I-ECO MHI ingenye yezinsiza zemithi yokuzala, enikezwa kwisabelomali sesifundazwe. Lolu hlelo luhlinzekela ukuziphatha kwenqubo ye-in vitro fertilization mahhala. Cabanga ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe, thola ukuthi le nkonzo inikezwa bani, yini edingekayo kulokhu.
Ngingayenza i-IVF mahhala?
I-ECO yamahhala inikezwa yi-Federal Development Programme. Isifunda ngasinye sokuphatha sinquma i-quotas yezokwelapha okunjalo, ukuwadweba unyaka. Owesifazane angafunda mayelana nokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi enze inqubo ngqo emzaneni wakubo ngokuxhumana nokubonisana kwabesifazane endaweni yokuhlala. Emadolobheni lapho kukhona khona izikhungo zokuhlela umndeni, umzila wokuxhaphazwa uphathwa ngokuqondile nedatha yesikhungo sezokwelapha. Kusukela ngo-2016 I-IVF ye-MHI yenzelwa zonke izici zokungabikho . Okuhlukile kuyisici esindayo.
Ungenza kanjani i-IVF mahhala?
Ngaphambi kokwenza i- IVF ye-CHI, owesifazane kufanele abe nenqubo ende yokuthola isabelo. Okokuqala, udinga ukuxhumana nokubonisana kwabesifazane. Kule nhlangano, angathola lonke ulwazi mayelana nokuthi zingakanani ama-quotas abelwe unyaka wamanje, okudingekayo ukuze uwuthole. Ngaphambi kokufika ngesikhathi esimisiwe nosuku ngenqubo, isiguli kulindeleke ukuthi:
- ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwezokwelapha nomyeni wakhe;
- ukwamukela umbono wekhomishini yezokwelapha;
- ukukhethwa kwendawo yokukhwabanisa;
- bhalela emgqeni .
Yini ehlanganisiwe ohlelweni lwe-IVF lwe-CHI?
I-ECO mahhala kule nqubomgomo ingenziwa emiphakathini eminingi. Kulokhu, izindleko zezigaba ngamanye zingahlukahluka, futhi kuxhomeke kulo muzi, isifunda lapho owesifazane eyokwenza khona inqubo. Uhlu lwezinsizakalo ezinikezwa umtholampilo nalo lukhululekile. Ngokuvamile, njengengxenye ye-in vitro fertilization free, owesifazane unikezwa ngezinsizakalo zezokwelapha ezilandelayo:
- ukuvuselela kwenqubo yokuvuthwa;
- ukukhishwa kwe-follicle evuthwe;
- I-ICSI ;
- ukudlulisa embryo.
Imitholampilo eminingi yangasese ekhethekile kwi-IVF inikeza izinsizakalo zabo mahhala njengengxenye yohlelo. Phakathi kwabo kukhona:
- ukuqhwaza kwemibungu - uma kunesidingo, kuzokwazi ukuphinda ukufakelwa ngesikhathi;
- izifundo zokuxilonga - ukuzimisela kwezinga le- hCG , ukwenza i-ultrasound.
Ungaqala kanjani i-IVF ye-OMS?
Ngokuvamile, abesifazane abafuna ukungena ngaphansi kwenqubo ye-in vitro fertilization mahhala, abazi ukuthi yini edingekayo kwi-IVF ye-IVF. Okokuqala udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, ukudala imbangela yokungasebenzi . Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele uxhumane nomtholampilo, onesilayisensi sokwenza izifundo zokuxilonga emkhakheni wezinkinga zokubeletha. Njengalokhu, ungasebenzisa ukubonisana kwabesifazane endaweni yokubhalisa kwakho.
Ucwaningo luhilela hhayi kuphela ukuhamba kocwaningo lwabesifazane, kodwa nabalingani babo. Ubude obuphakathi kwazo zonke izifundo ku-IVF mahhala ku-CHI, kuze kufike isiphetho lapho kutholakala khona ukuxilongwa - izinyanga ezingu-3-6. Emva kwazo zonke izivivinyo, owesifazane uthola i-extract ekhadini lakhe lokuphulukisa. Lesi siphetho sinikezwa isiguli kuKomishane ngokukhethwa kweziguli ze-IVF ye-IVF.
