Izikhala ngesikhathi sokubeletha ziyizinkinga eziningi. Bavela ikakhulukazi besifazane abakhulu. Cabanga ngalokhu kwephulwa ngokuningiliziwe, ukugqamisa izimbangela zentuthuko, izindlela zokuvimbela kanye nokwelashwa kwezifo, izici zokuphumula.
Kungani kuphuka kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokubeletha?
Ama-discontinuities emva kokubeletha ayenzeka cishe kokukodwa kwabesifazane abathathu abasemsebenzini. Ekuzalweni kwezibulo, le nkinga ikhula kaningi. Lokhu kubangelwa ukungazilungiseleli komsele wokuzalwa. Imisipha ye-pelvis kanye ne-perineum enokunyakaza kwe-fetal icindezelwa kakhulu, yilokho okubangela ukuthuthukiswa kwezakhiwo ze-muscular. Ngokuvamile izikhala zilotshwe ngesikhathi sokubeletha okusheshayo , lapho isigaba sokuthunjwa sithatha imizuzu eminingana. Phakathi kwezici ezicasulayo zalokhu kwephulwa kuwumkhuba wokwabiwa:
- owokuqala eneminyaka engama-30 nangaphezulu - laba besifazane banomthelela obucayi ekutheni ukuqina kwezithambo ezincane;
- ukuguquka kwesibalo ku-perineum emva kokuzalwa kwangaphambili;
- ukulethwa okusheshayo, okusheshayo;
- ukufakwa kwekhanda le-fetus endaweni yokuphumula (ikhanda lomntwana akuyona encane);
- Isethulo sangasese - ingane ibonakala kusukela endleleni yokuzalwa yomsele noma inyawo phambili;
- ukwephulwa kwamaqhinga wokudiliva;
- Ukwenziwa kwezinsiza zokuhlinzeka ekuhlinzekeni - ukusetshenziswa kwe-forceps, ukukhipha umfutho we-fetus , ukuhlukaniswa komuntu kokuzalwa kokuzalwa;
- izithelo ezinkulu.
Ukuphumula komzimba ngesikhathi sokubeletha
Ukubeletha ngaphandle kokubuhlungu nokuphuka kuyinto engavamile. Ukwephulwa kobuqotho be-canal yokuzalwa kubangelwa ukucindezela ngokweqile kwizicubu ezithambile ezitholakalayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuthuthukiswa kokuphuka kulandelwa izibonakaliso ezisiza ukuvimbela ukucindezeleka. Izitshalo ezifuywayo kufanele ziqaphele ukunyakaza kwe-perineum, kanye ne-cyanosis, evela ku-stasis enezinyosi ezincane. I-edema yezicubu iqala, isikhumba kule ndawo sitholakale sibe ne-luster ephawulekayo. Uma kungekho izinyathelo ezifanele, ukuqhuma kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokubeletha.
Ukuvimbela ukuxilongwa kwenqubo yokulethwa, ababelethisi baphatha i- episiotomy noma i-perineotomy. Lezi zindlela ezibandakanya ukuhlukaniswa kwezicubu ezithambile esifundeni sokuphuka okuqhubekayo. Ngakho-ke ungakwazi ukukhipha ithuba lokutheleleka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isilonda esasakazwa siphila ngokushesha kunesilonda esinqunyiwe. Ukuphuka kwe-perineum ngemuva kokubeletha kungabonakala kungakapheli inyanga, futhi ama-sutures ngemuva kokunqunywa asuswa kakade ngezinsuku ezingu-7-10.
Ukuphuka kwamagciwane ngesikhathi sokubeletha
Izikhala ngesikhathi sokubambisana ziba nzima kakhulu inkambo yenqubo yokubukeka kwengane. Ubuqotho besiswini buphazamiseka lapho ikhanda lomntwana lingashukuthi emgodini wokuzalwa, isikhathi eside endaweni eyodwa. Ukuvusa ukuthuthukiswa kwegebe kungase kube nemizamo ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuphuma kwegazi kuqala, okuqala esikhathini esiyingqayizivele. Kulesi simo, ukubola kwesisu kungenzeka ngaphansi kwebhubhiso elimangalisa lomzimba. Kulesi simo, ukuhlukunyezwa kubhalwe kakade lapho kuhlolwa umsele wokuzala ngemva kokubeletha.
