Umhlobiso wangempela wensimu ekwindla yi-gladioli. Lezi zimbali ezinhle zimangalisa ngobuhle bazo kanye nemibala ehlukahlukene, kodwa ukuze zijabulise ekwindla udinga ukwazi ukutshala kahle i-gladioli entwasahlobo. Nakuba le nmbali ibhekwa njengayo yonke isikhathi, kodwa njengoba ingavumi ukubekezela emhlabathini, izilimo eziyizigaxa zayo zigciniwe futhi zigcinwe endlini endlini ebusika ngaphambi kokushisa.
Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola okukhethekile kokutshala nokunakekela i-gladioli entwasahlobo.
Ngesikhathi sokutshala i-gladioli entwasahlobo?
Isikhathi esihle kunazo zonke sokutshala i-gladiolus ngo-Meyi, lapho umhlaba ugoqa kuze kufike ku-10 ° C, kodwa uma kukhona indawo yokukhosela kusuka emahlathini asentwasahlobo, ungakwazi ukutshala ngo-Ephreli. Izinhlobo zakuqala, ezitshalwe ngoJuni, zizoqhakaza kakade ngo-Agasti-Septemba. I-corms encane nezingane zitshalwe ekuqaleni ukuze zikhule.
Indlela yokulungisa i-gladioli yokutshala?
Inyanga eyodwa ngaphambi kokufika, ama-gladiolus ama-bulb asuswa emgodini bese ehlanzwa ngokucophelela esikalini ukuze angalimazi amahlumela. Kulokhu, ukulimala kakhulu nokugula kunqatshiwe. Umonakalo omncane unqunywe yi-disinfected ebucayi ngommese, bese kuthiwa le ndawo isetshenziswe nge-greenery noma ifafazwe ngamalahle aqoshiwe. Bese bafaka emabhokisini noma efesiteleni, lapho bezoya khona ekukhuleni ezindaweni ezomile, ezifudumele nezelanga, kepha izimpande ngeke zenzeke.
Ngaphambi kokutshala i-corms gladiolus yenzelwe isigamu sosuku esixazululweni nge-microelements. Kudingeka baphathwe ne-pesticides ukuze basuse izifo nezinambuzane ezikhona:
- kusuka ku-thrips ne-whiteflies nengxenye yehora kusixazululo se-decis noma i-fufanon;
- kusuka ku-fungus kanye nama-bacteria ugobe imizuzu engu-20-30 ku-0.2-0.3% ukumiswa kwe-basazene (M topsin) noma isisombululo se-potassium permanganate esingu-0.7%.
Indlela yokutshala i-gladioli entwasahlobo?
Kubalulekile lapho ukutshala i-gladioli yindawo enhle. Kumele kube kuhle, kahle, noma nge-slope encane eningizimu, izwe kufanele likhululeke futhi likhishwe. Imbali ayithandi umoya, ukuqhuma kwamanzi nokuthungatha. Umthunzi ngezimbali emahoreni asekuseni ukulibaziseka imifino yamasonto amabili, futhi kusihlwa - ngo-3. Ukujula ukuqhuma komoya kungaphula izinyawo.
Okungcono kakhulu: i-chernozem, i-loamy elula noma i-sandy loamy. Kuzobumba ngobumba kanye namazwe asindayo kuyodingeka ukunciphisa ukujula kokutshala. Amasayithi we-gladioli kufanele ashintshwe njalo ngonyaka, abuyele endaweni eyodwa hhayi ngaphambili eminyakeni engama-4.
Lesi sakhiwo siguwe ekwindla ukujula kwamasentimitha angu-40 ngokusetshenziswa kwamanyolo (humus, kuze kube ngu-50 g / m² superphosphate kanye no-20-30 g / m² potassium sulfate). Entwasahlobo bayayenza futhi futhi balingane nge rake.
I-Gladiolus etshalwe emibhedeni eqondiswa kusukela eningizimu kuya enyakatho kude nendawo ka-15-20 cm phakathi kwezitshalo no-30 cm phakathi kwemigqa. Ukujula okuvamile kokugada izilimo eziyizigaxa ezinkulu - 8-12 cm, ezisindayo - 6-10 cm, futhi emhlabathini owumile - kufika ku-15 cm.
Ukukhanya okuhle ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi - ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti kuvumela izimbali ngosuku ukuba zikhule ngo-3-12 cm.
Ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo kokuhlwanyela okukhulayo kanje:
- ukuchelela njalo, kanye nokubunjwa kwezimbali kanye nezimbali - ngcono (10-15 amalitha amanzi ngalinye 1 m²);
- ukukhululeka kwenhlabathi nokukhuphuka kwezitshalo;
- ukufaka umanyolo nge-nitrogen fertilizer (20-30 g ngalinye 1 m 2) inyanga emva kokutshala, ngokufaka umquba wesibili (ngemuva kwamasonto 3-4) engeza 25 g we-superphosphate nama-gramu angu-10. i-potassium sulfate. Okwesithathu ukutshala ngokubunjwa kwamafihledi;
- ngaphambi nangemva kokufaka umquba isitshalo sisele;
- Ukuhlunga nokuhlanganisa umhlabathi kugcina umswakama emhlabathini bese kubambezela ukukhula kokhula.
- tie ukwesekwa okuwelulelwe imigqa. Lokhu kungashintshwa yi-hilling kuya ku-10 cm ubude.
- emva kokusika izimbali kuyadingeka ukushiya amaqabunga amane wangempela ekuthuthukisweni okujwayelekile kwe-corms.
- ukususwa okwesikhashana kwezitshalo ezigulayo.
Ukwazi zonke izikhohlisi zokutshala i-gladioli nokuzinakekela entwasahlobo, uzokwazi ukukhula engadini yakho uhlele lezi zimbali ezikhanyayo nezihle ze-shades ehlukahlukene.