Iyini i-swastika? Abaningi, ngaphandle kokungabaza, bayophendula - i-swastika yayisetshenziswa ama-fascists. Omunye uzothi - yi-amulet yase-Old Slavic, futhi zombili zizobe zilungile futhi zilungile ngesikhathi esifanayo. Zingaki ezungeze lesi sibonakaliso sezinganekwane nezinganekwane? Bathi esiphethweni esifanayo esiyisiprofetho u-Oleg esibethela eminyango kaConstantinople, i-swastika iboniswe.
Iyini i-swastika?
I-Swastika iyimpawu endala kunazo zonke, ezavela ngisho naphambi kwenkathi yethu futhi inomlando ocebile. Izizwe eziningi ziphikisana ngokufanele ukuba zithole. Izithombe ze-Swastika zitholakala e-China, e-India. Lena uphawu oluphawulekayo. I-swastika isho ukuthini - indalo, ilanga, inhlalakahle. Ukuhunyushwa kwegama elithi "swastika" kusuka eSanskrit lisho - ufisa okuhle nenhlanhla.
I-Swastika - umsuka wesimboli
Uphawu lwe-swastika luyislayela, isibonakaliso selanga. Okushiwo okuyinhloko ukuhamba. Umhlaba uhamba nxazonke elangeni, izinkathi ezine zonyaka zihlale zithatha indawo eyodwa - kulula ukubona ukuthi incazelo enkulu yephawu akuyona nje ukunyakaza, kodwa ukunyakaza okuphakade kwendawo yonke. Abanye abacwaningi bamemezela ukuthi i-swastika ibonisa ukujikeleza okuphakade kwendala. I-swastika iwuphawu lwelanga, zonke izidalwa zasendulo zibhekisele kuyo: ekuthunjweni kwezindawo ze-Inca, izindwangu ezinomfanekiso we-swastika zitholakala, zitholakala emalini yesiGreki lasendulo, ngisho nasezithombeni zamatje zesiqhingi sase-Easter kukhona izibonakaliso ze-swastika.
Umdwebo wokuqala welanga ungumbuthano. Bese bebona isithombe esinezinhlangothi ezine, abantu baqala ukudweba isiphambano ngemisebe emine egumbini. Noma kunjalo, isithombe siphumelele - futhi yonke indawo ihlala ngamandla, bese imisebe iphelile - isiphambano saphenduka. Le mibala ibonisa futhi izinsuku ezine ezibalulekile okhokho bethu ngonyaka - i-solstice yehlobo / yasebusika, i-spring and autumn equinox. Lezi zinsuku zinquma ushintsho lwezinkanyezi zezinkathi zezinkathi futhi zasebenza njengezibonakaliso lapho zisebenza kwezolimo, lapho ukwakhiwa nezinye izinto ezibalulekile emphakathini izindaba.
I-Swastika ishiya kwesokudla
Sibona ukuthi lesi sibonakaliso siyini yonke indawo. Kulukhuni kakhulu ukuchazela kubantu abangenakuqhathaniswa nalokho okushiwo yi-swastika. I-multifunction and multivalued, kuyisimiso somgomo oyisisekelo wokuba nayo yonke imibonakaliso yayo, futhi phakathi kwezinye izinto, i-swastika inamandla. Ingashintsha kokubili ngakwesokudla nangakwesobunxele. Abaningi kakhulu badideka futhi babheka njengalokhu uhlangothi lokujikeleza isiqondisi lapho umkhawulo wemisebe ubheka khona. Lokhu akulungile. Uhlangothi lokujikeleza lunqunywa ama-angles okugoba. Qhathanisa ngonyawo lomuntu - ukunyakaza kuqondiswe lapho idolo eligobile liqondiswa khona, hhayi isithende.
Swastika kwesokunxele
Kukhona inkolelo ethi ukujikeleza kwe-clockwise kuyi-swastika efanele, futhi ngokumelene nendawo embi, emnyama, i-swastika ngokuphambene nalokho. Kodwa-ke, kuyoba yi-banal kakhulu - ngakwesokudla nangesobunxele, emnyama nomhlophe. Ngokwemvelo, konke kulungile - ilanga lishintshwa ebusuku, ehlobo - ebusika, akukho ukuhlukaniswa okuhle nokubi - konke okukhona, kuyadingeka kunoma yini. Ngakho nge-swastika - akukho okuhle noma okubi, kukhona ngakwesokunxele nangakwesokudla.
