomeke kuneminyaka yakhe. Kubantwana kusukela ezinyangeni ezimbili kuya kwezingu-6, ukugoma kwenziwa ngezinyathelo ezine ngokuvuselelwa okugunyazayo ezinyangeni eziyi-12-15, izingane ezisuka ezinyangeni ezingu-7 kuya eminyakeni emibili-ezinyathelweni ezimbili, kanye nezingane eziseneminyaka emibili ubudala, ukugoma kwenziwa kanye.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusukela ezinyangeni ezingu-3, ingane izocwaninga ngokuphindaphindiwe ukulwa ne-pertussis, i-diphtheria ne-tetanus, evame ukuhlanganiswa nokugonywa ngokumelene ne-poliomyelitis nokutheleleka kwe-hemophilic. Okokugcina, uchungechunge lwezigomo ezigunyazayo luphela ngonyaka ongu-1 ngomjovo owodwa wesimungumungwane, umuthi we-rubella kanye nomuthi wokugoma, "umuthi".
Ngemuva kwalokho, ingane kufanele idlulisele inombolo eminye yokugonywa okuphindaphindiwe, ikakhulukazi, eminyakeni eyi-1.5 - ukuphindaphinda kwe-DTP, futhi ngonyaka ongu-1 nezinyanga ezingu-8 ze-poliomyelitis. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, lezi zitofu zivame ukuhlangana futhi zenze ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eneminyaka engama-6 kuya kwengu-7, ngaphambi kokubhalisa ingane esikoleni, uzophinde agonywe ngokumelene nesishukela, i-rubella nama-mumps, kanye nesifo sofuba kanye ne-DTP. Lapho uneminyaka engu-13 ubudala, amantombazane kufanele avuselelwe i-rubella, futhi eneminyaka engu-14 yonke isifo sofuba, i-poliomyelitis, i-diphtheria, i-tetanus ne-pertussis. Okokugcina, kusukela eneminyaka engu-18 ubudala, bonke abantu abadala bayanconywa ukuba bavimbe ngokuphindaphindiwe ukuvimbela izifo ezingenhla njalo eminyakeni eyishumi.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwesimiso semigomo yokugunyazwa yabantwana e-Ukraine?
Amakhalenda okugoma eRussia nase-Ukraine afana kakhulu, kodwa kukhona ukungafani. Isibonelo, imigomo yokulwa nesifo sofuba esibangelwa yi-viral hepatitis B e-Ukraine ngoba zonke izingane zenziwa ngokulandela uhlelo "0-1-6", futhi ukugoma kwe-DTP kwenziwa eneminyaka engu-3.4 nezinyanga ezingu-5. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kwe-pneumococcal ohlelweni lukazwelonke lokugonywa kwengane e-Ukraine kusadingeka.