Ngaphambi kokuba uthole inqubo ye-IVF mahhala, ngokusho kwe-MHI, le ntombazane idinga ukuhamba ngokugcwele ukwelashwa okunqunyiwe. Uma izinyanga ezingu-9-12 emva kokutholakala "kokungakhulelwa", imiphumela yokwelapha - ayikho ukubuyiselwa komsebenzi wokuzala, kunezibonakaliso zokuhamba kwesimiso se-IVF. Kuphela emva kwalokhu kunelungelo lokuthola isilinganiso.
Ungathola kanjani i-IVF nge-MHI?
Uhlelo lwe-ECO lwamahhala luhlinzekela ukuqaliswa kwenqubo ngezindleko zesabelomali sombuso, ngokuhambisana nezinhlu zokulinda. Zihlanganiswa yiKhomishane ngesisekelo seziphathimandla zezempilo. Isizathu sokufaka isiguli ohlwini lokulinda sisuka ekupheleni kokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha kwakamuva.
Uhlu lwamadokhumenti we-IVF
Ukuze ube umgca wenqubo, kufanele unikeze iphakheji lamadokhumenti. Ukwamukelwa kwesicelo kanye namaphepha afanelekile kwenziwa ngamakhomishana wesifunda. Uhlu lwamadokhumenti we-IVF enqubomgomo ye-CHI lubonakala kanje:
- ama pasports of 2 abashade (abalingani) ngamakhophi;
- inqubomgomo yomshuwalense wezempilo kanye nekhophi yayo;
- I-SNILS;
- ukukhipha mayelana nezinqubo zezokwelapha ezidlulisiwe (amakhophi amabili);
- imiphumela yocwaningo;
- ukudluliselwa ku-IVF kusuka kumgogodla wezifo zesifunda;
- imvume ebhaliwe yokucubungula idatha yomuntu siqu;
- incwadi yesiqinisekiso esivela kowesifazane okhethwe umtholampilo, okuqinisekisa ukuthi kungenzeka i-ECO MCH.
Ihlaziya i-IVF
Imiphumela yemfundo ye-laboratory iyisisekelo sokuqondiswa kwe-IVF. Uhlu oluphelele lwezinhlolovo zomlingani litholakala ngesikhathi sokubonisana. Isisekelo semisebenzi yokuxilonga yilezi:
- I-ultrasound yezitho zomzimba ;
- ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwamahomoni (AMG, FSH );
- i-biochemistry yegazi;
- Ama-smears avela e-urethra nasesiswini;
- ukuvivinya ukuvota;
- i-spermogram (emadodeni).
Isikhathi sokuhlaziya i-IVF ye-MHI sinqunyelwe. Abesifazane abahlela le nqubo kufanele baqaphele lokhu. Ngakho-ke, kusukela ngesikhathi sokuthola imiphumela yocwaningo ukuhanjiswa kwedatha kuKomishane, kungakapheli izinyanga ezingu-6. Uma kungenjalo, izinhlobo ezithile zocwaningo kuzodingeka ziphinde zenziwe. Lapho behlola ukuthi kungenzeka yini i-IVF, odokotela bahlola isimo samanje sesistimu yokuzala yokubeletha. Isiguli sinikeza okukhipha ekhadini lokugula, lapho imiphumela yocwaningo ingabi yedwa kuphela, kodwa futhi nomlingani uboniswa.
Izinkomba ze-IVF
Ukwenza umanyolo we-in vitro ngaphansi kohlelo lukahulumeni akunakwenzeka kuzo zonke izimo. Izinkomba ezilandelayo zibekwe kule nqubo:
- ukungabi nalutho kwemvelaphi yamathala;
- ukungabi namandla okubangelwa ukuhlukunyezwa okubeletha ekuthuthukiseni amashubhu omzimba (ukuvinjelwa, ukuvinjelwa, ukuguqulwa);
- ukungabi namandla okuyinhloko kwabesifazane abahlotshaniswa nemijikelezo yokuya esikhathini ehambayo;
- ukungabi khona kokukhulelwa ezinyangeni ezingu-12 emva kokwelapha okusetshenzisiwe;
- ukutholakala kwesidingo sesilisa sokungabikho (ukuphazanyiswa kwesakhiwo samaseli wesilisa wesilisa).