I-swastika-kwesokunxele-ijikeleza ngokumelene newashi. Lokhu kusho ukuhlanzwa, ukubuyiselwa. Ngezinye izikhathi kubizwa ngokuthi uphawu lokubhujiswa - ukwakha okuthile okukhanyayo, udinga ukubhubhisa omdala nomnyama. I-swastikas ingase igqoke ngokushintshaniswa kwesobunxele, yayibizwa ngokuthi "iSiphambano Saphezulu" futhi yayiwuphawu lobunye obudala, lunikezela kulowo ogqokayo, usizo lwazo zonke okhokho bomndeni kanye nokuvikelwa kwamandla asezulwini. I-swastika engasese kwesokunxele ibhekwa njengesibonakaliso selanga ekwindla - elihlangene.
Swastika-kwesokudla
I-swastika ngesandla sokunene ijikeleza ngewashi futhi ichaza ukuqala kwakho konke okukhona-ukuzalwa, ukuthuthukiswa. Liwuphawu lelanga lokusentwasahlobo - amandla okudala. Wayebizwa nangokuthi - i-Novorodnik noma i-Sun cross. Wafanekisela amandla elanga nokuchuma komndeni. Uphawu lwelanga ne-swastika lilingana nalesi simo. Kwakukholelwa ukuthi linikeza amandla amakhulu kubapristi. Olegrofetha u-Oleg, okukhulunywe ngaye ekuqaleni, wayenelungelo lokugqoka lesi sibonakaliso esihlangu sakhe, ngoba wayazi, okungukuthi, wayazi Ukuhlakanipha Kwakudala. Kusukela kulezi zinkolelo futhi yahamba inkolelo efakazela umsuka waseSlavonic wasendulo we-swastika.
Isi-Slavic swastika
I-swastika engakwesobunxele nangakwesokunxele yamaSlav ibizwa ngokuthi i- Kolovrat ne-Posolon. I-Swastika Kolovrat igcwala ukukhanya, ivikela ebumnyameni, uPololon unikeza ukukhuthaza nokuqina okungokomoya, uphawu luyisikhumbuzo sokuthi umuntu wadala ukuthuthukiswa. Lawa amagama amabili kuphela eqenjini elikhulu lamaSlavic swastika. Babelana ngeziphambano ngemisebe egobile. Imisebe ingaba yilabayisithupha, kanti ayisishiyagalombili, iboshwe kokubili ngakwesokudla nangakwesobunxele, uphawu ngalunye lwalunegama layo futhi lwaluphethe umsebenzi othile wokuqapha. Izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-swastika phakathi kwamaSlav 144. Ngaphezu kweziSlav ezikhulunywe ngenhla kwaba:
- I-Sunflower;
- Inglia;
- Svarozic;
- Umshado;
- Perunov ukukhanya;
- Izikhumba zasezulwini nokuhlukahluka okuningi okusekelwe ezakhiweni zelanga zakwa-swastika.
Swastika yamaSlav namaFascist - umehluko
Ngokungafani ne-fascist, amaSlav ayengenayo imigqa eqinile emfanekisweni walesi sibonakaliso. Imisebe ingaba yimuphi inombolo, ingahle iphulwe emajuba ahlukene, ingahle iqoqwe. Uphawu lwe-swastika yamaSlav luyisibingelelo, isifiso senhlanhla, kanti e-congress lamaNazi ngo-1923, uHitler wanxusa abasekeli ukuthi i-swastika isho ukulwa namaJuda namaKhomanisi ngenxa yokuhlanzeka kwegazi nokuphakama kohlanga lwe-Aryan. I-swastika ye-fascist inezidingo zayo eziqinile. Lokhu futhi kuphela lesi sithombe yi-swastika yesiJalimane:
- Imikhawulo yesiphambano kumele iphulwe ngakwesokudla;
- Yonke imigqa ihamba ngokuqinile ekhoneni lika-90 °;
- Isiphambano kumele sibe sembuthaneni omhlophe emlandweni obomvu.
