I-Atresia yesifo sezingane

I-Atresia yesifo yisifo esibucayi kakhulu sokuthuthukiswa esitholakala ezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa, esibonakala ukuvimbela isisu. Ezimweni ezingu-90% kuhambisana nokutholakala kwe-fistula engezansi e-tracheoesophageal fistula.

I-atresia ye-congenital ye-inophagus ezisanda kuzalwa

Kakade umntwana osanda kuzalwa esibhedlela angathola ukuthi kukhona ukukhubazeka kwesistimu yokugaya ukudla:

• kusukela emgodini wezinyosi nomlomo wengane ufika u-fox nge-foam;
• ingane ayikwazi ukugwinya; uyiphonsa konke emuva;
• uhlanza futhi ezinye okuqukethwe zingaphuma ngekhala;
• ukukhwehlela okukhulu nezibonakaliso zokuphefumula;
• ukubhuqa.

Ezikhathini eziningi, ngenxa yalokho, umntwana ozalwa usuqala ukuphefumula nge-pneumonia.

Njengenqubo yokuhlonza, i-esophagus iqhutshwa ngesampula yeNdlovu: uma ingena emoyeni, iphuma emakhaleni nasemlonyeni (lokhu kubonisa isampula enhle). Futhi, udokotela ubeka i-rayography, engabhekiswanga nje kuphela isimo se-esophagus, kodwa futhi nemiphaphu.

Ngisho nokusola okuncane kokuba khona kwe-atresia kwesifo somntwana osanda kuzalwa, ipheshana lokuphefumula eliphakeme kufanele lihlanjululwe ngokushesha ukuze kugweme ukuphefumula kwe-pneumonia. Bese uthululisela usana emnyangweni wokuhlinzekela ukwelashwa okunye.

I-Atresia yesifo sezingane: izimbangela nezimpawu

Isizathu esiyinhloko se-atresia esophageal ukuphazanyiswa ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukiseni ipheshana lokugaya ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwe-intrauterine (kuze kube amasonto angu-12 wokukhulelwa).

I-Atresia yesifo: ukwelashwa

Kubalulekile ukuqala ukwelashwa kwengane esanda kuzalwa ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ngoba ukungabikho kokudla isikhathi eside kuholela ekusenikeni kwamanzi nokukhathala, okuyinkimbinkimbi yokunyakaza okuqhubekayo.

Isophagus ye-atrial iphathwa ngokuhlinzwa, umphumela wawo ophumelela kakhulu uma kwenzeka phakathi namahora angu-24 okuqala ngemva kokuzalwa kwengane. Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, ingane ifakwa ebhokisini elilodwa ekamelweni lokunakekelwa okukhulu, lapho ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kuqhubeka khona. Noma kunjalo, esikhathini esilandelayo, kungenzeka kube nezinkinga emaphashini.

Kwezinye izimo, udokotela angabeka i-gastrostomy (ukuvulwa okhethekile okuvezwa odongeni langaphambili lwesigxobo esiswini, lapho isiguli sondliwa khona ngekhamera).

Kodwa-ke, ngisho nangaphambi kokuzalwa, kungenzeka ukulandelela ukungabikho noma ukutholakala kwesisu ngokubeletha okuphindaphindiwe. Kodwa akuwona wonke umshini we-ultrasound ongakwazi ukubona le-anomaly.

Owesifazane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngokuvamile ukhonjiswe ngama-polyhydramnios kanye nokusongelwa kokukhipha isisu, okungase kube yisibonakaliso se-atresia yengane esele ikhona.

Ukuyinkimbinkimbi kwalesi sifo kungenxa yokulandela ezinye izinto ezimbi ekuthuthukiseni kwezitho nezinhlelo: zivame ukuphawula okungajwayelekile kwe-chromosomal kanye nezinkinga ze-cardiovascular system cishe ingxenye yesigameko.

Impumelelo yokuphulukisa i-atresia ye-esopha yayiyoba ngaphezulu uma, ngaphambi kokudla kokuqala ngokushesha ngemva kokubeletha, ingane ngayinye izobe ihlola isisindo sokuhlola ubuciko bayo. Kulesi simo, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa, okwenziwa ngamahora okuqala okuphila komntwana, kuzothuthukisa amathuba akhe okusinda.

Kubalulekile ngesikhathi sokuthola i-atresia ye-esopha bese uqala ukwelashwa, njengoba lesi sifo singakwazi ukufaka isandla ekufeni. Ezimweni eziningi, ukuphawula okungahambi kahle ngenxa yenani elikhulu lezinkinga ezihambisanayo futhi ngokuvamile kungenelela kokuhlinzwa.