I-sarcoma yeCapisi yisifo esihleliwe esibonakaliswa ukusabalala kwegazi kanye nezitsha ze-lymph kanye nomonakalo wesikhumba, izitho zangaphakathi kanye nezibungu zamangcwaba. Ngokuvamile, lesi sifo senziwa kubantu abaneminyaka engama-38 kuya kwezingama-75, kuyilapho owesilisa ogula ngesifo sikasilisa ephindwe izikhathi eziyisishiyagalombili kunabesifazane. Izakhamuzi zase-Afrika zivame ukwelashwa.
Izimbangela ze-sarcoma iKapa
Manje sesivele sibonakalisiwe ukuthi lesi sifo sibangelwa umsebenzi we-herpes virus type 8, okudluliselwa kuyo okwenziwe ngokocansi, ngamathe noma igazi. Kodwa-ke, igciwane lingasebenza kuphela uma imisebenzi yokuzivikela yomzimba iba nzima kakhulu.
Amaqembu omphakathi alandelayo asengozini:
- ukutheleleka nge-HIV ;
- iziguli ezine-immunodeficiency, isibonelo, ngesikhathi samakhemikhali noma ekwelapheni nge-immunosuppressors;
- izingane kanye nabantu asebekhulile;
- abakhileyo e-Afrika naseMedithera;
- iziguli ezithatha ukufakelwa kwesitho.
Uma i-sarcoma ye-Kaposi ithola i-HIV, iziguli zitholakale zinesifo sengculazi. Kuphela uma igciwane elibuthakathaka igciwane liqala ukuthuthukisa ngenkuthalo, kubangele lesi sifo esingokwemvelo.
Izimpawu ze-sarcoma iKapa
Inqubo yokwelashwa ihambisana nokubonakala kwezibonakaliso ezinjalo ezicacile:
- Ukuphindaphinda kwamathumba, ngokuvamile ukuhlelwa kwawo okulinganiselwe;
- umbala wezinto ezifakwe obala obomvu ukuya obumnyama obomvu;
- I-tumor isisindo esivamile, kaningi esiphezulu ngaphezu kwesikhumba futhi ifakwe ngesimo sezinyosi ezincane;
- I-sarcoma yeCapasi emlenzeni ingahambisana ne-hyperpigmentation yesikhumba, nangokubunjwa kwe-elephantiasis;
- ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ezizungezile uma kwenzeka i-lesion encane;
- njengomthetho, ubuhlungu be-syndrome abuqapheli, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kukhona ukuvutha nokushaywa;
- Njengoba i-neoplasm iqukethe imithwalo yegazi, ukuphuma kwegazi kungenzeka ngesifo.
Uma kwenzeka izilonda zamangqamuzana amancane, i-pathology ihambisana nalezi zimpawu:
- ubuhlungu;
- ukuphuma kwegazi;
- Isifo sohudo uma kwenzeka umonakalo emanzini emathumbu nasesisu.
Uma i-lesion ye-mouth cavity ibonakala ku-Kaposi's sarcoma, isiguli siyazizwa:
- ubunzima bokuphefumula;
- ukukhwehlela;
- ukuhamba kwe-sputum enegazi.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-sarcoma yeKapa
Ngisho noma ngabe i-virus ye-herpesvirus-8 isitholiwe, sekusekuseni kakhulu ukukhuluma nge-sarcoma ye-Kaposi nokuthuthukiswa kwayo esikhathini esizayo.
Ukuxilongwa kungenziwa kuphela emva kokufeza izinqubo ezinjalo:
- ukuqedela ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kwesikhumba, mucosa ngomlomo kanye nezitho zangasese;
- I-ultrasound ye-peritoneum ne-lymph nodes;
- esophagogastroduodenoscopy (ukuhlolwa kwegciwane lokugaya kanye ne-duodenum);
- sigmoidoscopy (ukuhlolwa kwe-rectum);
- i-bronchoscopy (ukuhlolwa kwamaphaphu).
- i-biopsy yezindawo ezithintekile;
- ukwenza i-immunogram.
Ukwelashwa kwe-sarcoma yeKapa
Ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa imisebenzi ehlose ukubuyisela imishanguzo, ukulwa negciwane le-herpes nokuqeda imishayo. Endleleni yokuthatha imithi, izikhumba zesikhumba ziphela zodwa. Iziguli zinikezwa:
- i-chemotherapy, kuhlanganise nokusetshenziswa kweBleomycin, uPalitaxel noVincristine;
- ukugcoba izindawo ezimele ngeDinitrochlorobenzene neParetin;
- I-Alfa-Interferon, efana nokubunjwa kwezinto ezikhiqizwa yi-immunity;
- cryotherapy, okufaka isandla ekuvuseleleni izicubu;
- ukwelashwa kwamafutha asetshenziselwa izindawo ezingatholakali ngezinye izindlela.
Bangaki abahlala ne-Kaposi's sarcoma?
Ifomu eliyinkimbinkimbi libhekene nenkambo esheshayo nokubandakanyeka kwezitho zangaphakathi. Uma kungekho ukwelashwa, ukufa kungenzeka izinyanga eziyisithupha emva kokuqala kwesifo. Esimweni sokuhlukunyezwa, ukufa kwenzeka eminyakeni engu-3-5 kamuva. Ngenkambo engapheli, isikhathi sokuphila singasondela eminyakeni eyishumi noma ngaphezulu.