Emkhakheni wezomnotho waseRussia kunamathempeli amaningi namathempeli, kodwa phakathi kwabo kukhona labo abawaziwa eSt. Petersburg kuphela , kodwa kulo lonke elaseRussia naseYurophu. Okokuqala, sikhuluma ngethempeli eliyinhloko - iSt. Isaac's Cathedral, okungenakunzima ukucabanga ngalo muzi. Izivakashi zakwamanye amazwe zikhangwa ithempeli laseNdiya eSt. Petersburg, okuyinto ekhangayo kakhulu eYurophu. Futhi futhi awukwazi ukungazinaki iThempeli laseMatrona, lapho abantu beza khona behlushwa ngethemba lokuthi uMatronushka uzobasiza.
Ukuvakashelwa kwamasonto odumile eSt. Petersburg kungenye yezindlela ezithakazelisayo kakhulu, ngoba azikho kuphela ezenkolo, kodwa namasiko. Umlando wabo kanye nezakhiwo zabo zibonisa kahle ukuthi zakhiwa nini.
Buddha Temple
Ithempeli laseBuddha eSt. Petersburg linalo igama elisemthethweni - iSt. Petersburg Buddhist tempile "Datsan Gunzehoyney". "Gunzehoyney" ekuhunyushweni okuvela eTibetan kusho "Umthombo wemfundiso engcwele ye-All-Empowering Arch-hermit". Igama elinjalo elikhulu lilungile kakhulu. Ukwakhiwa kwezenkolo akuyona nje indlu ethempelini ye-Northmost Buddhist emhlabeni, isici sayo sesibili yilapho inani lemali eligcinwe ekwakhiweni.
Umphakathi waseBuddhist enhloko-dolobha enyakatho yeRussia yaqala ukwakha ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19. Ngo-1897 kwakukhona amaBuddha angu-75, futhi ngo-1910 le namba yanda ngamaphesenti angu-2.5 - abantu abangu-184, phakathi kwabo kwakunabesifazane abangu-20.
Ngo-1900 u-Agvan Dorzhiev, ummeli weDalai Lama eRussia, wathola imvume yokwakha ithempeli laseTibet eSt. Petersburg. Imali yale phrojekthi yanikelwa nguDalai Lama XIII, owawuyi-Agvan Dorzhiev ngokwakhe, futhi amaBuddha eMbusweni waseRussia nawo asiza. Ngoba indima yomakhi wethempeli yakhethwa uG. V. Baranovsky, owakhe isakhiwo ngokuhambisana nawo wonke amathoni wezakhiwo zaseTibetan.
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Ithempeli laseMatrona
Elinye lamathempeli avakashelwa kakhulu eSt. Petersburg yiThempeli iMatrona. Umlando walesi sakhiwo uthakazelisa kakhulu. Ngo-1814 intombazane yazalwa emndenini wabahlali beSherbinin, igama likaMatron lanikezwa lona. Wayengumntwana wesine emndenini kanye nendodakazi yedwa. Ngeshwa, akukho lutho olwaziwa mayelana nentombazane nentsha yentombazane.
Phakathi nempi yaseTurkey, umyeni kaMatron wabizwa ebuthweni, wabe esehamba naye phambili, lapho eqala ukusebenza njengomhlengikazi wesihe. Owesifazane wayenesihe futhi enomusa kakhulu. Akazikhandla nomzamo wokusiza bonke abaswele. Ngisho nezinto zakhe ezincane azinike amasosha ayelambile. Kodwa kwakukhona inhlekelele - umyeni kaMatrona wafa, emva kwalokho wanquma ukunikezela impilo yakhe yonke kuNkulunkulu. Lapho impi iphelile, lo wesifazane wabuyela ezweni lakubo futhi wathengisa yonke impahla yakhe, enikeza imali kubantu abampofu. Ngemva kokufaka isifungo sobuwula ngenxa kaKristu, uMatrona wahamba. Eminyakeni engu-33 eyalandela, kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe, wahamba engahamba nezicathulo kuphela. Abaningi bamangala lapho ebanda ngokushisa ekhanda izingubo zasehlobo futhi ngaphandle kwezicathulo.
