Ngaphandle kwezitshalo zezimbali, kukhona nezitshalo zokuhlobisa. Aziqhakazi noma ziqhakaze hhayi kahle kakhulu, futhi zikhulile ngabantu ngenxa yamahlamvu abo angavamile okuhlobisa. Leli qembu lingabandakanya ama-fern - enye yezitshalo endala kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Namuhla inezinhlobo eziyizinkulungwane ezingaphezu kwezingu-11, kodwa bambalwa kuphela abazisebenzisayo ekhaya lokulima kanye nokulima. Ngokuvamile zisetshenziselwa izindawo ezithuthukile . Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezidumile zalesi sitshalo kungabizwa ngokuthi i-adianum, nephrolepis , asplenium, platitseritum, i-pellei, i-pteris, njll.
Ama-Ferns athakazelisayo ngokuthi akhiqiza emvelweni ngosizo lwezinhlamvu, njenge-horsetails nama-plaque. Izingxabano ziyizimbewu, kuphela ezincane kakhulu, okwenza kube nzima ngabantu ukuba baveze ngokuzikhandla futhi bazijabulise, ngisho nokugembula: kuzokwenza noma ngeke kusebenze? Ngakho-ke, ake sibheke indlela le nqubo eyenzeka ngayo.
Isici sezici ze-ferns amaqabunga amakhulu amade, akhula kancane kancane. Emkhakheni weqabunga, izinhlamvu noma imbewu zakhiwa ukuze zikhiqize i-fern.
Izindlela zokukhiqiza ama-ferns
Ukukhiqizwa kwama-ferns okufakelwayo kuhilela izindlela ezimbili:
- Ukusabalalisa ngezinhlamvu . Izingxabano kulezi zitshalo zikhona e-sporangia ezisekhasini ngalinye. Ngaphandle zifana namachashazi ensundu noma ensundu. Ukuze ufunde ngokuzikhandla, njengoba ama-ferns ephindaphinda, usike iqabunga esitshalweni ngemifula yothuli oluhlaza futhi ulibeke esikhwameni seplastiki. Kumele kugxiliswe kahle, ukuze izinhlamvu zihlukaniswe neqabunga futhi ziqhubekele phansi phansi esikhwameni ngesimo se powder obomvu. Kungcono ukwenza lokhu ngezimpendulo eziningana, ngezikhathi ezithile ukuthuthumela iphakheji. Khona-ke imbewu idinga ukuhlwanyelwa endaweni elungiselelwe. Njengoba ngokuvamile kuvame ukusetshenziswa ingxube yesihlabathi kanye ne-peat, ngezinye izikhathi ngokufaka umhlabathi ohlaza. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kuvunyelwe ukuthatha i-substrate eyenziwe ngomumo we-senpolia. Ingxube elungiselelwe kufanele isetshenziswe amahora angu-4 ukuqeda izinambuzane kanye nokhula okungenzeka. Khona-ke isitsha esingenalutho sigcwele umhlabathi omanzi mayelana no-3-4 cm obukhulu nezinhlamvu ezihanjiswa phezu kwawo (akudingeki ukuba zifafaze). Isiqukathi sigcwele ingilazi ukugcina umswakama njalo. Ukuze kuhlume izinhlamvu ze-fern, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa izinga lokushisa esifundeni se-25 ° C. Okokuqala kwezinhlamvu zivela izihlumela - isitshalo encane ngaphandle kwezimpande. Ngokungafani nezinye izitshalo ze-asexual, zinezitho zesilisa nezinsikazi, lapho kwenziwa khona amangqamuzana obulili. Amahlumela kufanele ahlungwe ngobumnene ngesibhamu sokuphambanisa, ngoba kuphela lapho kufaka khona ifilimu emanzi kuyokwenziwa ukukhulelwa.
- Uhlobo lwezitshalo zokukhiqiza . Kulula kakhulu futhi isebenza ezitshalweni ezinamaphuzu amaningana okukhula. Kwenze kangcono ekwindla, ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kwonyaka, noma entwasahlobo, emva kokuqala kokukhula okusebenzayo. Ukwenza lokhu, hlukanisa isihlahla emaqenjini amaningana noma uhlukanise ngezihlalo ezihlukene. Kulokhu, udinga ukunaka inani lamaphuzu okukhula (meristem) kuma-rhizomes. Inqubo ye-vegetative iphinde ibhekisele ekukhiqizeni izinqubo kanye nama-brood buds akhiwe emaphethelweni amaqabunga kwezinye izinhlobo ze-fern (isibonelo, ku-asplenium). Kodwa i-nephrolepis ingaba yande
ngenxa yokuhlwanyela okunyuka, okusabalala phansi, njengamadevu we-strawberry. Hlukanisa ukuphunyuka okunjalo bese uphonsa embizeni encane. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-nephrolepis zinezilimo eziyizigaxa, ezakhiwa ngamanani amakhulu emahlumela angaphansi komhlaba. Zingasetshenziswa futhi ukukhiqiza.
Kulabo bantu abanamazinga okukhula okulodwa kuphela, ukuphindaphinda usebenzisa ukuhlukaniswa kwezimpande kusetshenziswa. Uhlelo lwempande lwesitshalo kufanele luqedwe ngokucophelela ngommese obukhali phakathi kwama-rosettes. Khona-ke isitshalo ngasinye esinengxenye yesimiso sitshalo sitshalwe enhlabathini, sisele amanzi futhi siphofwe. Okufanele ukwenze le nqubo kuyinto efiselekayo esimweni sezulu esibucayi.