Ukuphuka komlomo ngesikhathi sokubeletha
Ngenxa yokuthi owesifazane ngamunye osebenzayo unomkhawulo ohlukile wobuhlungu, imizamo izwa yizo ngezindlela ezahlukene. Uma i-reflex taut iqala, lapho umlomo wesibeletho ungakavuli ngokugcwele, futhi owesifazane uqala ukuqhuma, kunqamuka intamo. Inhloko yengane inecindezelo eqinile, ngenxa yokumelana kwentamo, engavulwa ngokugcwele. Ngenxa yalokho, ubuqotho besitho sobulili buya phansi.
Ukuphuma komlomo wesibeletho ngemuva kokubeletha kudinga i-suture yokuqala. Asikho isidingo se-anesthesia. Ngesikhathi sokuxhaphazwa, odokotela basebenzisa izinsimbi ezizimele. Ngenxa yokuphulukiswa entanyeni, kutholakala isilaphu se-postoperative. Ukuze kukhishwe ukuphindaphindiwe ngokuphindaphindiwe ekuzalweni okulandelayo endaweni efanayo, isigaba sokuhlelwa okuhleliwe sihlelelwe.
Ukuphuma kwesibeletho ekubomeni ngesikhathi sokubeletha
Ukuphuma kwesibeletho ngesikhathi sokubeletha kuvame ukuvela ebaleni lobukhona. Uma ngaphambili izicubu zomsele wokubeletha zingaphansi kokungenelela kokuhlinzwa, isayithi lamathambo axhumene ne-elasticity elincane lenziwa endaweni yokuxubana kwabo. Masinyane lapha kukhona ukwephula ubuqotho bomzimba. Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga zalolu hlobo kuhlinzekwa ngu:
- imisebenzi yokuhlinza ngezidakamizwa esikhathini esidlule;
- ukutholakala kwesigaba se-caesarean ku-anamnesis.
Izikhala ngesikhathi sokulethwa - imiphumela
Odokotela bazama njalo isikhathi esifushane sokuqeda ukuhlukana komlomo ngesikhathi sokubeletha, imiphumela engayithinta kabi impilo yomama ekubelethweni. Lezi zinkinga zihambisana nokulahleka kwegazi, okuholela ekufeni ngaphandle kokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Kodwa-ke, ukucindezeleka kwesikhathi eside okuhambisana nenqubo yokubuyisela uhlelo lokuzala nakho kungenzeka. Phakathi kwabo kukhona:
- ama-abscesses endaweni ye-suturing;
- ukutheleleka kwesilonda;
- i-hematomas;
- izinqubo zokuvuvukala;
- ukwakheka kwezibazi.
Bangaki abaqeda ukuphulukisa ngesikhathi sokubeletha?
Le nkinga iwuhlobo lomuntu ngamunye. Isisindo sokuvuselelwa kabusha sincike ezintweni eziningana - ubukhulu bokuphuka, indawo yangakini, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungashadile noma kuningi. Ngokushesha, lezi zici zihlolwe odokotela ngenkathi yokwelashwa okubuyisela emuva. Ukumiswa kokuphuka ekuthunjweni kuyasuswa kuye ngokuthi iyiphi impahla esetshenzisiwe. Ngakho-ke, izangaphandle zisusiwe kakade ngosuku lwama-7-10 kusukela ngesikhathi sokuqokwa kwazo, zangaphakathi ziziqhayisa, odokotela baqaphela ukunyamalala kwabo.
Ngokuphathelene nesikhathi sokuphulukiswa okugcwele kwesilonda, nazo zihlukile. Ngakho-ke, izikhala zangaphakathi ngesikhathi sokubeletha ziphulukisa ezinsukwini ezingaba ngu-14, lapho izinhlaka zixazulula ekupheleni kwenyanga. Ukulimala kwangaphandle kwe-perineal kuphulukisa ngemuva kokukhipha amalunga 3-4 amasonto. Inqubo ngokwayo ingabambezeleka ngokujoyina ukutheleleka, ukuxhaswa, okudinga ukwelashwa okwengeziwe kanye nesikhathi.
Indlela yokugwema izikhala ngesikhathi sokubeletha?
