Kunzima ukucabanga ngendabuko okwakucatshangelwa ukuthi inganekwane engakhokhelwa kulolu daba njengonkulunkulukazi wokuzala. Waqashelwa yonke indawo nge planetus kaVenus, futhi usuku lwakhe lwacatshangwa ngoLwesihlanu. Iningi labacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi le nhlangano ibuyela emuva ku-Paleolithic futhi ibonakala ngesithombe "somama wesifazane".
Unkulunkulukazi wokuzala nokulima
Ngokuthuthukiswa kwezolimo, inkolo yodadekazi wokuzala iqinisile, njengesivumelwano somtjhado emiphakathini yabantu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, le nkathi idlulile, kodwa isithombe sobuNkulunkulu emiphakathini siye saqina. Phakathi kwama-hypostases ahlukene ka-unkulunkulukazi wokuzala, ukuxhuma okucacile kwembulwe, kufaka phakathi kwezinganekwane. Ngakho-ke, onkulunkulu bokubeletha abaniki nje kuphela impilo kubo bonke, kodwa futhi ukhethe, ngenxa yokuthi banomlingiswa we-chthonic.
Unkulunkulukazi wokuzala nabaseRoma
Ezindaweni zasendulo zaseRoma zaseRoma, indawo ekhethekile iye yahlala yintokazikazi yeCeres yokuzala. Kunolwazi oluningi mayelana nesimo sengqondo sokuthuthumela sama-plebeians kuye. Ukusuka ekilasini elihlezi bakhetha umpristi owamhloniphayo. Kwakukhona nomkhosi waminyaka yonke, owaqanjwa ngokuthi unkulunkulukazikazi, owawubanjwe ngo-Ephreli - iziqu. Kuyaziwa ukuthi phakathi nezinsuku eziyisishiyagalombili zango-Ephreli ama-plebeians ahlela ukudla futhi aphathana ukuze unkulunkulukazi waseRoma ongumzala ajabule.
I-Ceres, ngokwezinkolelo zasendulo, iletha intwasahlobo emhlabeni. Hlanganisa lokhu ngomlando wokuqanjwa kweProserpine, okufana nomlando wezinganekwane zamaGriki mayelana noDemeter noPhephonephone. Efuna indodakazi yakhe, unkulunkulukazi waphoqeleka ukuba ahlele phansi, ngenxa yokuthi izwe elizungezile laqala ukubola. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, uchitha isigamu sonyaka ngeProserpine embusweni wasePlutonian. Ngakho, lapho ehamba, uthatha konke ukushisa naye, futhi uma ebuya uyabuyisa.
Unkulunkulukazi wokuzala phakathi kwamaSlav
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bangaki abantu base-Slavic bangaphambi kobuKhristu ababekhona nokuthi bangaphambene kanjani, babehlale behlangene nkulunkulukazikazi wokuzala uMakosh. Ngokwezinye izinkolelo, kuyisithombe sikaMama we-Crusty Earth, engagcini nje ngokuphila kuzo zonke izinto, kodwa futhi sinqume isiphetho semvelo yazo. Wamsiza kulezi ezinye izinkulunkulu ezimbili - Yabelana noNedolya. Ngokubambisana, lezi zidalwa, ngokusebenzisa uhlaka lwazo, zandulela ukuhlala komuntu ngamunye, njenge-Ancient Roman Parks noma i-Ancient Greek Moira.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi le nkulunkulukazi wokuzala wabuye wahlonishwa nguPrince Vladimir, umbhapathizi waseRussia, owayala ukubhujiswa kwazo zonke izithombe. Lokhu bubufakazi bokubonakala kukaMakosh ekuboneni komhlaba ngamaSlav asendulo. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, wayehlonishwa njengomuntu obhekene nomama, kwanoma yimuphi umnotho wezwe nomhlaba.
Unkulunkulukazi wokuzala phakathi kwamaGreki
E-Hellas, nakwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba, kwakukhona "uMama Omkhulu", izinkolelo ezenzeka kulo mqondo wezwe lamaRoma. Unkulunkulukazi wokuzala nokulima eGrisi lasendulo - uDemeter wayengomunye wemikhawulo ehloniphekile ye-Olympus. Lokhu kuboniswa yizinto eziningi ezitholakala egameni lakhe:
- Anpheus;
- I-Achaya;
- I-Europe;
- I-Furia;
- I-Ennea;
- I-Erinia;
- Iul;
- I-Herkin;
- Htonia.
