Ngamunye wabazali baphupha ukuthi ingane yakhe izozalwa inempilo futhi ikhule ibe inhle futhi ihlakaniphile. Ngenhlanhla, ezimweni eziningi kwenzeka, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kukhona ukungafani okungajabulisayo.
Imithi yanamuhla iye yahamba phambili, futhi izifo eziningi eziyingozi sezivele zinyango. Kodwa kunezifo ezinjalo ezingavamile nezingavamile, okwamanje okungafundile kancane. Ngisho nodokotela abangcono kakhulu abahlinzekiwe ukuqonda izimbangela zalokho okwenzekayo futhi basize abantu abagulayo abanabo.
1. Ukuhlambalaza, ukushayela i-dyslexia, i-discusculature
Okokuqala konke kubukeka okujwayelekile: ingane ikhula, idlala, ifunda. Kodwa ngesikhathi esithile, abazali bahlangabezana nezinkinga ezingenakuqondakala. Izingane zabo akunakwenzeka ngokuphelele ukufundisa ukufunda, ukubhala, ukubala. Iyini isizathu nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze? Ingabe ubuvila noma ezinye izifo ezingavamile?
Inkulumo ebhaliwe inezinhlobo ezimbili zokukhuluma - ukubhala nokufunda. Amagama anjalo angajwayelekile futhi asabekayo njengama-dysgraphia ne-dyslexia asho ukungakwazi noma ubunzima bokufunda nokubhala nokufunda. Ngokuvame ukugubha ngesikhathi esisodwa, kepha ngezinye izikhathi kungenziwa ngokuhlukile. Ukuhluleka kokufunda konke kubizwa ngokuthi i-alexia, ukuhluleka ukubhala konke kubhalisa.
Odokotela abaningi ababheki njengalezi ziphambeko njengesifo, kodwa babhekisele ezintweni eziphawulekayo zesakhiwo sobuchopho ngombono ohlukile ngokuphelele wezwe futhi omunye ubheke izinto ezijwayelekile. I-Dyslexia idinga ukulungiswa, ingelashwa. Ukuhluleka ukufunda nokubhala kungaphelela noma kuyingxenye: ukungakwazi ukuqonda izinhlamvu nezimpawu, amagama aphelele nemisho, noma umbhalo ogcwele. Ingane ingafundiswa ukubhala, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo yenza amaphutha amaningi, idibanisa izincwadi nezinhlamvu. Futhi, yiqiniso, lokhu akukona ngenxa yokungabi nalutho noma ubuvila. Lokhu kufanele kuqondwe. Ingane enjalo idinga usizo lochwepheshe.
Kumpawu zangaphambili zivame ukuhlanganiswa nesinye isibonakaliso esingathandeki - diskulkuly. Kubonakala ukungakwazi ukuqonda izinombolo, okungenzeka ngenxa yokungakwazi ukuqonda izinhlamvu nezimpawu uma ufunda. Ngezinye izikhathi izingane zikwazi ukwenza izenzo ngokubekezela ngezinombolo ezingqondweni, kodwa imisebenzi echazwe yombhalo ayikwazi ukwenza. Lokhu kungenzeka ukuthi lowo muntu akanalo ithuba lokubona umbhalo wonke.
Ngeshwa, imithi yesimanje ingakapheli impendulo eqondile embuzweni wokuthi kungani i-dyslexic ingafundi ukufunda, ukubhala, ubale eminyakeni engu-6 noma engu-12 ubudala noma njengomuntu omdala.
2. Dyspraxia - isifo sokubambisana
Lokhu okungavamile kubonakala ukungakwazi ukwenza noma yiziphi izenzo ezilula, isibonelo, ukuxhaphaza amazinyo akho noma ukubopha ama-shoelaces akho. Inkathazo kubazali ukuthi abaqondi ukuthi yikuphi ukuziphatha kwalokhu, futhi esikhundleni sokukhokha kahle babonisa intukuthelo nokucasula.
