Umhlobiso wanoma yisiphi isayithi akuyona nje izitshalo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esihle, kodwa futhi nesitshalo esilungisiwe kahle. Kodwa-ke, lapho kuqala izinsuku zokuqala zasentwasahlobo, kungase kuvele ukuthi le sayithi ayitholakali kakhulu. Ngemuva kokuqinisekisa ukunakekelwa kahle kwetshani emva kwebusika, uzothola ukuhlanza okuhle eduze kwendlu.
Indlela yokunakekela utshani emva kobusika?
Ngesikhathi sasebusika ematsheni angabonakala izindawo ngeqhwa. Kulezi zindawo, uma zibuye zifakwe emanzini, ama-meltwater ahlaselwa entwasahlobo kanti umhlaba unomanzi kakhulu, unomile ngaphandle. Ukuvimbela lokhu kungenzeki, ukunakekelwa kwentwasahlobo kwentwasahlobo kuyisifenqo esifanayo esanda ukusabalalisa iqhwa kulo lonke isayithi. I-ice crust engaphansi kumele iphulwe ngokucophelela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekupheleni kwebusika kuyadingeka ukuhlanza yonke imigwaqo nemigqa yamanzi yokudonsa okusheshayo kwama-meltwater.
Ukunakekela indawo enkulu yensimbi kunzima ukufeza ngaphandle kosizo lwabachwepheshe. Nokho, ukuhlanza okuncane kunganikezwa ukubukeka okuhlobisa futhi ngokuzimela. Isihlahla sisebenza ensimini singaqaliswa ngokushesha nje lapho iqhwa lihla bese i-turf iyancibilika. Kodwa-ke, uma kusencane kakhulu ukuqala ukuhamba emhlabathini, lapho umhlaba ungasomile ngokuphelele, khona-ke ungase ushiye amathrekhi angathandeki. Ngakho-ke, kufanele ukhethe isikhathi esifanele salokhu, bese utshani emva kobusika luzophinde lube luhlaza, lulungiswe kahle futhi luhle.
Ukutshontsha utshani emva kwebusika
Ukunakekelwa okunjalo kwetshani entwasahlobo kubhekwa njengomsebenzi obunzima kakhulu futhi obunzima kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, umuntu akakwazi ukukwenza ngaphandle kokuxubha, ngenxa yokunakekelwa kwayo kuyoxhomeka ekubukeni kwenhlabathi eluhlaza. Amaqabunga kanye notshani wonyaka odlule ubusika balahlekile ngokuzizwa okunomile owomile, okuyinto engavumeli ukuhluma utshani obusha. Ngokuzihlanganisa kwakhe, sebenzisa izakhi ezikhethekile ezisontekile noma ezenziwe ngama-fan of rod stiy rigid. Hlanganisa utshani kuze kube yilapho utshani buqala ukukhula kuso. Kuhle kakhulu ukwenza amakhadi ezinkomba ezimbili - ngaphesheya nangaphezulu. Yonke imfucuza kufanele isuswe kusayithi.
Ukuhlwanyela utshani emva kwebusika
Ngesinye isikhathi abanikazi, emva kokuhlola isayithi, bathola utshani oluboshiwe ngemuva kwebusika ngama-patches ama-bald, ukuthi benzeni kulokhu - banesithakazelo. Uma utshani kulezi zindawo vyprel, khona-ke kudingeka uchithe ukuhlwanyela. Khetha imbewu yezinhlobonhlobo ezifanayo ezikhula ematsheni futhi ngokulinganayo zisakaze ezindaweni ezingenalutho, ukufafaza phezulu ngenhla encane yomquba noma umhlaba. Hamba kulezi zindawo ngama-fan rakes, ngaleyo ndlela ukwandise ukuxhumana kwenhlabathi nembewu. Uma umhlabathi usomile, kufanele uphuze njalo. Ukunakekelwa okunjalo kuhle kakhulu emva kokulwa, okuyinto ezokwenza ngokushesha ukuhluma kwembewu yotshani.
Ukunakekelwa kwegundane entwasahlobo - umquba
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhula kokhuni, lolu hlobo lokunakekelwa lwenziwa, njengokuncelisa utshani emva ebusika. Ngenxa yalokhu, kusetshenziselwa umquba onomuthi ophezulu we- nitrogen . Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele iqukathe i-phosphorus. Kuyinto elula kakhulu ukusebenza ngomanyolo ohlangene, owethulwa lapho unisela inhlabathi. Isheshe ifinyelele ohlelweni lwempande, kanti utshani buqala ukubonakala luhlaza. Izitshalo ezigayiwe noma i-powder zihlakazekile ngaphesheya kwendawo emanzi. Ngezinye izikhathi umanyolo owomile uhlakazeka eqhweni lokugcina, bese kuthi uma ucibilika, umquba uzokugeleza ngokushesha emhlabathini.
