Isimo segciwane le-urogenital siboniswa ngemingcele efana nama-leukocyte (nawo amhlophe amangqamuzana egazi) kanye ne-erythrocytes emcinini. Ukuxilongwa okulungile kubalulekile ekutholakaleni kwabo - lokhu sekucatshangwa ukuthi ukuphambuka - nokulingana. Ukwedlulisa umkhuba ovumelekile ngezinye izinto ezimbalwa kukhombisa ukwakheka kanye nenqubo yezinqubo ze-pathological emzimbeni. Izinga lamaseli abomvu kumchamo angatholakala ngemuva kokuhlaziywa komtholampilo jikelele.
Iyini amaseli obomvu egazi
Ngaphambi kokuqonda izimbangela zokukhula eziphakeme, udinga ukwazi ukuthi amangqamuzana egazi abomvu aphi; incazelo yalo mqondo kanje: lawa maseli egazi akhethekile athatha i-oxygen emaphashini nasemuva; izicubu zomzimba, imisipha nokuthutha i-carbon dioxide emuva. Bahlanza igazi lezinhlayiya bese banika umbala obomvu ojwayele ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kweprotheyini ye-hemoglobin. Ngosizo lwamaseli abomvu obomvu, ukudla okunomsoco nokuphefumula komzimba kwenziwa.
Ngaphandle, amaseli abukeka njengediski enokucindezeleka okuphakathi, abanalo i-nucleus. Ziyi-elastin futhi zingahle zisonteke, zingene kalula ezitheni ezincane kakhulu. Indawo yokubukeka kwe-erythrocytes emzimbeni womuntu ingumnkantsha obomvu ohlala emgodleni, izimbambo, ngaphakathi kwamathambo e-skull. Iseli ngalinye lihamba phambili ngaphambi kokungena embhedeni wamasongo: likhula, usayizi ushintsho, ukuma nokubunjwa.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-erythrocytes ingaba umchamo
Ukusesha amaseli obomvu e-urine kuyadingeka ukuxilongwa. I-erythrocyte ayitholakali emcimbini ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, kodwa ezinganeni kufanele zingekho ngokuphelele. Amangqamuzana egazi angakwazi ukunqoba umgoqo wemvelo wodonga lwamanzi ngenxa yokulimala, ukulimala, ukuvuvukala, okuboniswa ama-erythrocytes emcinini. Khona-ke amaseli abonakala ngaphansi kwe-microscope (ensimini okuthiwa yombono wedivayisi) noma nge-eye iso. Lezi zici zichaza amagama amabili:
- Microhematurgy. Inombolo ye-erythrocyte ayinasici, isisodwa noma amabili amaseli egazi esifundeni esibonakalayo.
- Macrohematurgy. Ukweqile kwesimiso kuyinto enkulu, umchamo uthola uboya obubomvu.
Ama-erythrocytes ashintshiwe emcinini
I-erythrocytes ephakeme emcinini yilabo bokuqala ukubonisa okungavamile. Yeka ukuthi kunzima kangakanani inkinga nokuthi yini imbangela yayo ingachazwa ngokubonakala kwamaseli. Umuthi osemthethweni uhlukanisa izinhlobo ezimbili zamaseli abomvu asemzimbeni, lapho umchamo ungatholakala khona: awushintshi futhi waguqulwa. Amaseli aphethwe yisikhathi alahlekelwa i-hemoglobin, ashintshe isakhiwo, isimo, ehambisana nokukhona kwamaprotheni. Ama-erythrocyte afanayo emcimbini wabesifazane namadoda akhuluma ngezinguquko nokuphazamiseka ohlelweni lwe-genitourinary.
I-erythrocyte ayishintshi emcinini
Uma kwenzeka amangqamuzana engashintshi, amapharamitha awo ahlala efana. Abalahlekelwa i-hemoglobin, isakhiwo kanye nomsebenzi wabo njenge-transporter. Iyini i-erythrocytes emcinini, ukuguqulwa akuzange kwenzeke? Lawa maseli amasha avela emithanjeni yegazi ewonakele yesikhumba, izinambuzane ezimangcwaba ze-ureters, njll. Zingena emcimbini kanye nokuphuma kwegazi okuvulekile esibelethweni.
I-Erythrocytes emcintini - evamile
Ngemuva kokuhlaziywa komchamo, i-erythrocyte itholakele ngesamba esincane, okuyinto evamile. Ngezizathu zemvelo, bangakwazi ukungena esikhathini sokuya esikhathini nokulala ngokobulili (ukukhathazeka ngamadoda angaphansi kwesigqila esingasokwanga), futhi emva kokuthwala okusebenzayo, hlala ekugeza, ukuhlukunyezwa kokudla okwesiphuzo nokuphuza utshwala. Inombolo evumelekile yemizimba ebomvu kumuntu onempilo:
- kuze kufinyelele emkhakheni wokubukwa kwedivayisi yokuhlaziya emadodeni;
- kuze kufike abathathu kwabafazi.