Kodwa, ngaphezu kwezifo zobuntwana, kunezinto eziningi ezinjalo, okungavamile, izifo umuntu ahlangana nazo esezikhulile. Cishe awuzange uzwe ngezinye zazo.
3. I-microsis noma i-syndrome "Alice in Wonderland"
Lokhu, ngenhlanhla, isifo esiyinto engavamile yesifo segazi esithinta umbono wezinto ezibukwayo ngabantu. Iziguli zibona abantu, izilwane nezindawo ezizungezile zimbalwa kakhulu kunokuba zikhona ngempela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabanga phakathi kwawo avela aphikisiwe. Lesi sifo sivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "Umbono weLilliputian," nakuba ungathinti ukubona kuphela, kodwa futhi ukuzwa nokuthinta. Ngisho nomzimba wakho ungase ubonakale uhluke ngokuphelele. Ngokuvamile i-syndrome iqhubeka ngamehlo avaliwe futhi ngokuvamile iveza ukuqala kobumnyama, lapho ubuchopho bengenalwazi mayelana nobukhulu bezinto ezizungezile.
4. I-Stendhal Syndrome
Lapho kukhona isifo saloluhlobo, abantu abakwazi ukuqagela ngaphambi kokuvakashela kokuqala esithombeni segalari. Uma ufinyelela endaweni lapho kukhona khona izinto eziningi zobuciko, uqala ukuzwa izimpawu ezinzima zokuhlaselwa kwesibindi: ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, isizungu, ukwanda kwenhliziyo ngisho nokuhlelwa kwezindleko. Kwesinye sezigameko zaseFlorence kanye nezivakashi ngokuvamile kwakukhona amacala anjalo, okwakuchazwa njengalesi sifo. Igama layo lalingenxa yomlobi owaziwayo uStendhal, owachaza izimpawu ezifanayo encwadini yakhe ethi "Naples naseFlorence".
5. Syndrome of jumping umFulentshi waseMaine
Isibonakaliso esiyinhloko salesi sifo se-genetic esingavamile ukwesaba okukhulu. Iziguli ezinomsindo ozwakalayo wokugcoba umsindo, ukukhamuluka, ukuphakamisa izandla, ukuwa, ukuguqa phansi kanye nokude akukwazi ukuzola. Lesi sifo saqala ukulotshwa e-US ngo-1878 esivela ku-logger waseFrance eMaine. Ngakho igama layo laba khona. Igama laso libucatshangisiwe.
6. Isifo se-Urbach-Vite
Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungaphezu kwesifo esingaziwa esibizwa ngokuthi "ingonyama yesibindi". Isifo esiyingqayizivele kakhulu sezakhi zofuzo, isifo esiyinhloko esingaba khona ukuphela kwesaba. Ucwaningo oluningi lubonise ukuthi ukungabi khona kwesaba akusona imbangela yalesi sifo, kodwa kungumphumela wokubhujiswa kwe-amygdala yobuchopho. Ngokuvamile ezigulini ezinjalo, izwi elihlabayo nesikhumba ebomvu. Ngenhlanhla, kusukela ukutholakala kwalesi sifo ezincwadini zezokwelapha kubhalwe amacala angaphansi kwama-300 okubonakaliswa kwawo.
7. I-Syndrome yesandla somunye umuntu
Lesi yisifo esiyinkimbinkimbi se-psychoneurological esichazwe ukuthi omunye noma zombili izandla zesiguli wenza njengokungathi yibo ngokwabo. Isazi sezinzwa saseJalimane uKurt Goldstein saqala ukuchaza izimpawu zalesi sifo esingavamile lapho ebona isiguli sakhe. Ngesikhathi sokulala, isandla sakhe sokunxele, esenza eminye imithetho engafihlekile, ngokushesha kwaqala ukumcindezela "inkosikazi." Lesi sifo esiyinqaba senziwa ngenxa yokulimala kokudluliselwa kwempawu phakathi kwama-hemispheres of the brain. Unesifo esinjalo ungenza umonakalo ngaphandle kokuqaphela okwenzekayo.