Kodwa-ke, i-epithet efaneleka kakhulu, eyayiyinkulunkulukazi wokuzala uDemeter - "Sieve", okuhunyushwa kusuka esiGriki sasendulo kusho "hlebodarnaya." Ugcizelela ngempumelelo ukuphatha kwakhe phezu kwezolimo, emva kwakho konke, ngokusho kwenganekwane yokuthunjwa kukaPerphonephone, wafundisa ukulima izwe likaTerptolemus, indodana ka-Eleusinian tsar, ngokubonga ngesibindi esasithola. Wayehlala ethanda intandokazikazi, waba ngumqambi wokulima nokusabalalisa umkhuba wokuhlala.
Unkulunkulukazi wokuzala phakathi kwabaseGibithe
Ngaphandle kwamabhishi eNayile kwakungunkulunkulukazi ohloniphekile kakhulu kuno-Isis. Inkolo yakhe yayisakazeke kangaka kangangokuthi waqala ukuthatha izici nezakhiwo zabanye onkulunkulu. Ngakho-ke, unkulunkulukazi wenzalo eGibhithe wayesisibonelo somuntu wesifazane, umama nokuthembeka. Ngenxa yokuthi u-Isis wayengunina kaHorus, unkulunkulu wamakhosikazi, wayebhekwa njengomuntu ohlonishwayo futhi ukhokho wabasaya.
Indaba ejwayelekile kunazo zonke mayelana nobuhle bukaIsis yindlovukazi yakhe kanye nomyeni wakhe u- Osiris - unkulunkulu wama-chthonic owafundisa abantu ukulima. Ngokwalesi sici, inkosi ye-afterlife yabulawa nguSeth. Lapho u-Ishida ezwa ngokushona komyeni wakhe, wahamba efuna isidumbu sakhe eqoshiwe no-Anubis. Ukuthola izinsalela zika-Osiris, zakha umama wokuqala. Ngosizo lomlingo wasendulo, unkulunkulukazi wokuzala wavuswa ngumyeni wakhe. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, u-Isis uboniswe ngamaphiko amahle, afanekisa ukuvikelwa.
Unkulunkulukazi waseFenike wokuzala
Ezindaweni "zasendulo elibomvu" Astarte wayenencazelo ekhethekile kubantu. AmaFenike yonke indawo akhazimulisa unkulunkulukazi wabo, ngenxa yokuthi amaGreki ayekholelwa ukuthi abantu bonke bazinikele kuye. Noma kunjalo, njengabaseRoma, isikhathi esithile sambheka njengonkulunkulukazi wothando, ekhomba noVenus noma u-Aphrodite. Lokhu kubangelwa ukuthi unkulunkulukazi wenzalo ePhenicia ngamakhulu eminyaka wenza imisebenzi nemitjha emisha. Wayehlonishwa njengonkulunkulukazi wenyanga, amandla ombuso, umndeni ngisho nempi, futhi inkolo yakhe yasakaza kulo lonke elaseMedithera.
Unkulunkulukazi waseNdiya wokuzala
USarwatiwati unkulunkulukazi wezwe lamaHindu, ohlonishwa njengenkosikazi yendawo, inhlalakahle kanye nokuzala. Ubhekwa njengowesifazanekazikazi womfula, ngoba igama lakhe lisho ukuthi "ogelezayo." Izimfanelo zithikazikazi yizi:
- isembatho esimhlophe esifanele;
- ubuhlalu obumhlophe be-rosary;
- i-Vedas;
- Izingane kuyisitsha somculo samaNdiya;
- isitsha samanzi angcwele;
- swan white.
Kungabuye kuthiwa abantu abanjenge "Mahadevi" - "Umama Omkhulu". Unkulunkulukazi wokuzala eNdiya uhlonishwa ngokuhlonipha esikhathini sethu. USarwatiwati ungumfazi kaBrahma - oyedwa wabonkulunkulu bakaTrmurti, owadala indawo yonke, ngenxa yokuthi uhlala endaweni ekhethekile e-pantheon. I-Mahadevi ibuye ivikele ukufundisa, ukuhlakanipha, ubuciko kanye nobuciko.
Unkulunkulukazi we-Afrika wokuzala
Ezingxenyeni ezinkulu zase-Afrika, ukuqubuzana nenkolo yokuzikhukhumeza kwakunzima, kodwa izizwe nezinhlanga ezihlukene zazingase zenze ama-pantheons onkulunkulu. Ngakho-ke, u-Ashanti, ohlala ensimini yeGhana yanamuhla, uye wahlonishwa iminyaka engamakhulu ngu-Asaae Afua, umfazi wendodana ephakeme uNyame. Kodwa-ke, kukhona iqiniso eliphawulekayo ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umbono wakhe ushintshile ngendlela inkolo yakhe iye yabangela onkulunkulu ababili abahlukile: u-Asaoe Afua - unkulunkulukazi womhlaba nokuzala, no-Asaoe Ya, okufanekisela ukungabi nokuzalwa nokufa.