I-IVF ephindaphindiwe ye-OMS kungenzeka emva kokufaka okusha kwephakheji lamadokhumenti. Ngaphezu kwalokhu kuboniswa, kunezinqubo zokukhetha, okukhona okudingekayo ukuthola i-IVF:
- isisindo sowesifazane ophakathi kuka-50-100 kg;
- izinga le-antimulylerovoy hormone (AMG) - 0,5-7 ng / ml;
- ukuhlushwa kwe-FSH ngosuku 3 lomjikelezo - 15 IU;
- normospermia kumlingani.
Kuze kube nini i-IVF ye-OMS?
Kumele uqaphele ukuthi uma kunikezwa ama-quotas, odokotela banakekele ngaphandle kwezempilo, kanye nobudala besiguli. Kunezinqubo ezithile. Ngakho iminyaka yowesifazane nge-IVF ngokusho kwe-CHI akufanele idlule iminyaka engama-39. Ukukhulelwa kwabesifazane asebekhulile kuhlotshaniswa nezingozi eziningi - ukubeletha okunzima, ukuhlukunyezwa kokubeletha kokuzalwa komntwana. Ngenxa yalokhu, izikhungo azithathi inqubo yabesifazane abasenkonzweni yokwelashwa baphendukela eminyakeni engama-39 ubudala.
Ukuqhathaniswa kwe-IVF
I-IVF yamahhala ye-OMS kungenzeka uma impilo yesiguli ihlangabezana nemigomo. Ngisho nesifiso esikhulu, in vitro ukukhulelwa akuzona njalo kungenzeka. Ukuqhathaniswa kwenkambiso yilezi:
- izinhlobo ezisebenzayo zesifo sofuba, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isakhi esithintekile;
- i-hepatitis yegciwane;
- I-HIV;
- i-syphilis kumfazi noma kumlingani;
- imizimba yezinto ezimbi;
- izicubu ezinobungozi ohlelweni lokuzala oludinga ukwelashwa okuhlinzekwayo;
- izifo zesistimu yokujikeleza;
- izifo ze-endocrine, ezihambisana nokuphazamiseka kwemithi;
- ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo eside futhi okungapheli;
- izifo zesimiso sezinzwa;
- ukungakwazi ukusebenza kahle;
- izifo zesistimu ye-genitourinary;
- ukwehluleka kwezintuthwane ezingapheli;
- ukungaboni kahle kokubeletha kwesibeletho, lapho ukufakelwa khona kweqanda lokubeletha akunakwenzeka;
- ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa kwesimo senhliziyo;
- ukuhlukumezeka, ubuthi.
Inqubo ye-IVF ye-MHI ngezigaba
Ukukhulelwa ngokweqile kulandelwa isikhathi eside sokulungiselela. Isiguli kumele silandele konke okushiwo udokotela ukuze kuzuzwe umgomo omkhulu. Ngemuva kokuphela kokuqeqeshwa, ngosuku oluqokwe, inqubo ye-IVF yenziwa, izigaba zazo zilandelayo:
- Ukukhuthazwa kwama-ovari. Lesi sigaba sithinta ukuthatha izidakamizwa ze-hormonal okwandisa inani kanyekanye amaqanda ama-ovulating. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuqapha kwe-endometrial
- Isikhathi se-follicles. Ngalesi sigaba, ukuqoqwa kwamagciwane wegciwane avuthiwe kwenziwa ukukhulelwa okuqhubekayo ngaphansi kwezimo ze-laboratory. Kulesi simo, kusetshenziselwa i-anesthesia engenalutho. Ukuzikhandla ngokwakho kulawulwa yi-ultrasound.
- Ukutshala izifo zamagciwane kanye nokutshalwa kwemibungu. I-embryologist yenza ukukhulelwa kweqanda elihle kakhulu nesidoda, esinesakhiwo esifanele, sihambelana nayo yonke imingcele.
- Ukudluliselwa kwemibungu emgodini we-uterine.
- Ukusekela isigaba luteal for implantation ngempumelelo embryo.
- Izinyathelo zokuhlola ukucacisa ukuqala kokukhulelwa.
Zingaki imibungu ezifakelwa i-IVF ye-OMS?
Ukudluliswa kombungu ngesikhathi se-IVF kwenziwa ngezinyathelo ezahlukene zokuthuthukiswa kwe-fetus ezayo - kusuka ku-zygote kuya kwisiteji se-blastocyst (ngokuvamile izidakamizwa zokuzala zifaka umbryo ngqo ngalesi sigaba). Ukhiwa ngosuku lwesishiyagalombili nesikhombisa emva kokukhulelwa. Ukuze uzuze umphumela omuhle kakhulu, ukunamathela kumkhuba wokuhola izikhungo zokuhlela umndeni, odokotela bafaka imibungu emibili ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ngesikhathi sokudluliswa, i-catheter ekhethekile ifakwa emgodini wesibeletho ngokusebenzisa umsele womlomo wesibeletho.
