U-Oman unomlando ocebile futhi othakazelisayo, ohlangene nokunqotshwa okuphakade. Lapha kugcinwe izikhumbuzo ezihlukahlukene zezakhiwo, ezakhiwe ikakhulukazi eNkathini Ephakathi ukuze zivikele umbuso kumaPutukezi namaPheresiya. Lezi zinqaba zigcwele ukuphakade futhi zitshele ngezikhathi ezahlukene zezwe.
U-Oman unomlando ocebile futhi othakazelisayo, ohlangene nokunqotshwa okuphakade. Lapha kugcinwe izikhumbuzo ezihlukahlukene zezakhiwo, ezakhiwe ikakhulukazi eNkathini Ephakathi ukuze zivikele umbuso kumaPutukezi namaPheresiya. Lezi zinqaba zigcwele ukuphakade futhi zitshele ngezikhathi ezahlukene zezwe.
Izintandane ezidumile zase-Oman
Endaweni yombuso kunezinqaba ezingaphezu kuka-500. Ezinye zazo ziyizidumbu, ezinye ziyimyuziyamu zomlando, ezinye zibalwe njengeSayithi leMagugu eNhlabathi ye-UNESCO. Zonke izinqaba zakhiwe ngezitayela ezahlukene zezakhiwo futhi zinekhanda lazo. Izinqaba ezidume kakhulu ze-Oman yizo:
- Sohar - lakhiwa ngekhulu le-IV, kodwa ngekhulu le-16 amaPutukezi ayakha kabusha. Lena yindlala kuphela kuleli zwe, enesisekelo samatshe sombala omhlophe. I-fort isenziwe ngendlela ye-tangle futhi ihaqwe izindonga ezinkulu ngezingqimba eziyisithupha. Kunomgwaqo ongaphansi komhlaba oholela esigodini sentaba sase-Aldze, ubude bawo buyi-10 km. Namuhla kukhona iminyuziyamu engxenyeni ye-citadel etshela umlando wabahlali bendawo. Phakathi kwalezi zibukiso kungabonakala amabalazwe emigwaqo yokuhweba, imishini yemikhumbi, izinhlamvu zemali ezindala, izikhali, njll.
- URustak - ezikhathini zangaphambili inhloko-dolobha yase-Oman yayisekhona lapha. I-fort yasungulwa amaPheresiya ngo-1250, kamuva yavuselelwa futhi yavuselelwa izikhathi eziningana. Ifomu lokugcina lesakhiwo lakutholakala ngekhulu le-XVII. Imikhosi yokugcina yakhiwa ngo-1744 no-1906. Inqaba ikhona endaweni eqoshwe ngamadwala okuyizinto ezazisetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa. Esikhathini sesiteji esingenhla kuyinkimbinkimbi encane eBur al al-Jinn, enikeza umbono obangalisayo. Ngokomlando, wadalwa ngamademoni. Izikhangiso eziseduze ziphilisa iziphethu ezishisayo namanzi okugeza.
- Mirani - inqaba eyakhiwa yiPutukezi ngekhulu le-XVI. Itholakala eMuscat futhi yindawo kahulumeni. Enqabeni kukhona museum yangasese. Izivakashi zakho siqu zeSultan zivunyelwe ukungena lapha. Ungahlola kuphela izakhiwo ezivela ngaphandle. Ngokuphambene nalezi zinto, umuntu angabona i-graffiti yasendulo eyashiywe imikhumbi yempi neyomthengisi phakathi nekhulu le-19.
- I-Al Jalali - i-fort okuyinto ikhophi ephelele kaMirani, ibizwa ngokuthi amawele. Izungezwe izindonga ezingenakulinganiswa futhi namuhla isisekelo sezempi. Umgwaqo kuphela oholela e-citadel yisitebhisi esiphezulu. Ukungena lapha kuyinto eyodwa, eduze nayo kugcinwe incwadi enkulu, eyenziwe ngohlaka lwegolide. Liloba amagama ezivakashi ezidumile zenqaba.
- I-Liv iyinqaba yama-pirate, eyayingabase-Portuguese filibusters. Namuhla, isakhiwo sishiywe, ngakho izindonga nobuciko besakhiwo zibhujiswa.