Ngesikhathi sokutshala utshani ngemuva kobusika?
Abalimi abangenalwazi bazoba nesithakazelo sokwazi ukuthi bazokhipha nini utshani emhlabathini. Ukutshala kokuqala kwenhlabathi emva kwebusika kubanjwa ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Ngalesi sikhathi, zonke izinyathelo ezidingekayo zokubuyiselwa kwezitshalo, kufanele zenziwe kakade. Kudingekile ukuhlwanyela utshani kusayithi kuze kufike ku-5 cm ubude. Akunconywa ukuthi uqede uhlaza ngokugaya okokuqala, kodwa ukunqunywa kwezinwele okunjalo kuzosiza ukugcina utshani obuntshisekelo ekushisweni kwelanga elishisayo. Esikhathini esizayo, ungakwazi ukusika utshani uphansi. Ukutshala utshani kulula ukuqoqa ku-travosbornik ekhethekile.
Nini ukuqala ukuchelela utshani emva ebusika?
Ukunisela utshani kuncike esimweni sezulu esisheshayo kanye nomswakama ohambisanayo emoyeni. Ukunakekela utshani emva kwebusika ngendlela yokunisela kungcono kakhulu kwenziwe ekuseni kakhulu. Ngesikhathi sokuphuza, umswakama uphuthuma ngokushesha futhi ushise utshani, futhi ukuphuza kusihlwa kungaholela ekutheni kwenzeke izifo emanzini ngenxa yokushisa okuphansi kanye nomswakama owedlulele. Ukunisela kakhulu utshani emtsheni kuyadingeka futhi emva kokusebenzisa umquba. Kodwa emva kokucubungula imifino ye- herbicide ukuze imise isikhanti okwesikhashana akufanele kube khona.
Ngemuva kokunisela noma imvula, umhlabathi etshanini uba buthaka. Ngalesi sikhathi, kungenzeka ukufeza okunjalo ngemuva kwebusika njenge-aeration. Le nqubo yokubhoboza i-sod ikhuthaza ukuhlinzekwa okungcono kwe-oksijeni, umswakama kanye nezakhi ezinomsoco ohlelweni lokutshala utshani. I-Air kufanele isetshenziswe kanye ngonyaka. Ngomsebenzi kungenzeka ukuthi usebenzise ama-pitchforks avamile, izicathulo ezikhethekile "ze-aeration", okuwukuphela kwazo okugxilwe ngemivese. Uma unakekela udaka olukhulu, i-verticulum ene-electric motor isetshenziswa.
Izifo zetshani emva ebusika
Izimo zezulu ezingavumelekile zingabangela izifo ezehlukene zomhlabathi, futhi ukuhoxiswa nokuqedwa kwayo kuzothatha isikhathi esiningi nomzamo. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola isikhathi esifanele futhi kwenziwe izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukusakazeka kwesifo. Ngotshani obuntshani, lezi zifo zingaba yingozi:
- Isikhwama seqhwa noma i-fusariosis - ibonakala njengamabala okuzungeza umbala we-silvery. Utshani bubukeka sengathi luyimpuphu neqhwa. Ngemva kwesikhashana, izitshalo ziyabuna, zithole umbala wensambo. Ukuqeda lesi sifo kunzima kakhulu. Izindawo ezithintekayo ziyakhiwe futhi zishiswe, futhi inhlabathi iphathwa nge-fungicides.
- Ukugqwala. Etsheni kwenziwa ama-pustules of umbala obomvu obomvu, ovela kude ubonakala enesibindi. Uma ubona izindawo ezinjalo - phatha lezi zindawo uzibulala, futhi uhlwanyela utshani obunesifo nsuku zonke.
- Isifo se-Cortical noma i-pink mosaic. Ngotshani kubonakala izindawo ezibomvu noma ezibomvu nxazonke. Kungenzeka ukuvimbela ukubukeka kwesifo ngokuqinisekisa ukunakekelwa okufanele komtshani obuluhlaza ngemuva kobusika. Futhi uma kunezibonakaliso zokugula, kufanele uphathe indawo ethintekile nge-fungicide systemic.
Ubuningi emva kwebusika buphendukile - yini okufanele uyenze?
Uma uthola izindawo eziphuzi emagqabeni emva kobusika, khona-ke kungenzeka kube nezizathu eziningana zalokhu:
- Ukungabi ne-nitrogen nensimbi emhlabathini. Isimo singalungiswa ngokusungula umanyolo we-nitrogen.
- Ukuphuza okwanele, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi esishisayo.
- Imiphumela yokuvakashela utshani wakho ngamakati noma izinja. Ukwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali omchamo wezilwane kunomphumela onobungozi kuzo zonke izitshalo. Uma usutholile ama-patches anombala obomvu otshanini obuntshani, kuyadingeka ukuba uchithe lezi zindawo ngamanzi noma ukusetha kabusha indawo ethintekile.