Eminyakeni emithathu kamuva uMatronuska wahlala eSt. Petersburg: wahlala iminyaka engu-14 ehlangothini lwasePetersburg no-16 - esontweni egameni likaMama kaNkulunkulu "Injabulo Yonke Intukuthelo". UMatronushka ebusika nasehlobo ephethe izingubo ezimhlophe kanye nabasebenzi ezandleni zakhe bathandaza ku-Sorrowful Chapel. Unyaka ngamunye izinkulungwane zabantu zafika kuye zamcela ukuba athandaze ngezidingo zabo. Abantu bakhuluma ngaye njengowesifazane oqhakazile, ozwela futhi onomusa, owayenamandla amakhulu, ngoba umthandazo ovela emlonyeni wakhe wawuphumelele futhi uNkulunkulu wasabela kuye ngokushesha futhi enamandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uMatronushka waxwayisa abantu mayelana nanoma yiziphi izingozi zokuphila ezazilindele esikhathini esizayo. Abantu abaningi bamlalela, bese beqinisekisa amazwi akhe. Ngakho udumo lwahamba ngaye, njengomprofethikazi.
Ngo-1911, esontweni lokulila lokungcwaba, iMatronushka i-Barefooted. Kwanqunywa ukuba amngcwabe esontweni. Eminyakeni yobuSoviet, ithempeli labhujiswa, futhi ithuna likaMatrona lalahleka. Ngemuva kokuwa kwe-USSR, ema-90s, i-chapel egcinwe yaphenduka isonto, ithuna labesifazane abampofu litholakala futhi libuyiselwa. Sekuyiminyaka engamashumi amabili, izinkonzo zezikhumbuzo zenzeke kuye. Abantu abadinga usizo bayafika kuye futhi bacele ukuba bathandazele.
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Cathedral yaseSt. Isaac
I-St. Isaac's Cathedral ingabizwa ngokuthi isonto elibaluleke kakhulu eSt. Petersburg. Kuyinto enhle kakhulu futhi ehloniphekile kuzo zonke izakhiwo zenkolo ezakhiwe ngesikhathi sokubusa kukaNicholas I. Ithempeli lakhiwa iminyaka engamashumi amathathu. Kunomlando wokuthi umakhi waseMontferrano wabikezelwa: uzofa ngokushesha nje lapho ukwakhiwa kwethempeli sekuphelile. Ngakho, abaningi bachaza ukuthi kungani ithempeli lakhiwa isikhathi eside kangaka. Ngendlela, ukubikezelwa kwagcwaliseka, umakhi wabuye wafa ezinyangeni ezimbili emva kokuvulwa kwethempeli, kodwa wabe eseba neminyaka engu-72 ubudala.
Ngemuva kokuba ukwakhiwa ngokwakho sekuphelile, imisebenzi yokuqeda ngaphakathi nangaphandle yaqhutshwa iminyaka engaba ngu-10, lapho okulandelayo kusetshenziswe khona:
- 400 kg yegolide;
- Amathani ayi-1000 esethusi;
- Amathani ayi-16 we-malachite;
- 500 kg we-Afghanistan lapis lazuli.
Ukunethezeka okunjalo kwakumangalisa ngisho nangaleso sikhathi. Abaculi abahle kakhulu, abadwebi bomdwebo nabadwebi basebenze ngezinto. I-cathedral yayigwetshwe ngamafresco amahle futhi ihlotshiswe ngemidwebo. Ubuhle bakhe bunqotshwa yithempeli ngisho nabakholelwa kuNkulunkulu.
Ngomnyaka we-1922, okweqile kwezinto eziyigugu ethempelini kwakungakhanjelwa, kwaphangwa, kanye nezinye izakhiwo ezingokomoya. Ngo-1931 umyuziyamu wokulwa nenkolo wavulwa ekwakhiweni kwethempeli. Kodwa eminyakeni engama-30 kamuva, ngoJuni 17, 1990, inkonzo engcwele evela kuNkulunkulu eSt. Isaac's Cathedral, eyabangela impilo entsha esontweni.
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Ukuvakashela amathempeli okuchazwe ngenhla, ngesibindi uqhubekele ukuvakasha kwamanye amazwe, izindawo ezingcwele ezithakazelisayo eziseningizimu - iSmolny Cathedral , i-Novodevichy Convent, njll.