Owesifazanekazi we-Maya Fertility
U-Ish-Chel, noma "inkosikazi yomnsalo" wayehlonishwa abesifazane. Unkulunkulukazi wokuzala nomama wamaMaya wayevezwa njengowesifazane onogwaja ehlezi emadolweni, kodwa kamuva isithombe sakhe sashintsha - abaculi baqala ukumethula njengowesifazane omdala onamehlo amajaguar nezinyoka, izinyoka ezinwele zakhe. Ngokusho kwezinganekwane, unkulunkulukazi wenyoka wayengunkosikazi kaKinich-Ahau, unkulunkulu we-Sun, nomkakhe we-Itzamna. U-Ish-Shel uyaziwa nangokuthi ungumqashi wobuciko, inyanga nobuhlakani besifazane. Kuyaziwa ukuthi iMaya ibizwa ngokuthi i-Ish-Kanlem.
Unkulunkulukazi wokuzala eJapane
Ezweni LeSuku Enyukayo, omunye wabesifazanekazi abahlonishwayo namanje u-Inari. Wanikela ngaphezu kwengxenye yesithathu yamathempeli eShinto, uhlonishwa ngesiBuddha. Ekuqaleni, angaboniswa njengendodakazi enhle, indoda endala ene-ndevu noma i-androgen kuye ngokuthi indawo yendawo, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngenxa yobungani bakhe nokuvunwa nenhlalakahle, yahlonishwa njengonkulunkulukazi wesisu. U-Inari uhlonipha amasosha, abalingisi, abathintekayo kanye nezifebe.
Unkulunkulukazi wase-Akkadian wokuzala
Emasosini ama-Akkadians, onkulunkulu besifazane oyinhloko kwakungu-Ishtar. Ngaphandle kokuzala, yena wabonisa uthando lomzimba kanye nempi, futhi wayengumuntu ophethe izifebe, ubungqingili kanye ne-hetaera. Unkulunkulukazi wokuzala emlandweni wama-Akkad wayebaluleke kakhulu, kodwa kuze kube manje ubuqotho bethu nokulondolozwa akuzange kube yizindaba eziningi ngaye ngendlela esingathanda ngayo.
Izinganekwane eziyinhloko ezihlobene no-Ishtar e-Akkady kwakuyi-legend yakhe no-Gilgamesh. Ngokombiko, unkulunkulukazi wezithelo zomhlaba wamnika uthando lwakhe, kepha wenqatshwa, ngoba wabhubhisa bonke abathandi bakhe. U-Ishtar, ephikisana nokuhluleka, wathunyelwa edolobheni laseGilgamesh, i-Uruk, i-monster enkulu - inkunzi yasezulwini. Esesibili esibaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwama-Akkadians kwakuyizinganekwane, kodwa abacwaningi bathi umvelaphi wawo waseSumeriya.
Unkulunkulukazi waseSumeriya wokuzala
Inanna ingenye yezithixo ezihlonishwa kakhulu phakathi kwamaSumeriya. Ihambisana ne-Akkadian Ishtar ne-Astarte yaseFenike. Umlingiswa wakhe, ngokusho kwemithombo, wayefana nomuntu. U-Inanna wayehlukaniswa ngobuqili, ukungapheli nokuntuleka kokupha. Ihlelo lakhe lagcina liqede ukukhulekela u-Anu e-Uruk. Unkulunkulukazi wokuzala phakathi kwabakwaSumeriya abathintekayo futhi uthanda, ubulungisa, ukunqoba isitha.
Inganekwane eyinhloko ngaye yayingumlando wezintambo ezise-underworld, lapho ezindaweni zingase zifane nendaba yeProserpine nePerphone. Ngenxa yezizathu ezingaziwa, u-Ishtar waphoqeleka ukuba ashiye, endleleni eyahlukana nezimfanelo zakhe. Lapho efika e-Ereshgali, indlovukazi yama-chthonic yambulala. Nokho, amademoni amkhuthaza ukuba avushele u-Ishtar, kodwa ukuthi unkulunkulukazi wokuzala angakhululeka, omunye umuntu kwakudingeka athathe indawo yakhe. Ngakho-ke, kusukela njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha uDumuzi uhlala phansi. Lapho ebuyela kumkakhe, u- Ishtar , kuvela intwasahlobo.
Njengoba sesizijwayele onkulunkulukazi bokuzala kwezinhlanga ezihlukahlukene kakhulu, akunakwenzeka ukuba ungaboni izinombolo ezijwayelekile nezici ezivamile. Abanye abantu bakholelwa ukuthi lokhu kuwubufakazi bokuthi baba khona, abanye - bachaza imvelaphi evamile yabantu kanye nokufuduka. Ubani ongakholelwa yindaba yangasese kubo bonke abantu, kodwa ukukhulekela kukaMama kaNkulunkulu kwabonakala phakade empucuko yabantu.