Ngokuvamile, ukhathazekile ngokubukeka komntwana okuzayo, abesifazane abakhulelwe banesithakazelo odokotela indlela yokugwema ukuhlukana ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Odokotela abanikeli impendulo engabonakali ekhomba isidingo sokuhlangana okuhlangene. Izinyathelo zokulungiselela ezihlose ukunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga ngesikhathi sokubeletha zihlanganisa:
- ukufunda indlela efanele yokuzama ;
- Ukukhipha izinqubo zokuvuvukala ohlelweni lokuzala;
- ukwenza massage perineal;
- ukwenza imizimba ekhethekile yokuqeqesha imisipha ye-perineum kanye nesiswini.
Ungalungiselela kanjani ukulethwa ngaphandle kwekhefu?
Ukubeletha ngaphandle kokuphumula kungenye yezinhloso eziqhutshwa odokotela ekuqeqesheni kokubeletha. Iqala ngokuqondile ngxoxo, ihlukanisa izigaba kanye nendlela yokuzalwa. Ngenxa yalokho, owesifazane uyazi ukuthi yini okufanele akwenze nokuthi aziphathe kanjani ngenqubo yokulethwa ukuze agweme izinkinga. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa ukuze kungabikho ukuvuvukala kanye nokutheleleka ohlelweni lokuzala (ukushaywa kwesisu nesisindo, isiko lama-bacterium). Isinyathelo esilandelayo esimisweni sokulungiselela ukukhulisa ukuqina kwezithambo zomzimba. Lokhu kufezwa ngu:
- ukusikhipha indawo enikeziwe;
- ukuqhuba umzimba.
Izixazululo zokuphuka ngesikhathi sokubeletha
Amafutha okuvimbela ukuphuka ngesikhathi sokubeletha kusiza ukunciphisa izingozi zale nkinga. Yisebenzise ukufeza umzimba. Ungaqala inqubo cishe nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Ngakho-ke, ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa kanye ne-trimester yesibili, ukusikhipha umzimba kuyenziwa kanye emva kwezinsuku ezingu-7-10. Kusukela ngesonto 28, imvamisa yenkambiso yenyuka ibe yingu-1 ezinsukwini ezingu-5-7, emva kwamasonto angu-32 - izinsuku ezingu-1 kuya kwezinsuku ezingu-3-5. Njengoba usondela ku-maternity, ukuxhaphazwa kuvame kakhulu - emavikini angu-36 njalo ngosuku, kusuka ku-38 nsuku zonke. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuxhaphaza sebenzisa amafutha afana nalokhu:
- i-chamomile;
- umnqumo;
- i-pink;
- calendula.
Kukhona futhi imithi ekhethekile eklanyelwe ukwandisa ukuqina kwe-canal yokuzalwa, ukuqeda ukuhlukumeza ekubelethweni. Phakathi kwaziwa kwaziwa:
- Amafutha e-Peri;
- Weleda.
Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lezi zinqubo ziphikisana nazo, ngakho-ke kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngemva kwesivumelwano nomjozi wezifo zogciwane. Ukubhuka akuvunyelwe uma:
- izinqubo ezithathelwanayo zokuvuvukala emzimbeni;
- ukusongelwa kokukhipha isisu;
- izifo zesikhumba ze-perineum;
- ukushisa komzimba okuphakeme.
Ungakugwema kanjani ukuhlukumeza ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca?
Ukuvimbela ukuphuka ngesikhathi sokubeletha kuhilela ukuvivinya umzimba okuhloswe ukuqeqesha imisipha ye-perineum ne-pelvis. Basiza ukuthuthukisa ukuqina kwezakhiwo zomzimba, okwenza kube nengozi encane yokubhekana nezinkinga zokuzalwa. Ama-gynecologists ancoma lokhu okulandelayo:
- Esimweni sokuma, vusa amadolo akho phezulu ngangokunokwenzeka, uwalethe esifubeni sakho.
- Phakamisa kakhulu imilenze yakho, ugcizelele ngemuva kwesihlalo.
- Esikhundleni se-supine ohlangothini, ekudwebeni i-sphincter ye-rectum, ama-flaps amaningana enza umlenze oqondile.
- Ukubeka izinyawo zakhe ngezinzwane zakhe ngaphandle, ngokubanzi kunamahlombe akhe, yenza izikwele ezijulile, zihlala endaweni ephansi imizuzwana embalwa.