- UNahl - inqaba encane, eyakhiwe entabeni yegama elifanayo esikhathini sokuqala samaSulumane. Ubhekwa njengenye yehle kunazo zonke futhi enzima ukufinyelela ezweni. I-fort ingcwatshwe endaweni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka emithini yesundu. Amakhosi omndeni wakwa-Al Bu Said noYaarubi bakhulisa futhi bawaqinisa. Abakhi basebenzise izici zendawo yasekhaya kanye nokwahlukana kwendawo, ngakho izindonga zangaphakathi zibonakala ziphansi kunaphandle. Amafasitela, iminyango kanye nokufakwe kwe-citadel zihlotshiswe ngemihlobiso eqoshiwe.
- Jabrin - inqaba igcwele izimfihlakalo eziningi kanye nezinganekwane. Yakhiwe ekhulwini le-XVII futhi inesimiso esiyingqayizivele sezingxenye eziyimfihlo ezinezicupho. Inqaba yayiyisikhungo sokufundisa futhi kwakubhekwa njengenhle kakhulu ezweni. Isakhiwo sihlukaniswe ngamakamelo wabesifazane namadoda, kanye namaMajlis (ihholo leBhodi Elilulekayo). Ingaphakathi lihlaba umxhwele ngomhlobiso oqoshiwe weminyango namafasitela, kanye nokudweba okuhle kwe-plailing. Ihlala ethuneni lika-Imam, owafa eNkathini Ephakathi.
- Al Hazma - lakhiwa ngo-1708 ngomyalo kaSultan Bin Seif. Ukukhanga okuyinhloko kweqhwa kukhona iminyango emibili egcinwe ngokuphelele, enomklamo wezobuciko kanye nemibhalo eqoshiwe evela eKoran. Esigodini, izivakashi zizokwazi ukuhlola imibhoshongo yezikhali, amakamelo angaphambili, amaseli eziboshwa kanye nemigudu engaphansi komhlaba enezitebhisi eziyimfihlo eziholela ngaphesheya kwenqaba.
- I-Nizwa Fort yayakhiwa ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-17 ngomyalo ka-Imam Sultan bin Saif Jaarubia. Ihlotshaniswa nekhulu kunazo zonke embhoshongweni wezwe, kusukela phezulu evula i-panorama enhle kakhulu yedolobha kanye ne-oasis yesundu. Futhi, le nqaba idume ngomnyango wayo wasendulo, owenziwe ngesitayela somdabu u-Omani.
- I-Bahla Fort itholakala eduze kwe-oasis ebizwa ngokuthi i-homasy futhi iyingxenye yezakhiwo ezindala kunazo zonke zezwe. Kwakuhloswe ukulwa nokulwa futhi ngisho nanamuhla kunamandla amakhulu. Inqaba yakhiwa ngabantu banu-nebhan abavela e-adobe ngekhulu le-13. Iqukethe idonga elingamakhilomitha angu-12 elizungeze umuzi, amasosha angu-132 namasango angu-15. Esigodlweni esikhulu esinezintathu ezintathu kukhona amakamelo angu-55, futhi isakhiwo ngokwawo sihlotshiswe ngemidwebo nemibhalo ebhuni. Isayithi lihlelwe njengeSayithi leMagugu eNhlabathi ye-UNESCO.
- I-Khasab itholakala enyakatho ye- Musandam Peninsula. Kusuka kumafasitela enqaba kunombono onokuthula nohle kakhulu weStrarait of Hormuz. Izivakashi eziningi ziza lapha ukuze zibone le panorama. Inqaba yakhiwa amaPutukezi ngekhulu le-XVII, ukuze bakwazi ukulawula konke ukuhweba endaweni yangamanzi. Indawo yakhethwa esikhundleni sempumelelo ngempumelelo, ngoba ngaphakathi kwayo kukhona izintaba, amahlane kanye nezimakethe. I-Citadel inomkhumbi omkhulu kanye nendlu.
- I-Taka iyinqaba encane eyenziwe ngamatini obumba, okuyinto, enezakhiwo zayo, efana nendlu yezintambo-ama-crusaders. Cishe zonke izakhiwo zensimbi zinama-2 phansi. Ezindaweni zasemaphandleni, izivalo zasendulo zamapulangwe, ama-watchtower, amakhishi aphakathi, ukudlala ukudla, i-arsenal kanye nejele leziboshwa ezinamakamelo amancane kakhulu agcinwe. Lapha ungabona izitsha ezindala, izingubo zesikhathi esidlule, iqoqo elikhulu lezikhali nezinto zakho zokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke kwababusi.