I-Erythrocytes emcinini iphakanyisiwe - izimbangela
Uma okulandelayo kubonakalisiwe futhi kubonakalisiwe: i-erythrocytes emcimbini yanda, izimbangela zabesifazane namadoda zihlukile, ezihambisana nokungafani okuhlukahlukene kwezigameko zesistimu yokuzala. Le prostatitis, umdlavuza wesifo sofuba, ukuguguleka komlomo wesibeletho kanye nokuphuma kwegazi. Kodwa kunezifo ezivamile. Ama-erythrocytes emcintini, kusho ukuthini lokhu uma umuntu engaphilile? Ziyizimpawu ezivamile:
- izifo zezinso (umdlavuza, pyelonephritis, urolithiasis, njll);
- ama-pathologies ase-postrenal ehambisana nesisu nesiguli;
- umphumela wezimbangela ze-somatic - ukudakwa, i- hemophilia , ukwehla ezingeni lama platelet.
Kuthiwani uma amangqamuzana egazi abomvu kumchamo ephakanyisiwe?
Ukuhlaziywa kwe-laboratory kuphela (microhematurgy) iyakwazi ukukhombisa ukuthi i-erythrocytes emcinini iphakanyisiwe. Ukuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe, amasampuli amaningana anikezwa, afakwa ngamakhono amathathu ahlukene. Ngemva kokutadisha ngaphansi kwe-microscope, imbangela yalokho kwenzeka kwenzeka. Uma inani lamaseli egazi kuzo zonke izilimo eziyizigaxa zokuhlola lifanayo, kusho ukuthi igazi livela izinso. Uma amangqamuzana egazi abomvu atholakale kuphela esitsheni sokuqala, kunamathuba aphezulu okuthi kukhona isifo sesikhumba, futhi uma ku-tube yesithathu - ohlelweni lwe-urinary.
Izenzo ezengeziwe kanye nokwelashwa kuqokwa ngokusekelwe kulo mphumela. Isiguli singasiza kanjani udokotela? Kubalulekile ukucacisa ukuthi ngabe kube khona yini izinguquko ekudleni kwesonto elidlule, ngabe kukhona ukulimala, ukukhathala, noma ngabe imiphi imithi esetshenzisiwe. Lokhu kuzosiza udokotela ukuthola ukuthi ukuphakama kwamazinga omzimba obomvu kungenxa yesimo somzimba noma ukuthuthukiswa kwamathambo. Ngezinye izikhathi, emva kokuvame ukwenza isimiso somsebenzi nsuku zonke, ukubuka ukudla nokukhipha izici ezivusa amadlingozi, izivivinyo zibuyela emuva evamile. Kodwa emva kwezinsuku ezingu-20-30, udinga ukwenza isifundo sesibili.
I-Erythrocytes emcinini wabesifazane abakhulelwe
Kwenzeka ukuthi ukuhlaziywa komtholampilo kwembula i- erythrocytes emcimbini ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa , okuyinto engeyona eyingozi njalo futhi yephulwa. Ukwandisa ngezinye izikhathi isibeletho nomntwana okukuyo ukucindezela izinso, ezisebenza ngendlela eqinisiwe. Ukuguqulwa kokujikeleza kwegazi nokuhlunga kwe-renal kuholela ekubukeni kwamaseli egazi. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, isimiso se-erythrocytes emcimbini wabesifazane ngamayunithi amabili. Ekuhlaziyweni okujwayelekile - 3-5 emkhakheni wokubuka, okungeyona ukuphambuka. Uma kukhona amangqamuzana amaningi, ukuvuthwa kuhambisane nobuhlungu, ukushisa, izinga lokushisa nezinye izimpawu, kunesifo.
Ngosizo lokuhlaziywa komchamo, ungathola cishe noma yisiphi isifo. Ngakho-ke, lolu cwaningo lwama-laboratory luqala kuqala izinyathelo eziningi zokuxilonga. Ama-erythrocytes emcinini kanye nama-proteins kanye nama-leukocytes anika odokotela umbono ocacile ngesimo jikelele sesiguli, umsebenzi wezitho zangaphakathi zakhe. Ukudlulela izinga lamaseli kudinga ukutadisha ngokucophelela nokungenelela kwezokwelapha.