- Kulungile ukuthi akusho ukuthi "swastika", kepha uHakenkenkrey
Swastika ebuKristwini
EbuKristwini bokuqala, kuvame ukusetshenziselwa isithombe swastika. Kwakubizwa ngokuthi "isiphambano esiphambene" ngenxa yokufaniswa nencwadi yesiGreki ye-gamma. I-Swastika yafihla isiphambano ngezikhathi zokushushiswa kwamaKristu - i-catacomb yobuKristu. I-Swastika noma iGammadion yayiyisiginiso esikhulu sikaKristu kuze kube sekupheleni kweNkathi Ephakathi. Ezinye izazi zidweba ngokuqondile phakathi komKristu nesiphambano esiphambanweni, ebiza ngokuthi "isiphambano esiphambukayo" sokugcina.
I-Swastika e-Orthodoxy yayisetshenziswe ngenkuthalo ngaphambi kwezinguquko: njengengxenye yomhlobiso wezimpahla zobupristi, emidwebo yezithombe, emafresksi lapho izindonga zamasonto zidwetshiwe khona. Kodwa-ke, kunombono ohlukile - i-gammadion iyinqamu ephukile, uphawu lobuhedeni, ku-Orthodoxy ayinalutho.
I-Swastika eBuddhism
Nge-swastika ungabhekana nanoma yikuphi lapho kunezimpawu zomkhuba wamaBuddha, kuyisinyathelo esinqunyiwe somlenze kaBuddha. I-swastika yamaBuddha, noma "mandzi," isho ukuguquguquka komyalelo wezwe. Umzila oqondile uhlotshaniswa nendawo enezingqimba, njengoba ubudlelwane bombhalo / umhlaba buhlobene nobuhlobo phakathi kwesilisa nowesifazane. Ukuguqula imisebe ngakwesinye isiqondiso kugcizelela isifiso somusa, ukuthobeka, ngendlela ehlukile - ebubini, amandla. Lokhu kunikeza ukuqonda ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuba khona kwamandla ngaphandle kozwela, nokuhawukelwa ngaphandle kwamandla, ukuphika noma yikuphi ukuziphatha okulodwa, njengokwephula ukuvumelana komhlaba.
I-Swastika yase-Indian
I-Swastika e-India ayijwayelekile. Kukhona ama-swastika asele futhi asesokudla. Ukujikeleza kwe-clock kufanekisela amandla wesilisa "yin", ngokumelene - "yang" yowesifazane. Ngesinye isikhathi lesi sibonakaliso sisho bonke onkulunkulu nabesifazanekazi bamaHindu, khona-ke emgqeni wezinhlangothi zomlilo zifaka isibonakaliso "ohm" - uphawu lokuthi bonke onkulunkulu baqala ukuqala.
- Ukujikeleza kwesokudla: kusho ilanga, ukuhamba kwalo kusuka empumalanga kuya entshonalanga - ukuthuthukiswa kwendawo yonke.
- Ukujikeleza ngakwesobunxele kubonisa unkulunkulukazi uKali, umlingo, ubusuku - ukubunjwa kwendawo yonke.
Ingabe i-swastika ingavunyelwe?
Isibonakaliso swastika sivinjelwe yiNkantolo yaseNuremberg. Ukungaqapheli kwanikeza amaqiniso amaningi, isibonelo, i-swastika ibonisa izinhlamvu ezine ezixhunyiwe "G" - Hitler, Himmler, Goering, Goebbels. Noma kunjalo, le nguqulo yayingenakulinganiswa ngokuphelele. U-Hitler, u-Himmler, u-Göring, u-Goebbels - akekho isibongo asiqali ngalolu daba. Kukhona amacala lapho kusukela kumamyuziyamu ama-specimens ayigugu kakhulu aqukethe izithombe ze-swastika ezenziwe nge-embroidery, ezimhlobiso, i-Old Slav ne-early amulet yamaKristu babanjwe futhi babhujiswa.
Emazweni amaningi aseYurophu kukhona imithetho evimbela izimpawu ze-fascist, kodwa isimiso senkululeko yokukhuluma asinakuphikwa. Icala ngalinye lokusebenzisa izimpawu zeNazism noma i-swastika linesimo sohlolo oluhlukile.
- Ngo-2015, uRoskomnazor ugunyaze ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe ze-swastika ngaphandle kwezinhloso zezingcaphephe.
- EJalimane, umthetho oqinile olawula umfanekiso we-swastika. Kunezinqumo eziningana zenkantolo ezivimbela noma ezivumela izithombe.
- EFrance, umthetho udluliselwe owenqabela ukubonakaliswa komphakathi kwamaSazi.