Ukuhlinzwa okubizwa ngokuthi ukuvuselelwa kwebele kususwe ingxenye yayo uma kunezinkomba ezikhethekile. Njengomthetho, ukuthengiswa kwamabele kunqunyelwe ukwelashwa kwezifo ze-neoplastic. Ukuhlukanisa phakathi kokuthengiswa kwemikhakha kanye nokwahlukana okukhulu kwe-grey mammary. Lapho wenza ukuthengiswa okukhulu, njengoba igama liphakamisa, ingxenye enkulu ye-gland yamathambo isusiwe. Ngokuthengiswa kwemikhakha, indlela yokulondolozwa komzimba iyagcwaliseka, ngoba umkhakha omncane we-hemispherical gland wesifuba ususiwe.
Ukuthengiswa komkhakha we-mammary gland
Ngakho-ke, ngokuthengiswa komkhakha kuqondwa ukukhishwa okuyingxenye (emkhakheni) we-mammary gland , okudingekayo ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa kwenqubo yesisu. Ngaphansi komkhakha webele, odokotela abahlukahlukene baqonda ukulinganisa okuhlukile: kusuka ku-1/6 ingxenye kuya ku-1/8 ingxenye. Akukhathaleki ukuthi i-tumor yesifuba iyinhlamba noma iyingozi - le nqubo idinga ukunakekelwa futhi isuse indawo ethintekile ukuze igweme ukuthuthukiswa kwesimo esibi kakhulu.
Ukuthengiswa komkhakha kwenziwa:
- ukwelashwa komsola osolakala ukuthi unomdlavuza, lapho kudingekile ukusetha ukuxilongwa okuqondile ngokusebenzisa izinto ezikhishwe;
- ukuphathwa kwezicubu ezinobuthi;
- ekwelapheni umdlavuza webele (njengohlelo oluvumela ukugcina isitho).
Ukuthengiswa okukhulu kwebele, njengoba kufanele kuphawulwe, ukususwa kwesithathu noma isigamu sesifuba. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isisindo esincane se-pectoral, izicubu ezinamafutha, ngisho nalawo angama-lymph nodes asezindaweni ezihlala ngaphansi kwe-subcaplavia, e-subclavia nase-axillary nazo zisusiwe.
Manje ukuthengiswa komkhakha webele kuqale ukukhiqiza nokuqoka kaningi kaningi. Kungenziwa ezinyathelweni zakuqala zokuthuthukiswa kwesisu esinomdlavuza (uma singekho ngaphezu kuka-3 cm). Lezi zimo ezilandelayo kumele zigcinwe, ngakho-ke ukuvuselelwa okukhulu okungazange kwenzeke kuphela, kodwa futhi kwanikeza umphumela odingekayo:
- I-tumor kufanele ifakwe endaweni yangaphandle yesigcawu;
- ukungabi khona kwe- metastases kuma-lymph nodes kumele kuqinisekiswe;
- Ubukhulu be-grey gland kufanele kube ngokwanele ukuqhuba ukungenelela okuhlinzayo;
- kungenzeka ukuthi i-radiotherapy ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kumele iqinisekiswe.
Ukuthengiswa okukhululekile kwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia jikelele, kodwa-ke kuvunyelwe ukwenza ukuthengiswa komkhakha ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia yendawo (novocaine noma i-lidocaine). Njengamanje, kuphakanyiswa futhi ukuba kwenziwe lo msebenzi ngaphansi kokuthi ukulala okunomsoco. I-anesthesia yasendaweni ayisetshenziselwa ukutholakala kwe-neoplasm engenakulinganiswa, futhi nalapho ukusebenza kwenziwa ngenjongo yokulondoloza isitho. I-anesthesia ejwayelekile iboniswa nalapho isiguli sinomdlavuza kuzo zonke izidakamizwa ze-anesthesia yendawo.
Ukuthengiswa kwebele: imiphumela
Njengomthetho, imiphumela embi yokuthengiswa kwebele iyabonakala:
- shintsha esimweni sebele;
- ukwakheka kwamapulangwe eduze kwe-nipple kanye nendawo;
- isibazi esingathandeki nge-suturing engalungile;
- i-stasis ye-lymph (lapho isusa i-lymph nodes);
- ukutheleleka kwamanxeba ngaphambi noma emva kokuhlinzwa, okuholela ekuxhaseni kwabo;
- ukwakheka kwe-hematoma ngenxa yokumiswa okungalungile kokugaya ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.
Uma ukuthengiswa komkhakha we-mammary gland kwenziwa, imiphumela ingazibonakalisa ngendlela yobuhlungu, ukuthuthukiswa kwegazi. Yiqiniso, i-mammary gland izoshintsha ngokwezinga elithile emva kokuthengiswa kwemikhakha, kepha lokhu kunganakwa uma kungumbuzo wokulondoloza impilo yesiguli.