Kunzima ukuhlangabezana nethikili yokusiza ngaphandle kwemithi yobuhlungu. Uma kukhona okulimazayo, kuvame ukusetshenziselwa izidakamizwa ezibuhlungu. Kodwa, njengoba kuboniswa izifundo zezokwelapha, leli qembu lezidakamizwa alinalutho njengoba kubonakala, futhi ukuqeda ubuhlungu kungabangela izinkinga ezinkulu.
Izinhlobo ze-analgesics
Ngohlobo lwezithako ezisebenzayo, lezi zidakamizwa zihlukaniswe zibe yi-opioid (isenzo sezindiza) futhi engekho i-opioid (isenzo esingezona izenzo zomshoshaphansi).
Umehluko phakathi kwalezi zilwane wukuthi izidakamizwa eziseqembu lokuqala zinomthelela ebuchosheni nasesimisweni sezinzwa zomphakathi. Zithengiswa kuphela emthethweni futhi zisetshenziselwa ubuhlungu obukhulu ngenxa yemisebenzi embi, ukulimala nezifo ezithile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-analgesics e-opioid ayilutha. Iqembu lesibili lemithi liphumelela ngokumelene nesistimu yesifo sezinzwa, ikhishwa ngaphandle kwemithi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izidakamizwa ezingezona izidakamizwa zivimbela isifo sobuhlungu kuphela endaweni yokuzalwa kwayo futhi angabangeli ukulutha. Phakathi kwama-analgesics angewona ama-opioid, kunama-subtypes amaningana ane-spectrum yezenzo ezengeziwe emzimbeni, njengokunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokunciphisa izinga lokushisa komzimba. Babizwa ngokuthi izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID) futhi azisetshenziswa kabanzi ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zobuhlungu.
Iyini ingozi ye-analgesics?
Naphezu kokuthi imithi engeyona i-steroid ayiyona ingozi kwisimiso sezinzwa nobuchopho, sinemiphumela emibi yocansi:
- umonakalo ohlelweni lokugaya (isibindi, izinso, isisu);
- ukwanda kwengcindezi yegazi;
- umsindo ezindlebeni ;
- ukuphuma kwegastric;
- ukuphazamiseka kwamathumbu;
- amasheya e-calcium usawoti ezinso;
- ukuphanga imithi;
- isikhumba sesikhumba;
- ukunciphisa ekukhiqizeni i-leukocyte;
- ukucindezelwa komsebenzi womnto ovamile;
- ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa.
Imithi eyi-analgesic eyingozi kakhulu
Indawo yokuqala kulolu hlu ithathwe ngu-Analgin. Le mithi isikhashana ivinjelwe ekusetshenzisweni emazweni athuthukile ngenxa yemiphumela yaso emibi. I-Analgin ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kanye ne-lactation. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubangela ukulimala okukhulu emzimbeni wengane. Lesi sidakamizwa sinciphisa ukuvikelwa kwe-immune, njengoba kunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwama-leukocytes.
I-aspirin ayikho into ehlukile:
- ukwandisa kakhulu umfutho;
- kuphazamisa ukuguqula igazi;
- kubangela ukulimala esiswini nasemathunjini.
Ukusetshenziswa kwalesi sidakamizwa ekwelapheni izingane kungaholela ekuthuthukiseni i-Reye's syndrome.
Ama-analgesics ane-paracetamyl ayingozi kakhulu esiswini, kodwa abangela izifo eziqhubekayo zezinso nesibindi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokubambisana nophuza, i-Paracetamol iholela ekusithekeni ngokweqile kwesiphuzo esiswini, okungaholela ekuthuthukiseni izilonda zesisu kanye nokubonakala kwe-mucosa.
U-Ibuprofen, ovame ukuthatha isikhundla somuthi odlule, uvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuqeda ikhanda. Umphumela oyinhloko womuthi walokhu okusetshenziselwa njalo (okungenani izinsuku eziyi-10 ngenyanga eyodwa) yindawo yawo okubangela ukuhlaselwa kwe-migraine yokuqina okukhulu.
Imithi enobuthi kunazo zonke ezingxenyeni ze-analgesic ezingenayo i-steroidal yiMeclofenamate, Indomethacin, Ketoprofen ne-Tolmetin. Uma kukhona ukwephulwa kwemithetho yokuthatha noma ukudlula ukulinganisa okuphakanyisiwe kwale mithi, ukuhlela kuhlakulela, ukuvela kwezingxabano kubonakala, ukuphuma kwangaphakathi kwenzeka futhi ukufa cishe.