I-IVF emjikelezweni wemvelo ngokusho kwe-CHI
Ukulungiselela inqubo ye-IVF kuyinkqubo ende, eyinkimbinkimbi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, akunakwenzeka njalo ukusebenzisa zonke izinqubo zenqubo ye-in vitro fertilization ngokwayo. Ngakho ukugqugquzela ama-ovari akunakwenzeka kwabesifazane abanenkinga ngama-ovari noma ababenemisebenzi yezinhlayiya zobulili esikhathini esidlule. Ezimweni ezinjalo, IVF yenziwa ngomjikelezo wemvelo. Odokotela bathatha iqanda elilodwa lokuvuvukala. Kulesi simo, izidakamizwa ezisetshenziswa ukugcina i-endometrium.
Isimiso esiyinhloko saloluhlobo lwe-IVF akuyona ukwephula umjikelezo wemvelo. Lokhu kuqeda izingozi ezihlobene nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze-hormonal. Kodwa-ke, kunezimo ezibucayi ze-IVF emjikelezweni wemvelo:
- amathuba amancane omphumela omuhle;
- uma inqubo yokukhulelwa ayiphumelelanga, akunakwenzeka ukuyiphinda ngesikhathi esifushane.
I-ECO OMS ngeqanda lomnikelo
Inqubo ye-IVF yalolu hlobo isetshenziswe lapho owesifazane engenawo ama-germ cells aphilile. Kulesi simo, iqanda lomnikeli lisetshenziswa. Ngalesi sizathu, odokotela bavumelanisa izigaba zesiguli nesiguli somuthi ngemithi yama-hormonal. Ngemva kokuvuthwa, odokotela bathatha amangqamuzana omzimba ocansini besifazane onempilo, bafaka iziguli zabo nge-IVF.
Ingabe abagulayo bayashiya banikwe i-IVF ye-OMS?
Omama abaningi abasazohlala banesithakazelo embuzweni wokuthi ngabe leli shidi lokugula lihlinzekwa i-IVF ye-CHI. Ekupheleni kwenqubo, ukukhishwa kwesikhungo sezokwelapha, isiguli sithola isitifiketi kumakhophi amabili ekuhambeni kwe-IVF. Omunye uhlala nomama wesikhathi esizayo, owesibili - udluliselwa endaweni ye-polyclinic endaweni yokuhlala. Ngesisekelo salesi sitifiketi futhi wakhipha ikhefu lokugula, elinikezwa endaweni yomsebenzi.
Ngokuphathelene nesikhatsi, isikhathi sezenzo zedokhumenti enjalo, singanikezwa kusukela ngosuku lokuqala lokwelapha kuze kube sekulethwa kwegazi ku-HCG (ukuhlolwa komphumela wenqubo). Isibhedlela esivaliwe ngesilingo esibi se-hormone noma emva kokuqinisekisa kokuqala kokubeletha. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ungathola isitifiketi sokukhubazeka emsebenzini nganoma yisiphi isigaba se-IVF, sikhishwa ngokwesicelo sesiguli.
Zingaki imizamo ye-IVF eyenziwa ngomshuwalense wezokwelapha okuphoqelekile?
Iqiniso, zingaki izikhathi ongenza i-IVF ye-OMS, kuxhomeke ngqo ezweni lokuhlala. Isibonelo, emazweni aseNtshonalanga (eFrance, e-Austria) kuvunyelwe ukuqhuba inqubo enjalo kuze kube izikhathi ezine. Emazweni afana neGreece neHolland, abesifazane bangasebenzisa imizamo emithathu yokukhulelwa ingane nge-IVF mahhala. Ngokuqondene namazwe e-CIS, emazweni amaningi akukho mkhawulo oqinile ekusetshenzisweni kwalenqubo - lo mbhangqwana uhambisa imibhalo ye-IVF ku-MHI inani elingenamkhawulo wezikhathi. Ngokwenza njalo, unyaka ongashadile ungasebenzisa inqubo okungaphezu kwezikhathi ezimbili.